Abstract
Heracleum kurdistanicum (Apiaceae; Tordylieae), a new subalpine species from Dalanpar Mountain, NW Iran, is described and illustrated. Heracleum kurdistanicum has no morphologically close relatives, but is compared with two most similar species: H. argaeum and H. schelkovnikovii. They differ in habit, leaves, fruits, and number and size of rays.
References
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Avakh-Hajishirkia’ee, F. (2014) Anatomical Study on Crataegus Species, Subser. Erianthae (Rosaceae) in Iran and its Taxonomical Implication. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran.
Boissier, E. (1872) Flora Orientalis, vol. 2. H. Georg, Geneva, 1159 pp.
Candolle, A.P. de (1830) Prodromus systematis regni vegetabilis, vol 4. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 683 pp.
Collins, T.J. (2007) ImageJ for microscopy. BioTechniques 43: 25–30.
Davis, P.H. (1972) Heracleum L. In: Davis, P.H., Chamberlain, D.F., Phil, D. & Matthews, V.A. (Eds.) Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands, vol. 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 488–500.
Dilcher, D.L. (1974) Approaches to the identification of angiosperm leaf remains. The Botanical Review 40 (1): 1–157.
Downie, S.R. & Katz-Downie, D.S. (1996) A molecular phylogeny of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. American Journal of Botany 83: 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1996.tb12701.x
Downie, S.R., Katz-Downie, D.S. & Watson, M.F. (2000a) A phylogeny of the flowering plant family Apiaceae based on chloroplast DNA rpl16 and rpoC1 intron sequences: towards a suprageneric classification of subfamily Apioideae. American Journal of Botany 87: 273–292. https://doi.org/10.2307/2656915
Downie, S.R., Ramanath, D., Katz-Downie, S. & Llanas, E. (1998) Molecular systematics of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer and plastid rpoC1 intron sequences. American Journal of Botany 85: 563–591. https://doi.org/10.2307/2446441
Downie, S.R., Spalik, K., Katz-Downie, D.S. & Reduron, J.P. (2010) Major clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Plant Diversity and Evolution 128: 111–136. https://doi.org/10.1127/1869-6155/2010/0128-0005
Downie, S.R., Watson, M.F., Spalik, K. & Katz-Downie, D.S. (2000b) Molecular systematics of Old World Apioideae (Apiaceae): relationships among some members of tribe Peucedaneae sensu lato, the placement of several island-endemic species, and resolution within the apioid superclade. Canadian Journal of Botany 78: 506–528. https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-029
Katz-Downie, D.S., Valiejo-Roman, C.M., Terentieva, E.I., Troitsky, A.V., Pimenov, M.G., Lee, B. & Downie, S.R. (1999) Towards a molecular phylogeny of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: Additional information from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution 216: 167–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01084397
Kljuykov, E., Terentieva, E., Samigullin, T., Ukrainskaja, U. & Lyskov, D. (2019) Tetrataenium kumaonense (Apiaceae), a new species from northern India, and the taxonomic assessment of Tetrataenium himalayense. Botany Letters 166 (4): 417–424.
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, vol. 1. L. Salvius, Stockholm, 560 pp.
Liu, M. & Downie, S.R. (2019) The phylogenetic significance of fruit anatomical and micromorphological structures in Chinese Heracleum species and related taxa (Apiaceae). Systematic Botany 42: 313–325. https://doi.org/10.1600/154823217X695539
Logacheva, M.D., Valiejo-Roman, C.M. & Pimenov, M.G. (2008) ITS phylogeny of West Asian Heracleum species and related taxa of Umbelliferae–Tordylieae WDJ Koch, with notes on evolution of their psbA-trnH sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution 270: 139–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0619-x
Luft, J.H. (1961) Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology 9 (2): 409–414. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.9.2.409
Mandenova, I.P. (1950) Caucasian species of the genus Heracleum. Izdatel’stvo Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoj SSR, Tbilisi, 104 pp. (In Russian).
Mandenova, I.P. (1951) Heracleum. In: Schischkin, B.K. (ed.), Flora of the USSR, vol. 17. pp. 161‒185. [translated from Russian] Israel Prog. Sci. Transl., Jerusalem.
Mandenova, I.P. (1959) Materialy po sistematike triby Pastinaceae K.-Pol. emend. Manden. (Umbelliferae – Apioideae) [Materials on systematics of the tribe Pastinaceae K.-Pol. emend. Manden. (Umbelliferae – Apioideae)]. Trudy Tbilisskogo Botanicheskogo Instituta 20: 3–57.
Mandenova, I.P. (1962) Taxonomic review of Turkish species of Heracleum. Notes from the Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh 24: 173–181.
Mandenova, I.P. (1981) Conspectus systematis generis Heracleum L. (Umbelliferae). Zametki po Sistematike i Geografii Rastenii 37: 19–20.
Mandenova, I.P. (1987) Heracleum, Tetrataenium. In: Rechinger, H.K. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 162. Akad. Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 492−506.
Meyer, C.A. (1831) Verzeichniss der Pflanzen, welche während der auf Allerhöchsten Befehl in den Jahren 1829 und 1830 unternommenen Reise im Caucasus und in den Provinzen am westlichen Ufer des Caspischen Meeres gefunden und eingesammelt worden sind. St.-Petersburg, 241 p.
Mozaffarian, V. (2007) Umbelliferae. In: Assadi, M. & Maassoumi, A.A. (Eds.) Flora of Iran, vol. 54. Research Institute of Forests and Regelands, Tehran, pp. 1–596. [in Persian].
Ostroumova, T.A. (2019) Heracleum. In: Kadereit, J.W. & Bittrich, V. (eds.) The Familes and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol. 15. Springer, Cham, p. 137.
Pimenov, M.G., Leonov, M.V., van Wyk, B.E. & Tilney, P.M. (2004) Asia, the continent with the highest Umbelliferae biodiversity. South African Journal of Botany 70: 417–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30224-6
Pimenov, M.G. & Leonov, M.V. (1993) Genera of the Umbelliferae, A Nomenclator. Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, 156 pp.
Pu, F.D. & Watson, M.F. (2005) Heracleum L. In: Flora of China Editorial Committee (ed) Flora of China, vol 14. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis & Science Publishers, Beijing, pp 195–202.
Sass, J.E. (1951) Botanical Microtechnique, 2nd Ed. Iowa State College Press. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5706
Thiers, B. (2020+) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 18 May 2020)
Townsend, C.C. (1964) Notes on Umbelliferae of Iraq: I. Kew Bulletin 17 (3): 427–439. https://doi.org/10.2307/4113801
Townsend, C.C. (2013) Apiaceae. In: Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmondson, J.R. (Eds.) Flora of Iraq, vol. 5 (2). Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, pp. 1–349.
Xiao, Q.Y., Yu, Y., Xie, D.F., Guo, X.L. & He, X.J. (2017) Taxonomic revision of Angelica oncosepala and Heracleum yunnanense. Nordic Journal of Botany 36 (3): e01563. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01563
Yu, Y., Downie, S.R., He, X., Deng, X. & Yan, L. (2011) Phylogeny and biogeography of Chinese Heracleum (Apiaceae tribe Tordylieae) with comments on their fruit morphology. Plant Systematics and Evolution 296: 179–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0486-3
Zhou, J., Gong, X., Downie, S.R. & Peng, H. (2009) Towards a more robust molecular phylogeny of Chinese Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: additional evidence from nrDNA ITS and cpDNA intron (rpl16 and rps16) sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53: 56–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.029
Zhou, J., Peng, H., Downie, S.R., Liu, Z.W. & Gong, X. (2008) A molecular phylogeny of Chinese Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Taxon 57: 402–416. https://doi.org/10.2307/25066012
Avakh-Hajishirkia’ee, F. (2014) Anatomical Study on Crataegus Species, Subser. Erianthae (Rosaceae) in Iran and its Taxonomical Implication. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran.
Boissier, E. (1872) Flora Orientalis, vol. 2. H. Georg, Geneva, 1159 pp.
Candolle, A.P. de (1830) Prodromus systematis regni vegetabilis, vol 4. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 683 pp.
Collins, T.J. (2007) ImageJ for microscopy. BioTechniques 43: 25–30.
Davis, P.H. (1972) Heracleum L. In: Davis, P.H., Chamberlain, D.F., Phil, D. & Matthews, V.A. (Eds.) Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands, vol. 4. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 488–500.
Dilcher, D.L. (1974) Approaches to the identification of angiosperm leaf remains. The Botanical Review 40 (1): 1–157.
Downie, S.R. & Katz-Downie, D.S. (1996) A molecular phylogeny of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. American Journal of Botany 83: 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1996.tb12701.x
Downie, S.R., Katz-Downie, D.S. & Watson, M.F. (2000a) A phylogeny of the flowering plant family Apiaceae based on chloroplast DNA rpl16 and rpoC1 intron sequences: towards a suprageneric classification of subfamily Apioideae. American Journal of Botany 87: 273–292. https://doi.org/10.2307/2656915
Downie, S.R., Ramanath, D., Katz-Downie, S. & Llanas, E. (1998) Molecular systematics of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer and plastid rpoC1 intron sequences. American Journal of Botany 85: 563–591. https://doi.org/10.2307/2446441
Downie, S.R., Spalik, K., Katz-Downie, D.S. & Reduron, J.P. (2010) Major clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Plant Diversity and Evolution 128: 111–136. https://doi.org/10.1127/1869-6155/2010/0128-0005
Downie, S.R., Watson, M.F., Spalik, K. & Katz-Downie, D.S. (2000b) Molecular systematics of Old World Apioideae (Apiaceae): relationships among some members of tribe Peucedaneae sensu lato, the placement of several island-endemic species, and resolution within the apioid superclade. Canadian Journal of Botany 78: 506–528. https://doi.org/10.1139/b00-029
Katz-Downie, D.S., Valiejo-Roman, C.M., Terentieva, E.I., Troitsky, A.V., Pimenov, M.G., Lee, B. & Downie, S.R. (1999) Towards a molecular phylogeny of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: Additional information from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution 216: 167–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01084397
Kljuykov, E., Terentieva, E., Samigullin, T., Ukrainskaja, U. & Lyskov, D. (2019) Tetrataenium kumaonense (Apiaceae), a new species from northern India, and the taxonomic assessment of Tetrataenium himalayense. Botany Letters 166 (4): 417–424.
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, vol. 1. L. Salvius, Stockholm, 560 pp.
Liu, M. & Downie, S.R. (2019) The phylogenetic significance of fruit anatomical and micromorphological structures in Chinese Heracleum species and related taxa (Apiaceae). Systematic Botany 42: 313–325. https://doi.org/10.1600/154823217X695539
Logacheva, M.D., Valiejo-Roman, C.M. & Pimenov, M.G. (2008) ITS phylogeny of West Asian Heracleum species and related taxa of Umbelliferae–Tordylieae WDJ Koch, with notes on evolution of their psbA-trnH sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution 270: 139–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0619-x
Luft, J.H. (1961) Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology 9 (2): 409–414. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.9.2.409
Mandenova, I.P. (1950) Caucasian species of the genus Heracleum. Izdatel’stvo Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoj SSR, Tbilisi, 104 pp. (In Russian).
Mandenova, I.P. (1951) Heracleum. In: Schischkin, B.K. (ed.), Flora of the USSR, vol. 17. pp. 161‒185. [translated from Russian] Israel Prog. Sci. Transl., Jerusalem.
Mandenova, I.P. (1959) Materialy po sistematike triby Pastinaceae K.-Pol. emend. Manden. (Umbelliferae – Apioideae) [Materials on systematics of the tribe Pastinaceae K.-Pol. emend. Manden. (Umbelliferae – Apioideae)]. Trudy Tbilisskogo Botanicheskogo Instituta 20: 3–57.
Mandenova, I.P. (1962) Taxonomic review of Turkish species of Heracleum. Notes from the Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh 24: 173–181.
Mandenova, I.P. (1981) Conspectus systematis generis Heracleum L. (Umbelliferae). Zametki po Sistematike i Geografii Rastenii 37: 19–20.
Mandenova, I.P. (1987) Heracleum, Tetrataenium. In: Rechinger, H.K. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 162. Akad. Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 492−506.
Meyer, C.A. (1831) Verzeichniss der Pflanzen, welche während der auf Allerhöchsten Befehl in den Jahren 1829 und 1830 unternommenen Reise im Caucasus und in den Provinzen am westlichen Ufer des Caspischen Meeres gefunden und eingesammelt worden sind. St.-Petersburg, 241 p.
Mozaffarian, V. (2007) Umbelliferae. In: Assadi, M. & Maassoumi, A.A. (Eds.) Flora of Iran, vol. 54. Research Institute of Forests and Regelands, Tehran, pp. 1–596. [in Persian].
Ostroumova, T.A. (2019) Heracleum. In: Kadereit, J.W. & Bittrich, V. (eds.) The Familes and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol. 15. Springer, Cham, p. 137.
Pimenov, M.G., Leonov, M.V., van Wyk, B.E. & Tilney, P.M. (2004) Asia, the continent with the highest Umbelliferae biodiversity. South African Journal of Botany 70: 417–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30224-6
Pimenov, M.G. & Leonov, M.V. (1993) Genera of the Umbelliferae, A Nomenclator. Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, 156 pp.
Pu, F.D. & Watson, M.F. (2005) Heracleum L. In: Flora of China Editorial Committee (ed) Flora of China, vol 14. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis & Science Publishers, Beijing, pp 195–202.
Sass, J.E. (1951) Botanical Microtechnique, 2nd Ed. Iowa State College Press. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5706
Thiers, B. (2020+) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 18 May 2020)
Townsend, C.C. (1964) Notes on Umbelliferae of Iraq: I. Kew Bulletin 17 (3): 427–439. https://doi.org/10.2307/4113801
Townsend, C.C. (2013) Apiaceae. In: Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmondson, J.R. (Eds.) Flora of Iraq, vol. 5 (2). Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, pp. 1–349.
Xiao, Q.Y., Yu, Y., Xie, D.F., Guo, X.L. & He, X.J. (2017) Taxonomic revision of Angelica oncosepala and Heracleum yunnanense. Nordic Journal of Botany 36 (3): e01563. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01563
Yu, Y., Downie, S.R., He, X., Deng, X. & Yan, L. (2011) Phylogeny and biogeography of Chinese Heracleum (Apiaceae tribe Tordylieae) with comments on their fruit morphology. Plant Systematics and Evolution 296: 179–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0486-3
Zhou, J., Gong, X., Downie, S.R. & Peng, H. (2009) Towards a more robust molecular phylogeny of Chinese Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: additional evidence from nrDNA ITS and cpDNA intron (rpl16 and rps16) sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53: 56–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.029
Zhou, J., Peng, H., Downie, S.R., Liu, Z.W. & Gong, X. (2008) A molecular phylogeny of Chinese Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Taxon 57: 402–416. https://doi.org/10.2307/25066012