Abstract
This study presents a taxonomic treatment of all Andreaea species (Andreaeaceae, Bryophyta) occurring in Brazil. Within the Brazilian Biomes, the species are restricted to the Atlantic Forest and found on granite or gnaiss outcrops from 1,000 to 2,880 m elev. Based on the 8 taxa previously cited from the country (five of these considered as endemics), 3 species are currently recognized. Four species and one variety previously described from Brazil as endemic (A. microphylla Müll. Hal., A. spurioalpina Müll. Hal., A. spurioalpina Müll. Hal. var. rubricalyx Müll. Hal., A.squarrosofiliformis Müll. Hal.) and A. striata Mitt. are here proposed as synonyms of Andreaea rupestris Hedw.