Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 646 No. 1: 30 Apr. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-04-30
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.646.1.3
Page range: 47-57
Abstract views: 38
PDF downloaded: 2

Rediscover of the Iranian endemic alpine Arenaria bulica after 139 years and note of the related species (Caryophyllaceae)

Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Arenaria minutissima Arenaria semiromica Bol mt. Chasmophyte Fars Synonymous Zagros Eudicots

Abstract

The Zagros Mountain range is one of the biodiversity centers with the highest percent of endemic species in Iran. There are several peaks with more than 4000 m high in Zagros hosting many rare alpine species. Arenaria is one of the morphological complicated genera with a large number of species and endemism in SW-Asia with an high species concentration in Turkey and Iran. By recollecting the rare and endemic species of Arenaria bulica from locus classicus after 139 years and examining the herbarium specimens, it was found that the two species, A. minutissima and A. semiromica can be considered as its synonyms. A detailed description, original photos, habitat, distribution map, phytogeography, conservation status, seed micromorphology and growth form have been provided and discussed.

References

  1. Amini, E., Zarre, Sh. & Assadi, M. (2011) Seed micro-morphology and its systematic significance in Gypsophila (Caryophyllaceae) and allied genera. Nordic Journal of Botany 29 (6): 660–669. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01208.x
  2. Arabi, Z., Ghahremaninejad, F., Rabeler, R.K., Heubl, G. & Zarre, Sh. (2017) Seed micromorphology and its systematic significance in tribe Alsineae (Caryophyllaceae). Flora 234: 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2017.07.004
  3. Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCat: geospatial conservation assessment tool. Zookeys 150: 117–126.https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
  4. Bittrich, V. (1993) Caryophyllaceae Juss. In: Kubitzki K. (Ed.) Families and genera of vascular plants. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 206–236.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02899-5_21
  5. Boissier, P.E. (1846a) Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium novarum ser. 6. B. Herman, Leipzig, 136 pp.
  6. Boissier, P.E. (1846b) Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium novarum ser. 7. B. Herman, Leipzig, 130 pp.
  7. Bornmüller, J. (1907) Beiträge zur Flora der Elbursgebirge Nord-Persiens. Bulletin de L’Herbier Boissier 7 (2): 425–436.
  8. Boucher, F.C., Lavergne, S., Basile, M., Choler, P. & Aubert, S. (2016) Evolution and biogeography of the cushion life form in angiosperms. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 20: 22–31.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2016.03.002
  9. Candolle, A.P. de (1815) Flore franҫaise, ed. 3, vol. 5 (= tome 4). chez Desray, Paris, 598 pp.
  10. Charter, A. & Halliday, G. (1993) Arenaria L. In: Tutin, T.G., Burges, N.A., Chater, A.O., Edmondson, J.R., Heywood, V.H., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (Eds.) Flora Europaea. Psilotaceae to Platanaceae, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 3–215.
  11. Czerepanov, S.K. (1981) Sosudistye Rasteniia SSSR. Akademiia nauk SSR, Leningrad, 509 pp.
  12. Fadaie, F. (2013) Three new species and a key to the species of the genus Arenaria L. (Caryophyllaceae). in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 19 (1): 32–39. https://doi.org/10.22092/IJB.2013.2990
  13. Fadaie, F. (2023) Arenaria L. In: Assadi, M. & Maassoumi, A. (Eds.) Flora of Iran, vol. 168. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, pp. 6–63.
  14. Fadaie, F., Sheidai, M. & Assadi, M. (2010) A new species of the genus Arenaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) from Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 16 (2): 218–220.
  15. Ghahremaninejad, F., Rostami Ghadi, Z., Assadi, M. & Nejad Falatoury, A. (2019) A new species of Bufonia L. (Caryophyllaceae) from the Kordestan province (Iran). Adansonia 41 (1): 177–182. https://doi.org/10.5252/adansonia2019v41a13
  16. Grossheim, A.A. (1927) Iter persicum primum. Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 44 (2): 199–247.
  17. Harbaugh, D.T., Nepokroeff, M., Rabeler, R.K., McNeill, J., Zimmer, E.A. & Wagner, W.L. (2010) A new lineage-based tribal classification of the family Caryophyllaceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 171 (2): 185–198. [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/648993]
  18. Hedge, I.C. (1982) Salvia L. In: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 150. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 403–476.
  19. Hedge, I.C. & Wendelbo, P. (1978) Patterns of distribution and endemism in Iran. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 36: 441–464.
  20. Hoseini, E., Assadi, M., Nejati Edalatiyan, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2017) Seed micromorphology and its implication in subgeneric classification of Silene (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae). Flora 228: 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2017.01.006
  21. Iamonico, D. (2014) Arenaria tenuifolia versus Arenaria hybrida (Caryophyllaceae): nomenclatural study and taxonomic implications. Phytotaxa 173 (3): 235–240. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.173.3.6
  22. Iamonico, D. (2016) Nomenclatural notes on four Linnaean names in Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 65 (3): 610–616. https://doi.org/10.12705/653.13
  23. Ikonnikov, S.S. (1973) Notae de Caryophyllaceis, 1. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rastenii 10: 136–142.
  24. IUCN (2023) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 12. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/ documents/Red List Guidelines.pdf (accessed 27 March 2024)
  25. Kittel, M. B. (1844) Taschenbuch der Flora Deutschlands: zum Gebrauche auf botanischen Excursionen, ed 2, vol. 2. Nürnberg: Schrag, 1230 pp. [https://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10304237-7]
  26. Koç, M., Hamzaoğlu, E. & Özhatay, F.N. (2014) Arenaria microcalyx (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany 38 (4): 653–657. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1311-27
  27. Lazkov, G.A. (2003) A new species of Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae) from Iran. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 88 (7): 94–96 [In Russian]
  28. Lazkov, G.A. & Sennikov, A.N. (2020) Arenaria kandavanensis is a synonym of A. fursei and belongs in Eremogone (Caryophyllaceae). Annales Botanici Fennici 57: 185–190.https://doi.org/10.5735/085.057.0126
  29. Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum, vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 560 pp.
  30. McNeill J. (1963) Taxonomic studies in the Alsinoideae, II. A revision of the species in the Orient. Notes from the Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh 24: 241–426.
  31. Mahdavi, M., Assadi, M., Fallahian, F. & Nejadsattari, T. (2012) The systematic significance of seed micro-morphology in Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) and its closest relatives in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 18 (2): 302–310. https://doi.org/10.22092/IJB.2016.101514
  32. Mahmoodi, M. & Nejad Falatoury, A. (2017) Allochrusa lutea (Caryophylloideae, Caryophyllaceae) a new species from Iran. Phytotaxa 277 (2): 191–198. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.277.2.6
  33. McNeill, J. (1962) Taxonomic studies in the Alsinoideae. I. Generic and infra-generic groups. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 24: 79–155.
  34. Montesinos-Tubée, D.B. & Iamonico, D. (2023) Neotypification for five names linked to Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae) for the endemic flora of Peru and Bolivia. Phytokeys 230: 131–144. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.107263
  35. Nejad Falatoury, A. & Assadi, M. (2018) Gypsophila hispida, A New record for flora of Iran. Nova Biologica Reperta 5 (3): 327–333. https://doi.org/10.29252/nbr.5.3.329
  36. Nejad Falatoury, A., Assadi, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2015) A new species of Gypsophila (Caryophyllaceae) from Iran. Phytotaxa 222 (4): 276–282. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.222.4.5
  37. Nejad Falatoury, A., Assadi, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2016a) Gypsophila yazdiana (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Iran. Novon 24(4): 347–351. https://doi.org/10.3417/2015014
  38. Nejad Falatoury, A., Assadi, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2016b) Gypsophila pseudopallida, a new species, and Gypsophila transcaucasica a new record of sect. Paniculaeformes from the North West of Iran. Phyton-Annales Rei Botanicae 56 (1): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.12905/0380.phyton56(1)2016-0001
  39. Nejad Falatoury, A., Assadi, M. & Ghahremaninejad, F. (2016c) New species and new synonymy in the genus Gypsophila L. subgenus Pseudosaponaria Williams (Caryophyllaceae). Adansonia 38 (2): 257–265. https://doi.org/10.5252/a2016n2a9
  40. Nejad Falatoury, A., Ghahremaninejad, F. & Assadi, M. (2017) Palynological study of the genus Gypsophila in Iran. Rostaniha 18 (1): 16–32. https://doi.org/10.22092/BOTANY.2017.113228
  41. Pahlevani, A.H., Liede-Schumann, S. & Akhani, H. (2020a) Diversity, distribution, endemism and conservation status of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in SW Asia and adjacent countries. Plant Systematics and Evolution 306: 80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-020-01705-4
  42. Pahlevani, A.H., Maassoumi, A.A. & Kazempour-Osaloo, S. (2020b) What is Astragalus wiesneri? Disentangling a new species from its relatives in section Anthylloidei. Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 77 (2): e103. https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2573
  43. POWO (2024) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 27 March 2024)
  44. Rabeler, R.K. & Hartman, R.L. (2005) Caryophyllaceae Juss. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Org.) Flora of North America, north of Mexico: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, vol. 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 3–215.
  45. Rechinger, K.H. (1988) Arenaria L. In: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 163. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 6–28.
  46. Rechinger, K.H. (1951) Caryophyllaceae novae persicae, afghanicae et kurdicae. Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 75 (3): 342–364.
  47. Rechinger, K.H. & Schiman-Czeika, H. (1974) Acantholimon Boiss. In: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 108. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 27–154.
  48. Rivers, M.C., Bachman, S.P., Meagher, T.R., NicLughadha, E. & Brummitt, N.A. (2010) Subpopulations, locations and fragmentation: applying IUCN red list criteria to herbarium specimen data. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 2071–2085. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-010-9826-9
  49. Sadeghian, S., Zarre, S. & Heubl, G. (2014) Systematic implication of seed micromorphology in Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae) and allied genera. Flora 209 (9): 513–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2014.07.004
  50. Sadeghian, S., Zarre, S., Heubl, G. & Rabeller, R.K. (2015) Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae: tribe Arenarieae) and its allies inferred from nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer and plastid DNA rps16 sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 178: 648–669. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12293
  51. Schulz, O.E. (1924) Cruciferae-Sisymbrieae. IV. In: Engler, H.G.A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich, vol. 105 (Heft 86). Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1–388.
  52. Sennikov, A.N. & Lazkov, G.A. (2020) Taxonomic revision of two Iranian Arenaria endemics reveals further synonyms in Eremogone (Caryophyllaceae). Annales Botanici Fennici 57: 223–226.https://doi.org/10.5735/085.057.0405
  53. Thiers, B.M. (2024+ continuously updated) Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium. Available from: https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 27 March 2024)
  54. Van der Maesen, L.J.G. (1979) Cicer L. In: Rechinger K.H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 140. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 1–15.
  55. Wagenitz, G. (1986) Centaurea in south-west Asia: Patterns of distribution and diversity. – Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section B 89: 11–21.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000008861
  56. Zhengyi, W., Zhou, L. & Wagner, W. (2001) Arenaria L. In: Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y (Eds.) Flora of China, vol. 6 (Caryophyllaceae through Lardizabalaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, pp. 40–66.
  57. Zhou, L.H. (1996) On the geographical distribution of Arenaria L. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 3: 229–241.