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Issue: Vol. 619 No. 1: 5 Oct. 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-10-05
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.1.1
Page range: 1-38
Abstract views: 206
PDF downloaded: 19

A review of the infrageneric classifications proposed for Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) from the earliest times up to 2000

Ria Olivier Herbarium; Department of Botany; Nelson Mandela University; P.O. Box 77000; Gqeberha; 6031 South Africa
Eudicots section subgenus subsection taxonomic history

Abstract

The infrageneric classifications, especially at the ranks of subgenus, section, and subsection proposed for Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) from the early 1800s up to the end of the 20th century, are analysed. The pertinent works of especially Haworth (1820s); Baillon (1880s); Raymond-Hamet, Koorders, and Berger (all three from the early 1900s to 1930s); Boiteau and as elaborated on by Boiteau and Mannoni (1940s); Raymond-Hamet and Marnier-Lapostolle (1960s); Maire (1970s); and Boiteau and Allorge-Boiteau (1990s) are assessed to clarify the use of infrageneric ranks by these authors. From this analysis of the infrageneric classification of Kalanchoe during a period of about 250 years, it is evident that, with the exception of: (1) one validly published unranked name published by Baillon in 1885; (2) one subgenus name validly published by Koorders in 1919; (3) several unranked names validly published by Alwin Berger in 1930; and (3) two new combinatons validly published by Boiteau in 1947 at the rank of section and two new combinatons validly published by Boiteau in 1947 at the rank of subsection, all other such designations that were proposed between 1 January 1935 and 1 January 1953 were not validly published. The dates 1 January 1935 (Art. 39.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants [ICN], Latin requirement) and 1 January 1953 (aspects of Articles 35 and 41 of the ICN, on new combinations, names at new ranks, and replacement names) are significant in determining the valid publication of historically proposed new names and new combinations. Furthermore, all the names proposed for infrageneric groups in Kalanchoe that postdate 1 January 1953, and up to 2000, the cutoff date used in this paper, were not validly published (aspects of Art. 41 of the ICN, on new combinations, names at new ranks, and replacement names) or were proposed informally only and not intended for valid publication. Note, especially, that neither of the two infrageneric designations proposed in 1916 and 1933, respectively, by Raymond-Hamet, the undisputed authority on Kalanchoe during the 20th century, were validly published.

 

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  153. Smith, G.F., Bernard, S., Thiede, J. & Nickol, M. (2020) Notes on the natural geographical distribution range of the Madagascan Kalanchoe dinklagei Rauh (Crassulaceae). Haseltonia 27: 21–28.
  154. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2013) Succulent paradise. Twelve great gardens of the world. Struik Lifestyle, an imprint of Random House Struik, Cape Town, 184 pp.
  155. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2017a) Notes on Kalanchoe rotundifolia (Haw.) Haw. (Crassulaceae) in Southern Africa: the taxonomy of a species complex. Haseltonia 23: 57–71. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.023.0109
  156. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2017b) The identity of Kalanchoe paniculata Harv. (Crassulaceae), a common species in southeastern and south-tropical Africa. Haseltonia 23: 72–78. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.023.0110
  157. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2018a) The infrageneric classification and nomenclature of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae), with special reference to the southern African species. Bradleya 36: 162–172. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a10
  158. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2018b) Nomenclatural notes on Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (Crassulaceae). Bradleya 36: 220–223. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a18
  159. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2018c) Kalanchoe crouchii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo (Crassulaceae), a new species from the dolomites of the Wolkberg Centre of Endemism, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Haseltonia 25: 84–90.
  160. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2019a) The taxonomy of Kalanchoe laxiflora Baker, a Madagascan species of Crassulaceae. Bradleya 37: 118–124. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n37.2019.a6
  161. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2019b) A new status and combination in a Madagascan Kalanchoe, K. beauverdii var. juelii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 414 (2): 119–120. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.414.2.4
  162. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2019c) Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx var. sambiranensis, a new variety in a Madagascan Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 422 (2): 206–208. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.422.2.8
  163. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2019d) The nomenclature and correct author citation of the names Kalanchoe marnieriana H.Jacobsen ex L.Allorge and Bryophyllum marnierianum (H.Jacobsen ex L.Allorge) Govaerts (Crassulaceae), with notes on the nomenclature of some Madagascan Kalanchoe taxa. Bradleya 37: 212–217. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n37.2019.a19
  164. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2020a) Typification of the name Kalanchoe scapigera (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 435 (2): 203–207. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.435.2.7
  165. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2020b) A new status and combination in a Madagascan Kalanchoe, K. brevicalyx (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 450 (2): 243–245. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.450.2.10
  166. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2021a) Kalanchoe serrata. Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. Flowering Plants of Africa 67: 104–113, plate 2370.
  167. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2021b) The taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe streptantha Baker (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Bradleya 39: 195–201. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a20
  168. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2022a) Kalanchoe beharensis ‘Pixel’ (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), eine neue Sorte einer populären Zierpflanze aus Madagaskar. Kakteen und andere Sukkulenten 73 (11): 329–333.
  169. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2022b) Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on the names published in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Drake del Castillo in 1903. Phytotaxa 547 (2): 158–166. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.547.2.3
  170. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2022c) Nomenclatural notes on the economically important Flaming Katy, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 549 (1): 104–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.9
  171. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2023a) Names validly published in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Louis-René ‘Edmond’ Tulasne in 1857, with reference to names proposed in sched. by Hilsenberg and Bojer for two Malagasy species, and with notes on the type of the name K. tubiflora. Phytotaxa 584 (4): 275–284. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.584.4.4
  172. Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2023b) Kalanchoe daigremontiana Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. Flowering Plants of Africa 68: 56–68, plate 2386.
  173. Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Bernhard, S. (2019b) Taxonomy of the Madagascan Kalanchoe serrata Mannoni & Boiteau (Crassulaceae). Bradleya 37: 125–132. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n37.2019.a7
  174. Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Bernhard, S. (2019c) Notes on the taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe brevisepala (Humbert) L.Allorge and its basionym, K. millotii Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier subsp. brevisepala Humbert, and Kalanchoe dinklagei Rauh (Crassulaceae). Bradleya 37: 87–96. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n37.2019.a31
  175. Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Shtein, R. (2021e) Kalanchoe manginii. Crassulaceae: Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. Flowering Plants of Africa 67: 70–79, plate 2367.
  176. Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Silva, V. (2015) Kalanchoe ×houghtonii (Crassulaceae) recorded near Lisbon, Portugal. Bouteloua 20: 97–99.
  177. Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Van Wyk, A.E. (2019a) Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) in southern Africa. Classification, biology, and cultivation. Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London, San Diego, Cambridge (USA), and Oxford, x, 328 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814007-9.00005-0
  178. Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Walker, C.C. (2021c) Kalanchoe beharensis. Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. Flowering Plants of Africa 67: 50–59, plate 2365. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a20
  179. Smith, G.F., Klein, D.-P. & Shtein, R. (2021d) A revision of the Malagasy Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): history, taxonomy, and nomenclature. Phytotaxa 507 (1): 67–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.1.3
  180. Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022a) The nomenclature and taxonomy of Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae resolved. Phytotaxa 555 (3): 241–251. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.3
  181. Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022b) (2908) Proposal to reject the name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae (Crassulaceae). Taxon 71 (4): 910–911. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12778
  182. Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021a) A review of horticulturally desirable characters in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): variable and deviating vegetative and reproductive morphologies useful in breeding programmes. Haseltonia 28: 106–119. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0110
  183. Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021b) Taxonomic notes on Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) and its horticultural derivatives. Phytotaxa 478 (2): 225–238. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.478.2.4
  184. Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021c) Nomenclature and taxonomic placement of the infraspecific taxa recognised in the Madagascan Kalanchoe miniata (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Perrier de la Bâthie and Boiteau and Mannoni in the 20th century. Phytotaxa 514 (2): 118–128. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.514.2.3
  185. Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021d) Typification of the name Kalanchoe daigremontiana (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 494 (2): 244–249. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.494.2.8
  186. Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021e) Clarifying the typification of the names Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi and K. waldheimii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), two leaf-succulent shrubs indigenous to Madagascar. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 131–134. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.1.9
  187. Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2022) Nomenclature and taxonomy of the partial infrageneric classification systems proposed for Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) by Boiteau and Boiteau & Mannoni in the mid-20th century. Phytotaxa 536 (2): 141–153. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.536.2.3
  188. Smith, G.F., Shtein, R. & Klein, D.-P. (2021a) Kalanchoe subg. Alatae (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new rank for K. sect. Alatae. Phytotaxa 509 (2): 255–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.9
  189. Smith, G.F., Shtein, R., Klein, D.-P., Parihar, B., Almeida, A., Rodewald, S. & Kadereit, G. (2021b) Special Review. Sexual and asexual reproduction in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae): a review of known and newly recorded strategies. Haseltonia 28: 2–22. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0101
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