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Issue: Vol. 373 No. 1: 23 October 2018
Type: Article
Published: 2018-10-23
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.2
Page range: 53–70
Abstract views: 17
PDF downloaded: 10

Molecular and cytological evidences denied the immediate-hybrid hypothesis for Saxifraga yuparensis (sect. Bronchiales, Saxifragaceae) endemic to Mt. Yubari in Hokkaido, northern Japan

Division of Environmental Resources, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
Botanical Garden-Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makovskii Str. 142, Vladivostok, 690024, Russia
Botanical Garden-Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makovskii Str. 142, Vladivostok, 690024, Russia
Botanical Garden-Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makovskii Str. 142, Vladivostok, 690024, Russia
Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve, Ministry of Nature Resources and Environment, Terney, 692150, Russia
Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Institute of Geography, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683000, Russia
Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Naruko-onsen, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, Japan
Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Naruko-onsen, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, Japan
Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Naruko-onsen, Osaki 989-6711, Miyagi, Japan
Hakuba-Goryu Alpine Botanical Garden, Hakuba 399-9211, Japan
The Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
The Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hokkaido Research Organization, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hokkaido Research Organization, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
Botanic Garden, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0003, Japan
Botanic Garden, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0003, Japan
Alpine plant Bronchiales diabasic plant genome-wide SNP hybrid Japan MIG-seq Russia Saxifraga tetraploid

Abstract

SAYA TAMURA, TOMOKO FUKUDA, ELENA A. PIMENOVA, EKATERINA A. PETRUNENKO, PAVEL V. KRESTOV, SVETLANA N. BONDARCHUK, OLGA A. CHERNYAGINA, YOSHIHISA SUYAMA, YOSHIHIRO TSUNAMOTO, AYUMU MATSUO, HAYATO TSUBOI, HIDEKI TAKAHASHI, KEN SATO, YOKO NISHIKAWA, TAKASHI SHIMAMURA, HIROKO FUJITA & KOH NAKAMURA An alpine plant Saxifraga yuparensis is endemic to a scree consisting of greenschist of Mt. Yubari in Hokkaido, Japan and it has been proposed as an immediate hybrid derived from two species of the same section Bronchiales based on morphological intermediacy: namely S. nishidae, a diploid species endemic to a nearby cliff composed of greenschist and tetraploid S. rebunshirensis comparatively broadly distributed in Japan and Russian Far East. Saxifraga yuparensis is red-listed and it is crucial for conservation planning to clarify whether this is an immediate hybrid and lacks a unique gene pool. The immediate-hybrid hypothesis was tested by molecular and cytological data. In nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA trees based on maximum parsimony and Bayesian criteria, S. yuparensis and S. rebunshirensis formed a clade with several other congeners while S. nishidae formed another distinct clade. Genome-wide SNP data clearly separated these three species in principal coordinate space, placing S. yuparensis not in-between of S. rebunshirensis and S. nishidae. Chromosome observation indicated that S. yuparensis is tetraploid, not triploid directly derived from diploid-tetraploid crossing. Additionally, observation of herbarium specimens revealed that leaf apex shape of S. yuparensis fell within the variation of S. rebunshirensis. These results indicate that S. yuparensis is not an immediate hybrid of S. rebunshirensis and S. nishidae but a distinct lineage and an extremely narrow endemic species, that deserves for intensive conservation.