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Issue: Vol. 642 No. 1: 26 Mar. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-03-26
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.642.1.2
Page range: 21-36
Abstract views: 56
PDF downloaded: 3

Polysporangiate anthers described in Eugenia (Myrtaceae) with notes on evolutionary patterns

Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Unidade II, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio, 6200, CEP 69080-900, Manaus, AM, Brazil
Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Naturais (PPGMBT-UEA), Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Carvalho Leal, 1777, CEP 69065-001, Manaus, AM, Brazil, Museu da Amazônia, MUSA, Rua Planeta Plutão, 11, CEP 69099-415, Manaus, AM, Brazil
Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Rua do Matão, 277, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew TW9 3AB Richmond, Surrey, UK
Myrtales Myrteae multilocular anther polysporangiate anther sporangium stamen Eudicots

Abstract

Shifts towards compartmentalisation resulting in multilocular anthers have been described in some families of Myrtales but to date, not in Myrtaceae. In these other families sporogeneous tissue is partitioned by transverse or longitudinal septa, fitting the definition of the ‘polysporangiate anther’. Polysporangiate anther in Eugenia, a Neotropical genus of Myrtaceae is here discussed, with a detailed description of their morphology and in the context of known phylogenetic relationships within Eugenia. Anthers of Eugenia joseramosii, E. kerianthera and E. petaloidea were examined using scanning electron microscopy; E. multilocellata and E. quilombola were imaged with light microscope. Molecular sequences of five regions were used to place these species in a representative phylogenetic framework for character reconstruction analysis. Analysed anthers share dithecal organization in which each anther theca is divided in dorsal and ventral rows of sporangia. Polysporangiate anthers in Eugenia appear to have evolved independently on at least two occasions in Eugenia sect. Umbellatae. Eugenia flowers with polysporangiate anthers fit a generalist pollination pattern but Eugenia petaloidea demonstrates some unusual features that may be linked to pollination by vibration. Anthers in Eugenia is a rare condition with low systematic value. Resources should be invested to survey Myrtaceae for more species with polysporangiate anthers, to improve understanding of their evolutionary relevance and to record pollinators and modes of pollination.

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