Abstract
Aeschynomene veadeirana, a new species from the highlands of the state of Goiás, Brazil, is described and illustrated here. This species is closer to A. viscidula but differs from it in stems and branches predominantly puberulous to sparsely hispidulous or glabrescent, leaflets preponderantly oblong with revolute, ciliate margins, apressed trichomes, wing petals dorsally overlapping, and fruits pubescent, not reflexed or viscous. The geographical distribution, status of conservation, phenology of the new species, and a key to the species of Aeschynomene sect. Ochopodium ser. Viscidulae which occur in Brazil are provided. Also, the synonymization of A. gilbertoi under A. viscidula is herein proposed.