Status of Rumex palustris (Polygonaceae) in the flora of Iran: an overview of current taxonomy, anatomy and ecology

MINA KHORASANI; ALIREZA NAQINEZHAD

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.5

Issue: Vol. 587 No. 2: 14 March 2023

Type: Article

Published: 2023-03-14

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.5

Page range: 161-172

Abstract views: 81

PDF downloaded: 4

**Status of Rumex palustris (Polygonaceae) in the flora of Iran: an overview of current taxonomy, anatomy and ecology**

MINA KHORASANI⁺⁻
ALIREZA NAQINEZHAD⁺⁻

Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran.

Caspian Sea coast new record North Iran Polygonaceae Rumex taxonomy Eudicots

Requires Subscription or Fee PDF (13MB)

Abstract

Rumex palustris (Polygonaceae) is recorded as a new taxon for the flora of Iran. The species was firstly collected from the seasonal wet dune slacks on south Caspian Sea coast, northern Iran. A full morphological description, the anatomical details of stem and leaf, along with illustrations and a distribution map are provided. Moreover, the species is morphologically and anatomically compared with R. dentatus and R. maritimus. The salient features are compared with those of related species and discussed.

References

Aiton, W.T. (1812) Hortus kewensis, or, A catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew, vol. 2 (4). Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 522 pp. 
Arcangeli, G. (1882) Compendio della flora italiana; ossia, Manuale per la determinazione delle piante che trovansi selvatiche od inselvatichite nell’Italia e nelle isole adiacenti. E. Loescher, Torino, 889 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9995
Atha, D. (2018) First report of Rumex cristatus (Polygonaceae) for New York State. Phytoneuron 48: 1–3. 
Boissier, E. (1853) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium Novarum, ser. 1, vol. 12. Neocomi, Typis Henrici Wolfrath, 120 pp. 
Boissier, E. (1879) Flora orientalis, sive Enumeratio plantarum in oriente a Graecia et Aegypto and Indiae fines hucusque observatarum. Corolliflorae et Monochlamydeae, vol. 4. Apud H. Georg & Apud Eumdem; Basileae & Genevae, 1282 pp. 
Bonnier, G. & Layens, G. (1894) Tableaux synoptiques des plantes vasculaires de la Flore de la France. Paris: Paul Dupont, 416 pp. 
Bönninghausen, C.M.F. (1824) Prodromus florae Monasteriensis Westphalorum Phanerogamia. F. Regensberg, Monasterii, 332 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6344
Bornmüller, J. (1909) Compositarum species nonnullae novae ora Asiae-Mediae. Russkii Botanicheskii Zhurnal, 6: 92–93. 
Campderá, F. (1819) Monographie des Rumex, précédée de quelques vues générales sur la famille des polygonées. Treuttel et Würtz, Paris, 169 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15475
Čelakovský, L. (1871) Prodromus der Flora von Böhmen. Commissions-verlag von Fr. Rivnác., 290 pp.
COL (2023) Catalogue of Life. Available from: https://www.catalogueoflife.org/ (accessed: 27 January 2023). 
Connor, M.A., Tarvin, S., Quail, M. & Batke, S.P. (2021) Plant diversity and community composition in managed humid coastal dune slacks in NW England. PloS one 16 (8): e0256215. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256215
Copson, G.R. & Leaman, E.G. (1981) Rumex crispus L. (Polygonaceae)– a new record for Macquarie Island. New Zealand Journal of Botany 19 (4): 401–404. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1981.10426398
Cullen, J. (1967) Rumex L. In: Davis, P.H. (Ed.) Flora of. Turkey and the Aegean Islands, vol. 2. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 281–292.
EPPO (2023) European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. Available from: https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/RUMPL (accessed: 27 January 2023).
Euro+Med (2023) The Euro+Med PlantBase– the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Available from: https://europlusmed.org (accessed: 27 January 2023).
Formánek, E. (1886) Beitrag zur Flora des mittleren und südlichen Mährens. Selbstverl. des Verf., 115 pp.
Freeman, C.C. & Reveal, J.L. (2005) Polygonaceae. In: Editorial Committee (Ed.) Flora of North America, vol. 5. University Press, Oxford, pp. 216–221. 
Galasso, G., Banfi, E., De Mattia, F., Grassi, F., Sgorbati, S.. & Labra, M. (2009) Molecular phylogeny of Polygonum L. s.l. (Polygonoideae, Polygonaceae), focusing on European taxa: preliminary results and systematic considerations based on rbcL plastidial sequence data. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 150 (1): 113–148.
GBIF (2023) Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Available from: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed: 27 January 2023). 
Grant, K.D., Koenemann, D., Mansaray, J., Ahmed, A., Khamar, H., El Oualidi, J. & Burke, J.M. (2020) Phylogeny of docks and sorrels (Rumex, Polygonaceae) reveals plasticity of reproductive systems. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.11.293118 
Gray, S.F. (1821) A natural arrangement of British plants, vol. 2. Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, London, 760 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.43804
Gussone, G. (1826) Plantae rariores. Regia Typographia, Neapoli, 401 pp.
Hooker, J.D. (1870) The student’s flora of the British Islands. Macmillan and Company, London, 504 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.19896
Islam, M.S., Iwasaki, A., Suenaga, K. & Kato-Noguchi, H. (2017) Evaluation of phytotoxic potential and identification of phytotoxic compounds in Rumex maritimus. Plant Biosystems 152 (4) [2018]: 804–809. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2017.1338630
JACQ (2023) The Jointly Administered Herbarium Management System. Available from: https://www.jacq.org/ (accessed: 13 February 2023).
JSTOR (2023) JSTOR Plant Science. Available from: http://plants.jstor.org (accessed: 13 February 2023).
Keshavarzi, M., Ebrahimi, F. & Mosaferi, S. (2018) Comparative anatomical and micromorphological study of some Rumex species (Polygonaceae). Acta Biologica Szegediensis 62 (1): 45–52. https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2018.1.45-52
Khorasani, M., Saeidi Mehrvarz, S. & Zarre, S. (2018a) Scape anatomy and its systematic implication in Allium stipitatum species complex (Amaryllidaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 36 (11): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02008 
Khorasani, M., Saeidi Mehrvarz, S. & Zarre, S. (2018b) Bulb tunic anatomy and its taxonomic implication in Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae: Allioideae). Plant Biosystems 152 (6): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2018.1448013
Khosravi, A.R. & Poormahdi, S. (2008) Polygonum khajeh-jamali (Polygonaceae), a new species from Iran. Annales Botanici Fennici. Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 45 (6): 477–480. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.045.0606
Leira, M., Freitas, M.C., Ferreira, T., Cruces, A., Connor, S., Andrade, C., Lopes, V. & Bao, R. (2018) Holocene sea level and climate interactions on wet dune slack evolution in SW Portugal: A model for future scenarios?. The Holocene 29 (1): 26–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683618804633
Li, A.J., Bao, B.J., Grabovskaya-Borodina, A.E. & Mosyakin, S.L. (2003) Rumex. In: Wu, Z.Y. & Raven, P.H. (Eds.) Flora of China, vol. 5. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing, pp. 333–341. 
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum, vol. 1. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 560 pp.
Linnaeus, C. (1771) Mantissa plantarum altera Generum editionis VI et Specierum editionis II. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ, 588 pp.
Lozinskaya, A.S.L. (1970) Rumex L. In: Komarov, V.L. (Ed.) Flora of the U.S.S.R, vol. 5. Publisher, Jerusalem, pp. 351–379.
Meisner, C.F. (1856) Rumex L. In: Candolle, A.P. De (Ed.) Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, vol. 14 (1). Masson, Paris, pp. 41–64.
Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L. (1950) Anatomy of the Dicotyledons, vol. 2. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1500 pp.
Mohamed, F.S. & Azer, S.A. (2020) Morphological and anatomical studies on some species of Polygonaceae in Egypt. The Middle East Journal 9 (1): 18–33. https://doi.org/10.21608/jsrs.2018.12976
Mosaferi, S. & Keshavarzi, M. (2011) Micromorphological study of Polygonaceae tribes in Iran. Phytologia Balcanica 17 (1): 89–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3334253
Mozaffarian, V. (1988) New species and new plant records from Iran. The Iranian Journal of Botany 4 (1): 61–70.
Mozaffarian, V. (1994) Studies on the flora of Iran, new species and new records. The Iranian Journal of Botany 6 (2): 235–244. https://doi.org/10.22092/IJB.2015.103309
Naqinezhad, A.R. (2012) A Preliminary survey of flora and vegetation of Sand Dune belt in the Southern Caspian Coasts, N. Iran. Research Journal of Biology 2 (1): 23–29.
Opiz, F.M. (1852) Seznam rostlin květeny české. Nákladem České museum, Prague, pp. 216.
Paul, P. & Chowdhury, M. (2021) Foliar micromorphology as a tool for identification of Indian taxa of Polygonaceae. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 14 (4): 569–589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2021.05.008
Portal to the Flora of Italy (2022) Version 2022.1. https:/dryades.units.it/floritaly (accessed: 13 February 2023).
POWO (2023) Plants of the World Online. Available from: https//powo.science.kew.org/ (accessed: 27 January 2023).
Qaiser, M. (2001) Polygonaceae. In: Ali, S.I. & Qaisar, M. (Eds.) Flora of Pakistan, vol. 205. Department of Botany, Karachi University and Missouri Botanical Garden, Karachi, pp. 110–124.
Raycheva, T. (2009) Critical reassessment of the distribution of some taxa of Rumex subgenus Rumex (Polygonaceae) in Bulgaria–2. Phytologia balcanica 15 (2): 155–169.
Rechinger, K.H. (1937) The North American species of Rumex, vol. 17 (1). Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 151 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2273
Rechinger, K.H. (1942) Ergebnisse einer botanischen Reise nach dem Iran, 1937, vol. 53 (1). Annalen Des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien; 340–357.
Rechinger, K.H. Jr. (1964) Rumex L. In: Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (Eds.) Flora Europaea, vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 99–107. 
Rechinger, K.H. (1968) Rumex L. In: Rechinger, K.H. (Eds.) Flora Iranica, vol. 56. Akademische Druck and Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp 2–24. 
Renault, P.A. (1804) Flore du Département de l‘Orne. Alençon, Malassis, 221 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.168094
Saint-Lager, J.B. (1889) Polygonaceae. In: Cariot, A. (Ed.) Étude des fleurs: Botanique descriptive, vol. 2. Libraire et imprimerie Vitte et Perrussel, Lyon, 1003 pp.
Sanchez, A. & Kron, K.A. (2008) Phylogenetics of Polygonaceae with an emphasis on the evolution of Eriogonoideae. Systematic Botany 33 (1): 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408783887456
Sanchez, A., Schuster, T.M., Burke, J.M. & Kron, K.A. (2011) Taxonomy of Polygonoideae (Polygonaceae): a new tribal classification. Taxon 60 (1): 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.601013
Schuster, T.M., Reveal, J.L., Bayly, M.J. & Kron, K.A. (2015) An updated molecular phylogeny of Polygonoideae (Polygonaceae): Relationships of Oxygonum, Pteroxygonum, and Rumex, and a new circumscription of Koenigia. Taxon 64 (6): 1188–1208. https://doi.org/10.12705/646.5
Shahla, S., Maasoumi, A.A., Hamd, S.M.M., Mehregan, I. & Nejadsattari, T. (2014) Fruit morphology of the genus Rumex L.(Polygonaceae) in Iran. Biodiversity and Environment Science Journal 5 (1): 655–663.
Smith, J.E. (1800) Flora Britannica, vol. 1. Typis J. Davis, veneunt apud J. White, Edinburgh, 454 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.125864
Soleimani, M., Jafari, A., Shahrokhabady, K.N. & Amiri Moghaddam, D. (2014) Comparative anatomical and palynological studies on Rumex L. species (Polygonaceae) in NE Iran. Greener Journal of Biological Science 4 (4): 111–115. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJBS.2014.4.041714190
Steudel, E.G. (1855) Synopsis plantarum glumacearum, vol. 1. J.B. Metzler, Stuttgartiae, 485 pp. Tawab, S.A., Wafaa, M., Said, R., Sayed, M.S. & Morsi, F.A. (2017) Morphological and anatomical studies on some dicot plant species collected from East Egypt desert. Journal of Scientific Research in Science 34: 602–610.
Thuillier, J.L. (1799) Flore des environs de Paris. A Paris : Chez la Veuve Desaint, Libraire, rue du Foint-Saint-Jacques, 550 pp. 
Tirgan, S., Naqinezhad, A., Moradi, H., Kazemi, Z., Vasefi, N. & Fenu, G. (2022) Caspian remnant coastal dunes: how do natural and anthropogenic factors impact on plant diversity and vegetation?. Plant Biosystems 156 (6): 1456–1469. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2022.2065376
Uddin, K., Rahman, A.H.M.M. & Islam, A.K.M.R. (2014) Taxonomy and traditional medicine practices of Polygonaceae (smartweed) family at rajshahi, bangladesh. International Journal of Advanced Research 2 (11): 459–469.
Ulcay, S. (2020) Comparative Anatomical Features Study of the Some Medicinal Rumex Species Distributed in Turkey. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences 32 (4): 450–457. https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.697779
Verloove, F., Chambouleyron, M. & Léger, J.F. (2022) Rumex chalepensis (Polygonaceae), a new species for Morocco and Africa. Journal: Mediterranean Botany 43: e74654. https://doi.org/10.5209/mbot.74654
Yasmin, G. (2009) Taxonomic studies of two major genera Polygonum L.(complex) and Rumex L. of Polygonaceae from Pakistan. PhD diss. Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 353 pp.
Yasmin, G., Khan, M.A., Shaheen, N. & Hayat, M.Q. (2010) Micromorphological investigation of foliar anatomy of Fagopyrum Mill. and Rumex L. of Polygonaceae. Pakistan Journal of Botany 42 (1): 47–57.