Abstract
A new species of Gesneriaceae, Primulina clausa P.W.Li & M.Kang was described, which occurs in the karst areas of northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China. The new species is morphologically similar to P. obtusidentata (W.T.Wang) Mich.Möller & A.Weber, but can be readily distinguished by its short and prostrate peduncle, slightly unfolded bracts, appressed sepals, glabrous anthers, parietal placenta, and nearly straight capsules.
References
<p>Chen, W.H., Guo, S.W., Hieu Quang, N., Chen, L. & Shui, Y.M. (2020) Two new taxa of Gesneriaceae in the karst regions in north Vietnam. <em>Phytokeys</em> 157: 217–226. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.157.54697</p>
<p>Clarke, C.B. (1883) Cyrtandreae.<em> In: </em>de Candolle, A. (Ed.) <em>Monographae phanerogamarum: Prodromi nunc continuatio, nunc revisio</em>. G. Masson, Paris, pp. 109–131.</p>
<p>Don, D. (1822) Descriptions of two new genera of Nepal plants. <em>The Edinburgh Philosophical Journal</em> 7: 82–83.</p>
<p>Dong, Y., Liu, J., Li, P.W., Li, C.Q., Lü, T.F., Yang, X. & Wang, Y.Z. (2018) Evolution of Darwin’s <em>peloric</em> gloxinia (<em>Sinningia speciosa</em>) is caused by a null mutation in a pleiotropic TCP gene. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 35: 1901–1915. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy090</p>
<p>Fang, D. & Qin, D.H. (2004) <em>Wentsaiboea</em> D. Fang & D.H. Qin, a new genus of the Gesneriaceae from Guangxi, China. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 42: 533–536.</p>
<p>Hance, H. (1883) New Chinese Cyrtandreae. <em>Journal of Botany</em> 21: 165–170.</p>
<p>Huang, J.H., Chen, B., Liu, C.R., Lai, J.S., Zhang, J.L. & Ma, K.P. (2012a) Identifying hotspots of endemic woody seed plant diversity in China. <em>Diversity and Distributions</em> 18: 673–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00845.x</p>
<p>Huang, Y.S., Xu, W.B., Wu, L. & Liu, Y. (2012b) <em>Primulina gongchengensis</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 49: 107–110. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.049.0118</p>
<p>Kong, H.H., Condamine, F.L., Harris, AJ, Chen, J.L., Pan, B., Möller, M., Hoang, V.S. & Kang, M. (2017) Both temperature fluctuations and East Asian monsoons have driven plant diversification in the karst ecosystems from southern China. <em>Molecular Ecology</em> 26: 6414–6429. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14367</p>
<p>Li, W.H. & Cao, J.H. (2015) Karst ecosystem: An ecosystem on carbonate rocks. <em>Journal of Resources and Ecology</em> 6: 197–199. https://doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2015.04.001</p>
<p>Li, Y.B., Hou, J.J. & Xie, D.T. (2002) The recent development of research on karst ecology in southwest China. <em>Scientia Geographica Sinica</em> 22: 365–370.</p>
<p>Li, Z.Y. & Wang, Y.Z. (2004) <em>Plants of Gesneriaceae in China</em>. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Zhengzhou, 721 pp.</p>
<p>Liu, J.Q., Sun, Y.S., Ge, X.J., Gao, L.M. & Qiu, Y.X. (2012) Phylogeographic studies of plants in China: Advances in the past and directions in the future. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 50: 267–275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2012.00214.x</p>
<p>Liu, Y., Xu, W.B. & Pan, B. (2010) <em>Wentsaiboea tiandengensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> and <em>W. luochengensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Gesneriaceae) from karst caves in Guangxi, southern China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 28: 739–745. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00893.x</p>
<p>López-Pujol, J., Zhang, F.M., Sun, H.Q., Ying, T.S. & Ge, S. (2011) Centres of plant endemism in China: Places for survival or for speciation? <em>Journal of Biogeography</em> 38: 1267–1280. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02504.x</p>
<p>Luo, W.H., Pan, B. & Wen, F. (2016) <em>Primulina gigantea</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 53: 426–430. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.053.0616</p>
<p>Luu, H.T., Nguyen, T.Q.T., Nguyen, Q.D. & Vu, N.L. (2018) <em>An updated species checklist of Gesneriaceae in Vietnam</em>.<em> In: </em>Proceeding of the third national scientific conference on biological research and teaching in Vietnam, Quy Nhon, pp. 16–24.</p>
<p>Ma, H.S., Pan, B. & Xu, W.B. (2017) <em>Primulina lutescens</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Gesneriaceae) from southern Guangxi, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 35: 687–691. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01487</p>
<p>Möller, M., Nishii, K., Atkins, H.J., Kong, H.H., Kang, M., Wei, Y.G., Wen, F., Hong, X. & Middleton, D.J. (2016) An expansion of the genus <em>Deinostigma</em> (Gesneriaceae). <em>Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore</em> 68: 145–172. https://doi.org/10.3850/s2382581216000119</p>
<p>Qin, H.N. & Liu, Y. (2010) <em>A checklist of vascular plants of Guangxi</em>. Science Press, Beijing, 625 pp.</p>
<p>Qin, Y., Yuan, Q., Xu, W.B. & Liu, Y. (2018) <em>Primulina yandongensis</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from southwestern Guangxi, China. <em>Taiwania</em> 63: 305–310. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2018.63.305</p>
<p>Qiu, Y.X., Fu, C.X. & Comes, H.P. (2011) Plant molecular phylogeography in China and adjacent regions: Tracing the genetic imprints of Quaternary climate and environmental change in the world’s most diverse temperate flora. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 59: 225–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.01.012</p>
<p>Tang, Z.Y., Wang, Z.H., Zheng, C.Y. & Fang, J.Y. (2006) Biodiversity in China’s mountains. <em>Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment</em> 4: 347–352. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0347:BICM]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Tong, Y.H., Wang, B.M., Vu, T.C. & Xia, N.H. (2020) <em>Primulina elegans</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from north Vietnam. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em>: e02942. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02942</p>
<p>Wang, W.T. (1981a) Notulae de Gesneriaceis sinensibus (ⅱ). <em>Bulletin of Botanical Research </em>1: 35–75.</p>
<p>Wang, W.T. (1981b) Quinque genera nova Gesneriacearum e sina. <em>Bulletin of Botanical Research </em>1: 21–51.</p>
<p>Wang, Y.-Z., Mao, R.B., Liu, Y., Li, J.M., Dong, Y., Li, Z.Y. & Smith, J.F. (2011) Phylogenetic reconstruction of <em>Chirita</em> and allies (Gesneriaceae) with taxonomic treatments. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 49: 50–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00113.x</p>
<p>Weber, A., Middleton, D.J., Forrest, A., Kiew, R., Lim, C.L., Rafidah, A., Sontag, S., Triboun, P., Wei, Y.G., Yao, T.L. & Möller, M. (2011) Molecular systematics and remodelling of Chirita and associated genera (Gesneriaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 60: 767–790. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.603012</p>
<p>Wei, Y.G. (2010) <em>Gesneriaceae of South China</em>. Guangxi Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanning, 777 pp.</p>
<p>Wei, Y.G. (2019) <em>The distribution and conservation status of native plants in Guangxi, China</em>. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, 876 pp.</p>
<p>Wei, Y.L., Li, C.Z., Chen, W.H., Luo, Q.K., Zhu, D.H. & Pan, T.W. (2018) Characteristics and formation and evolution analysis of the karst landscape of Guangxi. <em>Guangxi Sciences</em> 25: 465–504.</p>
<p>Xu, W.B. (2017) Gesneriaceae.<em> In: </em>Li, S.G. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Guangxi, Vol. 4.</em> Guangxi Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanning, pp. 624–744.</p>
<p>Xu, W.B., Pan, B., Huang, Y.S. & Liu, Y. (2011) <em>Chirita lijiangensis</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from limestone area in Guangxi, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 48: 188–190. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.048.0217</p>
<p>Xu, W.B., Zhang, Q., Wen, F., Liao, W.B., Pan, B., Chang, H. & Chung, K.F. (2012) Nine new combinations and one new name of <em>Primulina</em> (Gesneriaceae) from south China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 64: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.64.1.1</p>
<p>Zhao, B., Hong, X., Huang, S.L. & Wen, F. (2013) <em>Primulina crassirhizoma</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Gesneriaceae) from a limestone area along the boundary of Sino-Vietnam. <em>Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy</em> 20: 129–134. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i2.17387</p>
<p>Zhu, X.X., Wen, F. & Sun, H. (2014) <em>Primulina glandaceistriata</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 188: 49–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.188.1.7</p>
<p>Clarke, C.B. (1883) Cyrtandreae.<em> In: </em>de Candolle, A. (Ed.) <em>Monographae phanerogamarum: Prodromi nunc continuatio, nunc revisio</em>. G. Masson, Paris, pp. 109–131.</p>
<p>Don, D. (1822) Descriptions of two new genera of Nepal plants. <em>The Edinburgh Philosophical Journal</em> 7: 82–83.</p>
<p>Dong, Y., Liu, J., Li, P.W., Li, C.Q., Lü, T.F., Yang, X. & Wang, Y.Z. (2018) Evolution of Darwin’s <em>peloric</em> gloxinia (<em>Sinningia speciosa</em>) is caused by a null mutation in a pleiotropic TCP gene. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 35: 1901–1915. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy090</p>
<p>Fang, D. & Qin, D.H. (2004) <em>Wentsaiboea</em> D. Fang & D.H. Qin, a new genus of the Gesneriaceae from Guangxi, China. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 42: 533–536.</p>
<p>Hance, H. (1883) New Chinese Cyrtandreae. <em>Journal of Botany</em> 21: 165–170.</p>
<p>Huang, J.H., Chen, B., Liu, C.R., Lai, J.S., Zhang, J.L. & Ma, K.P. (2012a) Identifying hotspots of endemic woody seed plant diversity in China. <em>Diversity and Distributions</em> 18: 673–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00845.x</p>
<p>Huang, Y.S., Xu, W.B., Wu, L. & Liu, Y. (2012b) <em>Primulina gongchengensis</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 49: 107–110. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.049.0118</p>
<p>Kong, H.H., Condamine, F.L., Harris, AJ, Chen, J.L., Pan, B., Möller, M., Hoang, V.S. & Kang, M. (2017) Both temperature fluctuations and East Asian monsoons have driven plant diversification in the karst ecosystems from southern China. <em>Molecular Ecology</em> 26: 6414–6429. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14367</p>
<p>Li, W.H. & Cao, J.H. (2015) Karst ecosystem: An ecosystem on carbonate rocks. <em>Journal of Resources and Ecology</em> 6: 197–199. https://doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2015.04.001</p>
<p>Li, Y.B., Hou, J.J. & Xie, D.T. (2002) The recent development of research on karst ecology in southwest China. <em>Scientia Geographica Sinica</em> 22: 365–370.</p>
<p>Li, Z.Y. & Wang, Y.Z. (2004) <em>Plants of Gesneriaceae in China</em>. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Zhengzhou, 721 pp.</p>
<p>Liu, J.Q., Sun, Y.S., Ge, X.J., Gao, L.M. & Qiu, Y.X. (2012) Phylogeographic studies of plants in China: Advances in the past and directions in the future. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 50: 267–275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2012.00214.x</p>
<p>Liu, Y., Xu, W.B. & Pan, B. (2010) <em>Wentsaiboea tiandengensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> and <em>W. luochengensis</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Gesneriaceae) from karst caves in Guangxi, southern China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 28: 739–745. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00893.x</p>
<p>López-Pujol, J., Zhang, F.M., Sun, H.Q., Ying, T.S. & Ge, S. (2011) Centres of plant endemism in China: Places for survival or for speciation? <em>Journal of Biogeography</em> 38: 1267–1280. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02504.x</p>
<p>Luo, W.H., Pan, B. & Wen, F. (2016) <em>Primulina gigantea</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 53: 426–430. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.053.0616</p>
<p>Luu, H.T., Nguyen, T.Q.T., Nguyen, Q.D. & Vu, N.L. (2018) <em>An updated species checklist of Gesneriaceae in Vietnam</em>.<em> In: </em>Proceeding of the third national scientific conference on biological research and teaching in Vietnam, Quy Nhon, pp. 16–24.</p>
<p>Ma, H.S., Pan, B. & Xu, W.B. (2017) <em>Primulina lutescens</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Gesneriaceae) from southern Guangxi, China. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 35: 687–691. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01487</p>
<p>Möller, M., Nishii, K., Atkins, H.J., Kong, H.H., Kang, M., Wei, Y.G., Wen, F., Hong, X. & Middleton, D.J. (2016) An expansion of the genus <em>Deinostigma</em> (Gesneriaceae). <em>Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore</em> 68: 145–172. https://doi.org/10.3850/s2382581216000119</p>
<p>Qin, H.N. & Liu, Y. (2010) <em>A checklist of vascular plants of Guangxi</em>. Science Press, Beijing, 625 pp.</p>
<p>Qin, Y., Yuan, Q., Xu, W.B. & Liu, Y. (2018) <em>Primulina yandongensis</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from southwestern Guangxi, China. <em>Taiwania</em> 63: 305–310. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2018.63.305</p>
<p>Qiu, Y.X., Fu, C.X. & Comes, H.P. (2011) Plant molecular phylogeography in China and adjacent regions: Tracing the genetic imprints of Quaternary climate and environmental change in the world’s most diverse temperate flora. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 59: 225–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.01.012</p>
<p>Tang, Z.Y., Wang, Z.H., Zheng, C.Y. & Fang, J.Y. (2006) Biodiversity in China’s mountains. <em>Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment</em> 4: 347–352. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0347:BICM]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Tong, Y.H., Wang, B.M., Vu, T.C. & Xia, N.H. (2020) <em>Primulina elegans</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from north Vietnam. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em>: e02942. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02942</p>
<p>Wang, W.T. (1981a) Notulae de Gesneriaceis sinensibus (ⅱ). <em>Bulletin of Botanical Research </em>1: 35–75.</p>
<p>Wang, W.T. (1981b) Quinque genera nova Gesneriacearum e sina. <em>Bulletin of Botanical Research </em>1: 21–51.</p>
<p>Wang, Y.-Z., Mao, R.B., Liu, Y., Li, J.M., Dong, Y., Li, Z.Y. & Smith, J.F. (2011) Phylogenetic reconstruction of <em>Chirita</em> and allies (Gesneriaceae) with taxonomic treatments. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 49: 50–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00113.x</p>
<p>Weber, A., Middleton, D.J., Forrest, A., Kiew, R., Lim, C.L., Rafidah, A., Sontag, S., Triboun, P., Wei, Y.G., Yao, T.L. & Möller, M. (2011) Molecular systematics and remodelling of Chirita and associated genera (Gesneriaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 60: 767–790. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.603012</p>
<p>Wei, Y.G. (2010) <em>Gesneriaceae of South China</em>. Guangxi Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanning, 777 pp.</p>
<p>Wei, Y.G. (2019) <em>The distribution and conservation status of native plants in Guangxi, China</em>. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, 876 pp.</p>
<p>Wei, Y.L., Li, C.Z., Chen, W.H., Luo, Q.K., Zhu, D.H. & Pan, T.W. (2018) Characteristics and formation and evolution analysis of the karst landscape of Guangxi. <em>Guangxi Sciences</em> 25: 465–504.</p>
<p>Xu, W.B. (2017) Gesneriaceae.<em> In: </em>Li, S.G. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Guangxi, Vol. 4.</em> Guangxi Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanning, pp. 624–744.</p>
<p>Xu, W.B., Pan, B., Huang, Y.S. & Liu, Y. (2011) <em>Chirita lijiangensis</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from limestone area in Guangxi, China. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 48: 188–190. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.048.0217</p>
<p>Xu, W.B., Zhang, Q., Wen, F., Liao, W.B., Pan, B., Chang, H. & Chung, K.F. (2012) Nine new combinations and one new name of <em>Primulina</em> (Gesneriaceae) from south China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 64: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.64.1.1</p>
<p>Zhao, B., Hong, X., Huang, S.L. & Wen, F. (2013) <em>Primulina crassirhizoma</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> (Gesneriaceae) from a limestone area along the boundary of Sino-Vietnam. <em>Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy</em> 20: 129–134. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i2.17387</p>
<p>Zhu, X.X., Wen, F. & Sun, H. (2014) <em>Primulina glandaceistriata</em> (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 188: 49–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.188.1.7</p>