Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 704 No. 2: 6 Jun. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-06-06
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.704.2.5
Page range: 178-186
Abstract views: 1011
PDF downloaded: 21

A new simple-lamina species of Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Lingnan Region, China

Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Laboratory of Forestry, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530002, China
College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
Tianjingshan Forest Farm of Guangdong Province, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512726, China
China National Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Center for Integrative Conservation & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Laboratory of Forestry, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi 530002, China
Cyrtomidictyum fern phylogeny taxonomy whip-like leaves Pteridophytes

Abstract

Polystichum ensiforme, a new polystichoid fern species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, the new species most closely resembles P. basipinnatum but differs in having a generally simple lamina, scattered sori, and leathery lamina texture. Phylogenetic analysis placed it as an isolated clade within P. sect. Cyrtomiopsis. A key to the species of P. sect. Cyrtomiopsis is also provided.

References

  1. Baker, J.G. (1889) New fern from western China. Journal of Botany, British and foreign 27 (6): 176–178.
  2. Ching, R.C. (1940) The studies of Chinese ferns—XXXIII. Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology/Botanical Series 10 (3): 173–184.
  3. Ching, R.C. (1957) Cyrtomidictyum Ching, a yet little known Chinese fern genus. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 6: 255–266.
  4. Deng, M., Lin, L., Liu, L.T., Huang, S.X., Tu, Y., Lu, Z.C. & Huang, J. (2024) Quercus zhekunii M.Deng & J.Huang, a new sclerophyllous oak from Guangxi, southwest China. Nordic Journal of Botany e04512: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.04512
  5. Diels, L. (1899) Polypodiaceae. In: Engler, H.G.A. & Prantl, K.A.E. (Eds.) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 1 (4). pp. 139–339.
  6. Du, X.Y., Lu, J.M., Zhang, L.B., Wen, J., Kuo, L.Y., Mynssen, C.M., Schneider, H. & Li, D.Z. (2021) Simultaneous diversification of Polypodiales and angiosperms in the Mesozoic. Cladistics 37: 518–539. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12457
  7. Fan, R., Ma, W., Liu, S. & Huang, Q. (2021) Integrated analysis of three newly sequenced fern chloroplast genomes: Genome structure and comparative analysis. Ecology and Evolution 11: 4550–4563. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7350
  8. Huang, J., Chen, B., Liu, C., Lai, J., Zhang, J. & Ma, K. (2012) Identifying hotspots of endemic woody seed plant diversity in China. Diversity and Distributions 18: 673–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00845.x
  9. Jiang, Y.L., Li, J.L., Milne, R.I., Nguyen, K.S., Han, Z.T., Huang, Y.S., Xu, W.B., Liu, Y. & Mao, K.S. (2024) Biogeographic, climatic, morphological, cytological and molecular data reveal a new diploid species from China in the genus Xanthocyparis (Cupressaceae). Taxon 73: 1170–1186. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13246
  10. Jin, J.J., Yu, W.B., Yang, J.B., Song, Y., de Pamphilis, C.W., Yi, T.S. & Li, D.Z. (2020) GetOrganelle: a fast and versatile toolkit for accurate de novo assembly of organelle genomes. Genome biology 21: 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-020-02154-5
  11. Katoh, K. & Standley, D.M. (2013) MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30: 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010
  12. Le Péchon, T., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.M., Gao, X.F. & Zhang, L.B. (2016) Using a multilocus phylogeny to test morphology-based classifications of one of the largest fern genera Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae). BMC Evolutionary Biology 16: 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0626-z
  13. Li, C.X., Lu, S.G. & Barrington, D.S. (2008) Phylogeny of Chinese Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) based on chloroplast DNA sequence data (trnL-F and rps4-trnS). Journal of Plant Research 121: 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-007-0120-1
  14. Liang, S.H., Qin, B., Huang, Y.H., Tang, L.M., Zhang, Z.J., Li, C., He, Y.H., Jiang, R.H. & Li, J.L. (2023) Prunus quanzhouensis: a newly discovered species of Prunus subgen. Cerasus (Rosaceae) from northeastern Guangxi, China. Phytotaxa 622 (4): 252–259. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.622.4.2
  15. Liu, H.M., Zhang, X.C., Wang, W. & Zeng, H. (2010) Phylogeny and systematic position of two endemic fern genera Cyrtomidictyum and Cyrtogonellum (Dryopteridaceae) from East Asia: evidence from four chloroplast DNA markers. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 10: 57–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-010-0010-6
  16. Luo, J.J., Shang, H., Xue, Z.Q., Wang, Y., Dai, X.L., Shen, H. & Yan, Y.H. (2024) Genome-wide data reveal bi-direction and asymmetrical hybridization origin of a fern species Microlepia matthewii. Frontier in Plant Science 15: 1392990. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1392990
  17. Nong, Y., Lei, L.Q., Zhao, Z.Y., Wei, G.Y., Xu, C.G., Feng, B., Qu, X.C. & Jiang, R.H. (2024) Cyrtomium adenotrichum (Dryopteridaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. PhytoKeys 243: 199–207. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.243.127579
  18. Presl, C. (1836) Tentamen Pteridographiae. Theophilus Haase, Prague, 290 pp.
  19. Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61: 539–542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
  20. Roth, A.W. (1800) Tentamen Florae Germanicae, vol. 3. Gleditsch, Leipzig, 578 pp.
  21. Shang, H., Xue, Z.Q., Liang, Z.L., Kessler, M., Pollawatn, R., Lu, N.T., Gu, Y.F., Fan, X.P., Tan, Y.H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.M., Wan, X. & Zhang, L.B. (2023) Splitting one species into 22: an unusual tripling of molecular, morphological, and geographical differentiation in the fern family Didymochlaenaceae (Polypodiales). Cladistics 39: 273–292. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12539
  22. Stamatakis, A. (2006) RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22: 2688–2690. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btl446
  23. Swofford, D. (2003) PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4.0b10. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA, USA.
  24. Talavera, G. & Castresana, J. (2007) Improvement of phylogenies after removing divergent and ambiguously aligned blocks from protein sequence alignments. Systematic Biology 56: 564–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150701472164
  25. Tagawa, M. (1940) Polystichum of Japan, Korea and Formosa I. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 9: 119–138.
  26. Tu, W.Q., Wang, Y.Z., Gao, Y.D., Zhang, L.B. & Zhang, Y.M. (2020) The first complete chloroplast genome of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B 5: 441–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1704198
  27. Zhang, L.B. & Barrington, D.S. (2013) Polystichum. In: Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) Flora of China, vols. 2–3. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 629–713.
  28. Zhang, L.B. (2012) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from China. Phytotaxa 60: 57–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.60.1.8
  29. Zuo, Z.Y., Rouhan, G., Dong, S.Y., Liu, H.M., Du, X.Y., Zhang, L.B. & Lu, J.M. (2024) A revised classification of Dryopteridaceae based on plastome phylogenomics and morphological evidence, with the description of a new genus, Pseudarachniodes. Plant Diversity 47: 34–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2024.07.010

How to Cite

Shang, H., Li, J.-L., Li, Z.-Y., Shao, W., Li, F.-H., Li, D., Liu, H.-M. & Jiang, R.-H. (2025) A new simple-lamina species of Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Lingnan Region, China. Phytotaxa 704 (2): 178–186. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.704.2.5