Abstract
Eugenia quilombola, a new species restricted to the northern portion of the Atlantic Forest is here described. Its sheets were previously misidentified as Eugenia umbrosa and this misquoting name have been used in scientific collections and publications until now. After 10 years of studies and discussions about its identity, Eugenia quilombola was recognized as a new taxon based on its diagnostic features of multilocular anthers and verrucose fruits (vs. rimose anther and smooth fruit in E. umbrosa). Furthermore, Eugenia quilombola has a narrow distribution in northeastern Brazil while E. umbrosa occurs in the southeastern region and in the state of Bahia.
References
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<p>Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2012a) Myrtaceae from lowland Atlantic Forest areas in the State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa </em>40: 33–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.40.1.6</p>
<p>Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2012b) A new species of <em>Eugenia </em>(Myrteae, Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 37: 694–698. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X648661</p>
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<p>Amorim, B.S. & Cabral, F.N. (2018) A new species of <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrteae, Myrtaceae) from the submontane forest of northern Atlantic Forest. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 360 (2): 167–173. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.2.9</p>
<p>Berg, O. (1855–1856) Revisio Myrtacearum Americae.<em> Linnaea</em> 27: 1–799.</p>
<p>Berg, O. (1857–1859) Myrtaceae. <em>Flora</em> <em>Brasiliensis</em> 14 (1): 1–656.</p>
<p>Baumgratz, J.F.A., Souza, M.L.D.R., Woodgyer, E.M. & Nic Lughadha, E.M. (1996) Polysporangiate anthers: Described for the first time in Melastomataceae. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 51: 133–144. https://doi.org/10.2307/4118750</p>
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<p>FCP-Fundação Cultural Palmares (2021) Centro Nacional de Informação e Referência da Cultura Negra. Available from: http://www.palmares.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/quadro-geral-por-estados-e-regioes-15-06-2021.pdf (accessed 20 August 2021)</p>
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<p>González, F.A. & Rudall, P.J. (2010) Flower and fruit characters in the early-divergent lamiid family Metteniusaceae, with particular reference to the evolution of pseudomonomery. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 97 (2): 191–206. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900194</p>
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<p>Lima, J.F., Romero, R. & Simão, D.G. (2019) Polysporangiate anthers in <em>Microlicia</em> D.Don (Melastomataceae Juss.). <em>Feddes Repertorium</em> 130: 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.201800006</p>
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<p>Lourenço, A.R. & Barbosa, M.R. (2012) Myrtaceae Juss. em restingas no limite norte de distribuição da Mata Atlântica. <em>Rodriguésia </em>63: 373–393. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2175-78602012000200011</p>
<p>Lourenço, A.R.L., Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2013) <em>Eugenia pipensis</em>, a new species of <em>Eugenia</em> sect. <em>Umbellatae </em>(Myrtaceae) from northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 104: 30–34. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.104.1.4</p>
<p>Lourenço, A.R.L., Costa-Lima, J.L. & Chagas, E.C.O. (2019) <em>Eugenia caipora</em>, a new species of <em>Eugenia</em> sect. <em>Pseudeugenia</em> (Myrtaceae) from northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 408 (2): 129–135. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.408.2.6</p>
<p>Lucas, E.J. & Bünger, M.O. (2015) Myrtaceae in the Atlantic forest: their role as a ‘model’ group. <em>Biodiversity and Conservation</em> 24: 2165–2180.</p>
<p>Mazine, F.F., Bünger, M.O., Faria, J.E.Q., Lucas, E. & Souza, V.C. (2016) Sections in Eugenia (Myrteae, Myrtaceae): nomenclatural notes and a key. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 289 (3): 225–236. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.2</p>
<p>Mazine, F.F., Eustáquio, J., Faria, Q., Giaretta, A., Vasconcelos, T., Forest, F. & Lucas, E. (2018) Phylogeny and biogeography of the hyper-diverse genus <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrtaceae: Myrteae), with emphasis on <em>E.</em> sect. <em>Umbellatae</em>, the most unmanageable clade. <em>Taxon</em> 67: 752–769. https://doi.org/10.12705/674.5</p>
<p>Mazine, F.F., Valdemarin, K.S., Bünger, M., Faria, J.E.Q., Fernandes, T., Giaretta, A., Santana, K.C., Sobral, M. & Souza, M.A.D. (2020) <em>Eugenia</em> <em>in</em> Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB10338 (accessed 29 June 2021)</p>
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<p>Melo, A., Amorim, B.S., Pessoa, E., Maciel, J.R. & Alves, M. (2016) Serra do Urubu, a biodiversity hot-spot for angiosperms in the northern Atlantic Forest (Pernambuco, Brazil). <em>Checklist</em> 12: 1842. https://doi.org/10.15560/12.1.1842</p>
<p>Michelangeli, F.A. & Ulloa-Ulloa, C. (2013) A new species of <em>Graffenrieda</em> (Melastomataceae) from the Andes in Southern Ecuador. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 77 (3): 43–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.77.3.2</p>
<p>Nusbaumer, L., Barbosa, M.R.V., Thomas, W.W., Alves, M.V., Amorim, B.S., Pessoa, E., Melo, A., Loizeau, P.-A. & Spichiger, R. (2015) Inventário da Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada: Flora. Biodiversidade da Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada, Alagoas, Pernambuco - Brasil. <em>Boissiera </em>68: 439–547.</p>
<p>Oliveira-Filho, A.T. & Fontes, M.M.A.L. (2000) Patterns of floristic differentiation among Atlantic forests in Southeastern Brazil and the influence of climate. <em>Biotropica</em> 32: 793–810. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2000.tb00619.x</p>
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<p>Sobral, M. (2013) Eight new Atlantic Rainforest species and nomenclatural notes in Brazilian Myrtaceae. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 135 (1): 43–61. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.135.1.6</p>
<p>Souza, M.A., Scudeller, V.V. & Mendonça, M.S. (2015) Three new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Brazilian Amazonia. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 212 (1): 87–94. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4</p>
<p>Souza, C.M. Jr., Shimbo, J.Z., Rosa, M.R., Parente, L.L., Alencar, A.A., Rudorff, B.F.T., Hasenack, H., Matsumoto, M., Ferreira, L.G., Souza-Filho, P.W.M., Oliveira, S.W., Rocha, W.F., Fonseca, A.V., Marques, C.B., Diniz, C.G., Costa, D., Monteiro, D., Rosa, E.R., Vélez-Martin, E., Weber, E.J., Lenti, F.E.B., Paternost, F.F., Pareyn, F.G.C., Siqueira, J.V., Vieira, J.L., Neto, L.C.F., Saraiva, M.M., Sales, M.H., Salgado, M.P.G., Vasconcelos, R., Galano, S., Mesquita, V.V. & Azevedo, T. (2020) Reconstructing three decades of land use and land cover changes in Brazilian Biomes with Landsat Archive and Earth Engine. <em>Remote Sensing</em> 12 (17): 2735. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172735</p>
<p><em>Species </em>Link network (2021) Available from: https://specieslink.net/search/ (accessed 29 June 2021)</p>
<p>Suaza-Gaviria, V., Pabón-Mora, N. & González, F. (2016) Development and morphology of flowers in Loranthaceae. <em>International Journal of Plant Sciences</em> 177 (7): 559–578. https://doi.org/10.1086/687280</p>
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<p>Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2011) Flora da Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco: Myrtaceae. <em>Rodriguésia </em>62: 499–514. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201162306</p>
<p>Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2012a) Myrtaceae from lowland Atlantic Forest areas in the State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa </em>40: 33–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.40.1.6</p>
<p>Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2012b) A new species of <em>Eugenia </em>(Myrteae, Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 37: 694–698. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X648661</p>
<p>Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2015)<em> Eugenia submontana </em>(Myrteae, Myrtaceae), a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil and notes on <em>Eugenia culicina</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 208 (3): 209–216<em>. </em> https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.208.3.3</p>
<p>Amorim, B.S. & Cabral, F.N. (2018) A new species of <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrteae, Myrtaceae) from the submontane forest of northern Atlantic Forest. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 360 (2): 167–173. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.2.9</p>
<p>Berg, O. (1855–1856) Revisio Myrtacearum Americae.<em> Linnaea</em> 27: 1–799.</p>
<p>Berg, O. (1857–1859) Myrtaceae. <em>Flora</em> <em>Brasiliensis</em> 14 (1): 1–656.</p>
<p>Baumgratz, J.F.A., Souza, M.L.D.R., Woodgyer, E.M. & Nic Lughadha, E.M. (1996) Polysporangiate anthers: Described for the first time in Melastomataceae. <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 51: 133–144. https://doi.org/10.2307/4118750</p>
<p>Costa-Lima, J.L. & Chagas, E.C.O. (2018) Six new species of <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 373 (3): 211–220. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.3.4</p>
<p>Endress, K. & Stumpf, S. (1990) Non-tetrasporangiate stamens in the angiosperms: structure, systematic distribution and evolutionary aspects. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik</em> 112: 193–240.</p>
<p>FCP-Fundação Cultural Palmares (2021) Centro Nacional de Informação e Referência da Cultura Negra. Available from: http://www.palmares.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/quadro-geral-por-estados-e-regioes-15-06-2021.pdf (accessed 20 August 2021)</p>
<p>Giaretta, A., Amorim, B.S., Sano, P.T., Souza, G. & Lucas, E. (2019a) Placement of New Species with Fused Calyx Reveals Homoplastic Character in <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrtaceae). <em>Systematic Botany</em> 44: 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364419X697903</p>
<p>Giaretta, A., Vasconcelos, T.N.C., Mazine, F.F., Faria, J.E.Q., Flores, R., Holst, B., Sano, P.T. & Lucas, E. (2019b) Calyx (con)fusion in a hyper-diverse genus: parallel evolution of unusual flower patterns in <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrtaceae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 139: 106540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106553</p>
<p>González, F.A. & Rudall, P.J. (2010) Flower and fruit characters in the early-divergent lamiid family Metteniusaceae, with particular reference to the evolution of pseudomonomery. <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 97 (2): 191–206. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900194</p>
<p>Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (2001) <em>Plant identification Terminology: an illustrated glossary</em>. ed. 2. Spring Lake Publishing, Utah, 216 pp.</p>
<p>IUCN (2001) <em>IUCN Red List categories and criteria</em>. Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [http://intranet.iucn.org/webfiles/doc/SSC/Red List/Red Listcatsenglish.pdf]</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2019) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf]</p>
<p>Lima, J.F., Romero, R. & Simão, D.G. (2019) Polysporangiate anthers in <em>Microlicia</em> D.Don (Melastomataceae Juss.). <em>Feddes Repertorium</em> 130: 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.201800006</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum. </em>Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 471 pp.</p>
<p>Lourenço, A.R. & Barbosa, M.R. (2012) Myrtaceae Juss. em restingas no limite norte de distribuição da Mata Atlântica. <em>Rodriguésia </em>63: 373–393. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2175-78602012000200011</p>
<p>Lourenço, A.R.L., Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. (2013) <em>Eugenia pipensis</em>, a new species of <em>Eugenia</em> sect. <em>Umbellatae </em>(Myrtaceae) from northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 104: 30–34. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.104.1.4</p>
<p>Lourenço, A.R.L., Costa-Lima, J.L. & Chagas, E.C.O. (2019) <em>Eugenia caipora</em>, a new species of <em>Eugenia</em> sect. <em>Pseudeugenia</em> (Myrtaceae) from northeastern Brazil. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 408 (2): 129–135. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.408.2.6</p>
<p>Lucas, E.J. & Bünger, M.O. (2015) Myrtaceae in the Atlantic forest: their role as a ‘model’ group. <em>Biodiversity and Conservation</em> 24: 2165–2180.</p>
<p>Mazine, F.F., Bünger, M.O., Faria, J.E.Q., Lucas, E. & Souza, V.C. (2016) Sections in Eugenia (Myrteae, Myrtaceae): nomenclatural notes and a key. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 289 (3): 225–236. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.2</p>
<p>Mazine, F.F., Eustáquio, J., Faria, Q., Giaretta, A., Vasconcelos, T., Forest, F. & Lucas, E. (2018) Phylogeny and biogeography of the hyper-diverse genus <em>Eugenia</em> (Myrtaceae: Myrteae), with emphasis on <em>E.</em> sect. <em>Umbellatae</em>, the most unmanageable clade. <em>Taxon</em> 67: 752–769. https://doi.org/10.12705/674.5</p>
<p>Mazine, F.F., Valdemarin, K.S., Bünger, M., Faria, J.E.Q., Fernandes, T., Giaretta, A., Santana, K.C., Sobral, M. & Souza, M.A.D. (2020) <em>Eugenia</em> <em>in</em> Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB10338 (accessed 29 June 2021)</p>
<p>Melo, A., Amorim, B.S., García-Gonzáles, J., Souza, J.A.N., Pessoa, E.M., Mendonça, E., Chagas, M., Alves-Araújo, A. & Alves, M. (2011) Updated Floristic Inventory of the Angiosperms of the Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco, Brazil. <em>Revista Nordestina de biologia</em> 20: 3–26.</p>
<p>Melo, A., Amorim, B.S., Pessoa, E., Maciel, J.R. & Alves, M. (2016) Serra do Urubu, a biodiversity hot-spot for angiosperms in the northern Atlantic Forest (Pernambuco, Brazil). <em>Checklist</em> 12: 1842. https://doi.org/10.15560/12.1.1842</p>
<p>Michelangeli, F.A. & Ulloa-Ulloa, C. (2013) A new species of <em>Graffenrieda</em> (Melastomataceae) from the Andes in Southern Ecuador. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 77 (3): 43–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.77.3.2</p>
<p>Nusbaumer, L., Barbosa, M.R.V., Thomas, W.W., Alves, M.V., Amorim, B.S., Pessoa, E., Melo, A., Loizeau, P.-A. & Spichiger, R. (2015) Inventário da Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada: Flora. Biodiversidade da Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada, Alagoas, Pernambuco - Brasil. <em>Boissiera </em>68: 439–547.</p>
<p>Oliveira-Filho, A.T. & Fontes, M.M.A.L. (2000) Patterns of floristic differentiation among Atlantic forests in Southeastern Brazil and the influence of climate. <em>Biotropica</em> 32: 793–810. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2000.tb00619.x</p>
<p>Peixoto, A.L. & Maia, L.C. (2013) <em>Manual de procedimentos para herbários</em>. Ed. Universitária da UFPE, Recife, 96 pp.</p>
<p>Shorthouse, D.P. (2010) SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps. Available from: http://www.simplemappr.net (accessed 29 June 2021)</p>
<p>Sobral, M. (2013) Eight new Atlantic Rainforest species and nomenclatural notes in Brazilian Myrtaceae. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 135 (1): 43–61. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.135.1.6</p>
<p>Souza, M.A., Scudeller, V.V. & Mendonça, M.S. (2015) Three new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Brazilian Amazonia. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 212 (1): 87–94. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4</p>
<p>Souza, C.M. Jr., Shimbo, J.Z., Rosa, M.R., Parente, L.L., Alencar, A.A., Rudorff, B.F.T., Hasenack, H., Matsumoto, M., Ferreira, L.G., Souza-Filho, P.W.M., Oliveira, S.W., Rocha, W.F., Fonseca, A.V., Marques, C.B., Diniz, C.G., Costa, D., Monteiro, D., Rosa, E.R., Vélez-Martin, E., Weber, E.J., Lenti, F.E.B., Paternost, F.F., Pareyn, F.G.C., Siqueira, J.V., Vieira, J.L., Neto, L.C.F., Saraiva, M.M., Sales, M.H., Salgado, M.P.G., Vasconcelos, R., Galano, S., Mesquita, V.V. & Azevedo, T. (2020) Reconstructing three decades of land use and land cover changes in Brazilian Biomes with Landsat Archive and Earth Engine. <em>Remote Sensing</em> 12 (17): 2735. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172735</p>
<p><em>Species </em>Link network (2021) Available from: https://specieslink.net/search/ (accessed 29 June 2021)</p>
<p>Suaza-Gaviria, V., Pabón-Mora, N. & González, F. (2016) Development and morphology of flowers in Loranthaceae. <em>International Journal of Plant Sciences</em> 177 (7): 559–578. https://doi.org/10.1086/687280</p>
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