Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 636 No. 2: 7 Feb. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-02-07
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.636.2.3
Page range: 139-151
Abstract views: 50
PDF downloaded: 3

Two new and endangered species of Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado

Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
Departamento de Biologia vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Cidade Universitária, 13083-862, Campinas - SP, Brazil
Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Jardim Botânico, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil, IUCN SSC Brazil Plant Red List Authority, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Jardim Botânico, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Jardim Botânico, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil, IUCN SSC Brazil Plant Red List Authority, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Jardim Botânico, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
Conservation Monocots Paepalanthoideae Systematics

Abstract

Two new species of Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae) from the Cerrado hotspot in central Brazil are described and illustrated. Paepalanthus avacanoeiro Trovó & R. Silva-Oliveira sp. nov. occurs in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region, growing on quartzite rocky soils. The species is similar to P. urbanianus, distinguished mainly by being a more robust species with pilose and patent leaves with blackish base and ciliated margin, by its reproductive axis covered by remotely disposed bracts with acuminate apex, and by its inflorescence with fewer scapes. It is currently known from two subpopulations occurring just outside of the local conservation units and is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR). Paepalanthus burle-marxii Trovó sp. nov. is distributed in the vicinities of Brasília, Pirenópolis, Luziânia, and Santo Antônio do Descoberto. It is known from many historical and recent collections inhabiting typical open grasslands, usually over argillaceous-rocky soils. It is distinguished from P. linearis, its most similar species, by its glabrous and wider leaves with membranaceous margin, its narrower capitula with few flowers and dark castaneous involucral bracts, and by the pilosity of the pistillate flower sepals. It is assessed as Vulnerable (VU). Line drawings, photos taken in the field, distribution maps, and comments are provided alongside its conservation status and IUCN red list categories.

References

  1. Alves, R.J.V., Silva, N.G., Oliveira, J.A. & Medeiros, D. (2014) Circumscribing campo rupestre—megadiverse Brazilian rocky montane savannas. Brazilian Journal of Biology 74: 355–362. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.23212
  2. Andrino, C.O., Sano, P.T., Inglis, P.W., Hensold, N., Costa, F.N. & Simon, M.F. (2021) Phylogenetics of Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae), a diverse Neotropical monocot lineage. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 195: 34–52. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa070
  3. Andrino, C.O., Costa, F.N., Simon, M.F., Missagia, R.V. & Sano. P.T. (2023) Eriocaulaceae: a new classification system based on morphological evolution and molecular evidence. Taxon 72: 515–549. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12915
  4. Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Scott. B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
  5. Christenhusz, M.J.M., van den Berg, C., Byng, J.W. & Chase, M.W. (2020) (2768) Proposal to conserve Paepalanthus nom. cons. against the additional name, Tonina (Eriocaulaceae). Taxon 69: 1109–1110. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12333
  6. ESRI (2023) QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. [https://qgis.org/en/site/]
  7. Flora e Funga do Brasil (2023) Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/ (accessed 20 May 2023)
  8. Herzog, T. (1924) Neue Südamerikanische Eriocaulonaceae. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 20: 82–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19240200603
  9. Hijmans, R.J., Etten, J. & Sumner, M. (2023) raster: Geographic Data Analysis and Modeling. R package version 3.6–20. [https://cran.r-project.org/package=raster]
  10. IUCN (2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission.
  11. IUCN Standards Petitions Sub-committee (2022) Guidelines for using the IUCn Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 9.0. [http://www.iucn.org]
  12. Jordão, L.S.B., Ferreira, G.C. & Icalho, M.B. (2022) O MapBiomas e a avaliação do risco de extinção da flora brasileira. In: 4a Edição do Prêmio MapBiomas. Available from: https://brasil.mapbiomas.org/premio-mapbiomas-4-edicao (accessed 30 March 2023)
  13. Koernicke, F. (1863) Eriocaulaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P. & Eichler, A.W. (Eds.), Flora brasiliensis 3(1). Royal Typography, Munich, pp. 273–508. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.454
  14. MapBiomas (2021) MapBiomas Project—Collection 6 of the Annual coverage and land use maps series of the Brazil. Available from: https://mapbiomas.org/ (accessed 30 March 2023)
  15. MapBiomas (2022) MapBiomas Project—Collection 1 of the Mapping of burned areas in Brazil. Available from: https://mapbiomas.org/ (accessed 30 Mar 2023)
  16. Martius, K.F.P. (1834) Eriocaulaceae. Anales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique 2: 25–43.
  17. Mei, W., Yu, G. & Lai, J. (2018) ‘basicTrendline’: Add Trendline and Confidence Interval of Basic Regression Models to Plot. R package version 2.0.3. [https://cran.r-project.org/package=basicTrendline]
  18. Neves, D.M., Dexter, K.G. & Pennington, R.T. (2018) Lack of floristic identity in campos rupestres—A hyperdiverse mosaic of rocky montane savannas in South America. Flora 238: 24–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2017.03.011
  19. Pebesma, E. (2018) ‘sf’ Simple Features for R: Standardized Support for Spatial Vector Data. The R Journal 10: 439–446. https://doi.org/10.32614/RJ-2018-009
  20. Radford, A.E., Dickson, W.C., Massey, J.R. & Bell, C.R. (1974) Vascular plant systematics. Harper & Row Pub, New York, 891 pp.
  21. Ruhland, W. (1903) Eriocaulaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich. Regni vegetabilis conspectus 4 heft 30. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1–294.
  22. Silveira, A.A. (1908) Flora e serras Mineiras. Imprensa Official, Bello Horizonte, 79 pp.
  23. Silveira, F.A.O., Negreiros, D. & Barbosa, N.P.U. (2016) Ecology and evolution of plant diversity in the endangered campo rupestre: a neglected conservation priority. Plant Soil 403:129–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2637-8
  24. Stuessy, T.F. (1990) Plant taxonomy, the systematic evaluation of comparative data. Columbia University, Press New York, 562 pp.
  25. Stützel, T. & Trovó, M. (2013) Inflorescences in Eriocaulaceae: taxonomic relevance and practical implications. Annals of Botany 112: 1505–1522. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct234
  26. Thiers, B. (2023 continuously updated) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 19 September 2023)
  27. Trovó, M. (2010) Sistemática de Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae): Filogenia, morfologia e taxonomia de Diphyomene (Ruhland) Trovó. PhD thesis, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
  28. Trovó, M. & Sano PT (2010) Taxonomic survey of Paepalanthus section Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae). Phytotaxa 14: 49–55. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.14.1.4
  29. Trovó, M., Stützel, T., Scatena, V.L. & Sano, P.T. (2010) Morphology and anatomy of inflorescence and inflorescence axis in Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene Ruhland. (Eriocaulaceae, Poales) and its taxonomic implications. Flora 205: 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2009.02.005
  30. Trovó, M. & Sano, P.T. (2011) Five new and narrowly distributed species of Paepalanthus section Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae) from Central Brazil. Systematic Botany 36: 610–620. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X583600
  31. Trovó, M., Echternacht, L.A. & Sano, P.T. (2013a) Distribution and conservation of Paepalanthus Mart. sect. Diphyomene Ruhland (Eriocaulaceae) in Neotropical savannas. Adansonia 35: 195–206. https://doi.org/10.5252/a2013n2a2
  32. Trovó, M., Andrade, M.J.G., Sano, P.T., Ribeiro, P.L. & van den Berg, C. (2013b) Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of Neotropical Paepalanthoideae with emphasis on Brazilian Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 171: 225–243. https://doi.org/j.1095-8339.2012.01310.x
  33. Trovó, M., Echternacht, L.A. & Sano, P.T. (2013c) Three new species of Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Novon 22: 325–331. https://doi.org/10.3417/2010112
  34. Trovó, M. & Sano, P.T. (2014) Paepalanthus conjunctus, a new species of Paepalanthus sect. Diphyomene (Eriocaulaceae) from Central Brazil. Phytotaxa 178: 53–56. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.178.1.7
  35. Trovó, M. & Stützel, T. (2019) Inflorescence structure in the Eriocaulaceae clade of Paepalanthus dimerous-flowered species and allied groups: Tackling evolutionary and taxonomic questions. Flora 259: 151461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2019.151461
  36. Trovó, M. & Echternacht, L. (2022) The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species. European Journal of Taxonomy 834: 58–93. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1899
  37. Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018