Abstract
Cephalaria saldaensis, collected from Eşeler Mountain around Salda Lake (Yeşilova-Burdur), one of Turkey’s important tourism regions, is described from South-West Anatolia as a new species. Diagnostic morphological and molecular characters from closely similar taxa are discussed. The geographical distribution of the new species and other related species is mapped. Taxonomic comments such as descriptive and diagnostic characters, distribution and ecology, conservation status for this new species are given in the current study. In this study, morphological characterization of three different Cephalaria spp. was also supported via molecular characterization based on PCR technology. Twenty-two ISSR primers were tested using a total of fifteen individuals belonging to three different Cephalaria spp. Five of these primers gave the most productive band profile. A total of 53 bands ranging from 250bp to 2000bp were obtained from the PCR products on agarose gel image, and the polymorphism calculated on the basis of the band profiles was 77.4%. The band profiles were also analyzed using the PopGen32 Software program. The constructed phylogenetic tree grouped the Cephalaria spp. individuals belonging to these three species into two main clusters and the phylogenetic analysis indicated that C. saldaensis was clearly different from the C. scoparia and C. dirmilensis.
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dü?en, O., Göktürk, R.S., Kaya, E., Sarpkaya, U. & Gürcan, B. (2018) Morphological and molecular determination of a new Viola species (Violaceae) from Turkey. Phytotaxa 369 (1): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.369.1.4</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Felix, F.C., das Chagas, K.P.T., dos Santos Ferrari, C., de Almeida Vieira, F. & Pacheco, M.V. (2020) Applications of ISSR markers in studies of genetic diversity of Pityrocarpa moniliformis. Revista Caatinga 33 (4): 1017–1024. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n417rc</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Galatal?, S., Balc?, M.A., Akgüller, O. & Kaya, E. (2021) Production of Disease-Free Olive Seedlings with Artificial Intelligence and Biotechnological Methods. European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 2 (3): 79–84. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.172</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Garmendia, A., Merle, H., Sanía, M., López, C. & Ferriol, M. (2022) Morphologic, genetic, and biogeographic continua among subspecies hinder the conservation of threatened taxa: the case of Centaurea aspera ssp. scorpiurifolia (Asteraceae). Scientific Reports 12: n. 932. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-04934-4</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S. & Sümbül, H. (1997) A new species of Cephalaria (Dipsacaceae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici 34: 153?155. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S. & Sümbül, H. (2003) Cephalaria aytachii (Dipsacaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici 40: 123?127.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S. & Sümbül, H. (2014) A taxonomic revision of the genus Cephalaria (Caprifoliaceae) in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany 38: 927?968. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot.1310-6</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S. & Sümbül, H. (2016) Cephalaria anamurensis (Caprifoliaceae), a new species from south Anatolia, Turkey. PhytoKeys 65: 25?33. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.65.8571</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S., Dü?en, O., Kaya, E., Gürcan, B. & Sarpkaya, U. (2019) A new variety of Plocama calabrica (Rubiaceae) from Denizli (Turkey) confirmed by morphological and molecular ISSR markers. Acta Botanica Croatica 78 (2): 142–146. https://doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2019-0016 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S., Sümbül, H. & Aç?k, L. (2003) A new species of Cephalaria Schrad. ex Roem. & Schult. (Dipsacaceae), including a new variety from East Anatolia, Turkey. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 51: 59?65. https://doi.org/10.1560/332B-JGEF-R6RC-DHL5</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Göktürk, R.S., Sümbül, H., Çelebi, A. & Aç?k, L. (2012) Two new species of Cephalaria (Caprifoliaceae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany 36: 311?321. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1101-4 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gwinner, R., Setotaw, T.A., Rodrigues, F.A., França, D.V.C., da Silveira, F.A., Pio, L.A.S. & Pasqual, M. (2016) Population structure of Annona crassiflora: an endemic plant species of the Brazilian Cerrado. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (4): gmr15049137. https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr15049137 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK,16 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kaya, E. & Souza, F.V.D. (2017) Comparison of two PVS2-based procedures for cryopreservation of commercial sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) germplasm and confirmation of genetic stability after cryopreservation using ISSR markers. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology–Plant 53: 410–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-017-9837-2 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kaya, E. & Y?lmaz Gökdo?an, E. (2016) Using two retrotransposon based marker systems (IRAP and REMAP) for molecular characterization of olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 44 (1): 167–174. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha44110158 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kaya, E. (2015) ISSR Analysis for determination of genetic diversity and relationship in eight Turkish olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2015, 43 (1): 96–99. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha4319818 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ku?, S. & Göktürk, R.S. (2005) A new Cephalaria species (Dipsacaceae) from the European part of Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany 23: 427?430. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2003.tb00415.x</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martins-Lopes, P., Lima-Brito, J., Gomes, S., Meirinhos, J., Santos, L. & Guedes-Pinto, H. (2007) RAPD and ISSR molecular markers in Olea europaea L.: Genetic variability and molecular cultivar identification. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 54:117–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-005-2640-7 </span></span></span>
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