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Issue: Vol. 656 No. 1: 27 Jun. 2024
Type: Monograph
Published: 2024-06-27
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.656.1.1
Page range: 1-197
Abstract views: 366
PDF downloaded: 16

Revision of Monstera (Araceae: Monsteroideae) of Central America

P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U.S.A.
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Herbario Luis Fournier Origgi (USJ), Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo.11501−2060, San José, Costa Rica. Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apartado 302-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica.
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama City, Republic of Panamá. Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA AIP), Clayton, Panama City, Panama.
Araceae Central America Monstera Monsteroideae New species Monocots

Abstract

Monstera is the taxonomically least understood genus in the Araceae family in Mesoamerica. Identification is further complicated by drastic phenotypic changes from juvenile to adult stages and the precocious flowering of some species. The reliability of traditional taxonomic characters is uncertain, as they have been primarily studied in dry herbarium specimens, with their variability in natural populations and living plants remaining largely unknown. To enhance the taxonomy of Monstera, a comprehensive revision of Central America species was conducted. This involved: (1) an exhaustive literature review; (2) examining 4500 specimens from different herbaria, including most type specimens; (3) extensive fieldwork to document plant morphology at different developmental stages through photography and herbarium preparation; and (4) circumscribing species using the gathered data. This study recognizes 52 native species in Central America. Three species are newly described here M. coclensis, M. harrisoneorum, and M. ngabensis, and one is new record for Panama. For each species, detailed morphological descriptions, habitat information, phenology, conservation status, examined specimen lists, taxonomic and nomenclatural comments, and photographs of key morphological traits are provided.

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