Abstract
Huperzia nanlingensis sp. nov. (Lycopodiaceae) is described as a new species from southern China. The distinguishing characters, description, ecology, conservation status, detailed illustrations and photographs are provided. The species resembles H. serrata in leaf shape and serrations on the margin of leaves. However, it is clearly separated as a distinct species on the basis of quantitative morphology, anatomy, and molecular evidence. Although the observed morphological differences between these two species are superficially subtle, H. nanlingensis can be distinguished from H. serrata by purple coloration at the tip and base of leaves, higher number of teeth on one side of the tropophyll, higher seasonal index and slightly crispate leaf margin.