Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 613 No. 3: 14 Sept. 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-09-14
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.613.3.1
Page range: 201-212
Abstract views: 939
PDF downloaded: 494

Truongsonia (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Truongsonieae)—a new palm genus and tribe from Vietnam

Institute of Tropical Biology; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); 85 Tran Quoc Toan road; District 3; Ho Chi Minh City; Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology; VAST; Hoang Quoc Viet; Cau Giay District; Ha Noi; Vietnam
Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew; Richmond; Surrey; TW9 3AE; United Kingdom
Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew; Richmond; Surrey; TW9 3AE; United Kingdom
Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew; Richmond; Surrey; TW9 3AE; United Kingdom
Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew; Richmond; Surrey; TW9 3AE; United Kingdom; Department of Biology; Aarhus University; Ny Munkegade 116; 8000 Aarhus C; Denmark
The New York Botanical Garden; Bronx; NY 10458-5126; U.S.A.
Monocots Quang Ngai Truong Son Range Podococcus

Abstract

A genus and species of palm from the Truong Son Range in Vietnam, Truongsonia lecongkietii, is described as new to science. Phylogenomic analysis strongly supports the placement of the new taxon in subfamily Arecoideae as sister to the African endemic tribe Podococceae, which comprises a single genus Podococcus. A new tribe Truongsonieae is also described to accommodate Truongsonia in the current phylogenetic classification of palms. Truongsonia is a dwarf, acaulescent, clump-forming palm bearing entire, bifid leaves with a fibre-like extension of the rachis through the sinus of the two lobes of the leaf. The interfoliar inflorescence is exserted on a long peduncle with 3­–4 tightly sheathing peduncular bracts and rachillae presented at the apex only. The ovary is triovulate-tricarpellate, but fruits are single-seeded. Truongsonia is Critically Endangered, with surveys locating only 10–15 plants in the wild. Swift conservation action is required to secure the future of this remarkable and phylogenetically isolated lineage of palms.

 

References

  1. Averyanov, L.V., Loc, P.K., Hiep, N.T. & Harder, D.K. (2003) Phytogeographic review of Vietnam and adjacent areas of Eastern Indochina. Komarovia 3: 1–83.
  2. Averyanov, L.V., Truong, B.V., Nguyen, V.C., Maisak, T.V., Dinh, Q.D., Nuraliev, M.S., Nguyen, K.S. & Chu, V.T. (2022) New Orchids in the Flora of Vietnam Ⅲ (Collabieae, Malaxideae, Nervilieae and Orchideae). Taiwania 65 (4): 478–492. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.2020.65.478
  3. Baker, W.J. & Couvreur, T.L.P. (2013) Global biogeography and diversification of palms sheds light on the evolution of tropical lineages. I. Historical biogeography. Journal of Biogeography 40: 274–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02795.x
  4. Baker, W.J. & Couvreur, T.L.P. (2013) Global biogeography and diversification of palms sheds light on the evolution of tropical lineages. II. Diversification history and origin of regional assemblages. Journal of Biogeography 40: 286–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02794.x
  5. Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2016) Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182: 207–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12401
  6. Baker, W.J., Norup, M.V., Clarkson, J.J., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dowe, J.L., Lewis, C.E., Pintaud, J.-C., Savolainen, V., Wilmot, T. & Chase, M.W. (2011) Phylogenetic relationships among arecoid palms (Arecaceae: Arecoideae). Annals of Botany 108: 1417–1432. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcr020
  7. Bellot, S., Odufuwa, P., Dransfield, J., Eiserhardt, W.L., Perez-Escobar, O.A., Petoe, P., Usher, E. & Baker, W.J. (2020) Why and How to Develop DNA Barcoding for Palms? A Case Study of Pinanga. Palms 64: 109–120.
  8. Chaowasku, T., Damthongdee, A., Jongsook, H., Ngo, D.T., Le, H.T., Tran, D.M. & Suddee, S. (2018) Enlarging the monotypic Monocarpieae (Annonaceae, Malmeoideae): Recognition of a second genus from Vietnam informed by morphology and molecular phylogenetics. Candollea 73 (2): 261–275. https://doi.org/10.15553/c2018v732a11
  9. Dransfield, J., Uhl, N.W., Asmussen, C.B., Baker, W.J., Harley, M.M. & Lewis, C.E. (2008) Genera Palmarum - the evolution and classification of palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, 732 pp.
  10. Henderson, A. (2009) Palms of Southern Asia. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 199 pp. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400832996
  11. Henderson, A. & Nguyễn Quốc Dựng (2019) Palms of Vietnam. New York Botanical Garden, 327 pp.
  12. IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, 32 pp.
  13. Kuhnhäuser, B.G., Bellot, S., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dransfield, J., Henderson, A., Schley, R., Chomicki, G., Eiserhardt, W.L., Hiscock, S.J. & Baker, W.J. (2021) A robust phylogenomic framework for the calamoid palms. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 157: 107067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.107067
  14. Leong-Škorničková, J., Lý, N.S., Poulsen, A.D., Tosh, J. & Forrest, A. (2011) Newmania: a new ginger genus from central Vietnam. Taxon 60: 1386–1396. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.605014
  15. Loiseau, O., Olivares, I., Paris, M., de La Harpe, M., Weigand, A., Koubínová, D., Rolland, J., Bacon, C., Balslev, H., Borchsenius, F., Cano, A., Couvreur, T., Delnatte, C., Fardin, F., Gayot, M., Mejía, F., Mota-Machado, T., Perret, M., Roncal, J., Sanin, M.-J., Stauffer, F., Lexer, C., Kessler, M. & Salamin, N. (2019) Targeted capture of hundreds of nuclear genes unravels phylogenetic relationships of the diverse Neotropical palm tribe Geonomateae. Frontiers Plant Science (Online journal) 10: 864. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00864
  16. Luu-dam, N.A., Lu, N.T., Pham, T.H. & Do, T.V. (2023) Classification of Vascular Plants in Vietnam According to Modern Classification Systems. Plants 12: 967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ plants12040967
  17. Lý, N.S. (2016) Zingiber skornickovae, a new species of Zingiberaceae from Central Vietnam. Phytotaxa 265 (2): 139–144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.265.2.5
  18. Lý, N.S. (2017) Monoon vietnamensis (Annonaceae), a new species from Central Vietnam. Annles Botanici Fennici 54 (1–3): 153–158. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.054.0324
  19. Lý, N.-S. & Tillich, H.-J. (2016) Aspidistra averyanovii and A. parviflora (Asparagaceae), two new species Central Vietnam. Phytotaxa 282 (1): 53–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.282.1.6
  20. Lý, N.-S., Wong, S.Y., Haevermans, T., Nguyễn, V.D. & Boyce, P.C. (2017) Vietnamocasia, a new genus from Central Vietnam belonging to the Alocasia-Colocasia clade (Araceae). Phytotaxa 303 (3): 253–263. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.303.3.5
  21. Lý, N.S., Peng, C.-I. & Hughes, M. (2018) Begonia lecongkietii (sect. Petermannia), a new species from Mount Dau, South Central Coast Region, Vietnam. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 75 (2): 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428618000033
  22. Lý, N.S., Nguyen, K.S., Hoang, T.S., Do, V.N. & Tillich, H.J. (2021) Aspidistra magnifica (Asparagaceae), a new species from Central Vietnam. Phytotaxa 480 (1): 22–28. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.480.1.2
  23. Lý, N.S., Hoang, T.S., Nguyen, K.S. & Тanaka, N. (2022) Tupistra annamensis (Asparagaceae), a new species from central Vietnam. Phytotaxa 567 (2): 173–180. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.567.2.5
  24. Middleton, D.J., Atknis, H., Luu, H.T., Nishii, K. & Möller, M. (2014) Billolivia, a new genus of Gesneriaceae from Vietnam with five new species. Phytotaxa 161 (4): 241–269. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.161.4.1
  25. Middleton, D.J., Armstrong, K., Baba, Y., Balslev, H., Chayamarit, K., Chung, R.C.K., Conn, B.J., Fernando, E.S., Fujikawa, K., Kiew, R., Luu, H.T., Mu Mu, A., Newman, M.F., Tagane, S., Tanaka, N., Thomas, D.C., Tran, T.B., Utteridge, T.M.A., Welzen, P.C.v., Widyatmoko, D., Yahara, T. & Wong, K.M. (2019) Progress on Southeast Asia’s flora projects. Gardens’ Bulletin (Singapore) 71: 267–319. https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-02
  26. Nguyen, V.N, Hoang, T.S., Hoang, T.B., Tagane, S., Suyama, Y. & Yahara, T. (2022) A New Species of Lithocarpus (Fagaceae) from Ca Dam Mountain of Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Systematic Botany 47 (3): 729–737. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364422X16573019348265
  27. POWO. (2023) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 15 May 2023)
  28. Rudbeck, A.V., Sun, M., Tietje, M., Gallagher, R.V., Govaerts, R., Smith, S.A., Svenning, J.-C. & Eiserhardt, W.L. (2022) The Darwinian shortfall in plants: phylogenetic knowledge is driven by range size. Ecography 2022: e06142. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.06142
  29. Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
  30. Thiers, B. (2023) [continuously updated] Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 21 March 2023)
  31. Tomlinson, P.B. (1990) The Structural Biology of Palms. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 477 pp.
  32. Tong, Y.-H., Zheng, X.-R., Zhang, Y.Y., Qin, Q.-M., Ni, J.-B., Vu, T.C. & Xia, N.-H. (2020) Khoonmengia honbaensis, a new genus and species of temperate bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from central-southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 138: 163–177. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.138.39512
  33. Tran, V.T., Nguyen, H.N. & Xia, N.-H. (2013) Annamocalamus H.N.Nguyen, N. H.Xia & V.T.Tran, a new genus of bamboo (Poaceae) from Vietnam. Candollea 68 (1): 159–165. https://doi.org/10.15553/c2013v681a23
  34. van Valkenburg, J.L.C.H. & Sunderland, T.C.H. (2008) A revision of the genus Podococcus (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 63: 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-008-9037-7
  35. Wen, F., Xin, Z.B., Fu, L.F., Li, S., Su, L.Y., Maciejewski, S., Huang, Z.J., Do, T.V. & Wei, Y.G. (2020) Michaelmoelleria (Gesneriaceae), a new lithophilous dwelling genus and species with zigzag corolla tube from southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 146: 89–107. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.146.49731
  36. Zhang, C., Rabiee, M., Sayyari, E. & Mirarab, S. (2018) ASTRAL-III: polynomial time species tree reconstruction from partially resolved gene trees. BMC Bioinformatics 19: 153. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-018-2129-y