Abstract
Chamaecrista frondosa from Brazil is described, illustrated, and discussed herein. This species is morphologically similar to C. psoraleopsis in its general leaflet shape and belongs to Chamaecrista sect. Absus series Microphyllae due to its caespitose, subshrubby habit, young branches, inflorescence axis, and pedicel with glandular trichomes, leaflets resin-dotted, ascending in the rachis and partly facing each other, as well as flowers with 10 fertile stamens. The species appears to be restricted to Cerrado sensu stricto and rocky fields in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, an area with notable endemism. A key to the species of Chamaecrista sect. Absus series Microphyllae occurring in the region is provided.