Abstract
A new, shrubby nothospecies, Kalanchoe ×sampsonii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) is described from South Africa. The parents of the nothospecies are K. ×hankeyi and K. sexangularis, both of which are included in K. subg. Kalanchoe. When exposed to direct solar irradiation, virtually all vegetative plant parts of K. ×hankeyi, one of the parents of K. ×sampsonii, will be reddish-infused, a character inherited from K. sexangularis, which is also one parent of K. ×hankeyi. This desirable horticultural trait was further enhanced through back-crossing with K. sexangularis. At reproductive maturity, plants of K. ×sampsonii bear large, dense-flowered inflorescences that structurally more closely resemble those of K. longiflora, the other parent of K. ×hankeyi. The flowers of K. ×sampsonii are larger than those of K. sexangularis and the corolla tube and lobes are more intensely yellow than those of both K. ×hankeyi and K. sexangularis.
References
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<p>Brown, N.E. (1913) 1436. <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em>. <em>In:</em> XVII—Diagnoses Africanae LIII. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Kew</em> 1913 (3): 120–121. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/43726#page/125/mode/1up]</p>
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<p>Smith, G.F. (2020a) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>estrelae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): a new nothospecies for the hybrid between <em>K. luciae</em> and <em>K. sexangularis</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 441 (2): 225–228. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.11</p>
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<p>Smith, G.F. (2020c) Zwei Neuzugänge im <em>Kalanchoe</em>-Gartenbau: <em>K</em>. ×<em>estrelae</em> and <em>K</em>. ×<em>gunniae</em>. / Two recent additions to <em>Kalanchoe</em> horticulture: <em>K</em>. ×<em>estrelae</em> and <em>K</em>. ×<em>gunniae</em>. <em>Avonia</em> 38 (4): 322–327.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020d) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>hankeyi</em> [= <em>K. longiflora</em> × <em>K. sexangularis</em>] (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new nothospecies from South Africa. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 451 (1): 93–96. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.451.1.9</p>
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<p>Smith, G.F. (2021b) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>leistneri</em> (<em>K. sexangularis</em> × <em>K. winteri</em>) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new southern African nothospecies. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 509 (2): 248–254. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.8</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2021c) Meet the kalanchoe people. New South African kalanchoe hybrids have been named in honour of key figures in our botany and horticulture. <em>Veld & Flora</em> 107 (2): 40–43.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2021d) Reinstatement of <em>Kalanchoe</em> [subg. <em>Bryophyllum</em>] sect. <em>Alatae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) for <em>K. porphyrocalyx</em> and <em>K. uniflora</em>, two Madagascan endemics. <em>Bradleya</em> 39: 177–181. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a17</p>
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<p>Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Oberlander, K. (2022) A review and update of the conservation status of <em>Kalanchoe</em> species (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the <em>Flora of Southern Africa</em> region. <em>Bradleya</em> 2022 (sp40): 181–193. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.sp40.2022.a18</p>
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<p>Smith, G.F., Klein, D.-P. & Shtein, R. (2021b) A revision of the Malagasy <em>Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Kitchingia</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): history, taxonomy, and nomenclature. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 507 (1): 67–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.1.3</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022a) The nomenclature and taxonomy of Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae resolved. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 555 (3): 241–251. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.3</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022b) (2908) Proposal to reject the name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae (Crassulaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 71 (4): 910–911. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12778</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021) A review of horticulturally desirable characters in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): variable and deviating vegetative and reproductive morphologies useful in breeding programmes. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 106–119. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0110</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Shtein, R. & Klein, D.-P. (2021a) <em>Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Alatae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new rank for <em>K</em>. sect. <em>Alatae</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 509 (2): 255–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Shtein, R., Klein, D.-P., Parihar, B., Almeida, A., Rodewald, S. & Kadereit, G. (2021c) Special Review. Sexual and asexual reproduction in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): a review of known and newly recorded strategies. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 2–22. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0101</p>
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<p>Baker, J.G. (1881 [21 February]) Notes on a collection of flowering plants made by L. Kitching, Esq., in Madagascar in 1879 (Plates VII. & VIII.). <em>Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany</em> 18: 264–281. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/8373#page/271/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Berger, A. (1930 [Mai]) Crassulaceae. Unterfam. II. Kalanchoideae [sic, Kalanchooideae]. 6. <em>Kalanchoe</em> Adanson. 7. <em>Kitchingia</em> Baker. 8. <em>Bryophyllum</em> Salisb. <em>In</em>: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (Eds.) <em>Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em>. ed. 2, 18a. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 402–412.</p>
<p>Brown, N.E. (1913) 1436. <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em>. <em>In:</em> XVII—Diagnoses Africanae LIII. <em>Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Kew</em> 1913 (3): 120–121. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/43726#page/125/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Figueiredo, E., Smith, G.F. & Crouch, N.R. (2016) The taxonomy and type of <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em> N.E.Br. (Crassulaceae). <em>Bradleya</em> 34: 92–99. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n34.2016.a24</p>
<p>IPNI. (2022+) <em>The International Plant Names Index</em>. Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ (continuously updated; accessed 31 December 2022)</p>
<p>Koorders, S.H. (1919 [Mai] [24 October 1918]) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Flora von Java No. 18. Beschreibung von <em>Kalanchoë Schumacheri</em> vom Idjen-Plateau und Revision der Crassulaceae von Java. (Mit 2 lithographischen Tafeln.). <em>Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg</em> sér. 3, 1(3): 169–180, Figures 14 and 15. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27173#page/205/mode/1up] (text) [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27173#page/243/mode/1up] (figures)</p>
<p>Raymond-Hamet. (1916) Sur un groupe de transition reliant le genre <em>Kalanchoe</em> au genre <em>Cotyledon</em>. <em>Revue Générale de Botanique. Paris</em> XXVIII: 80–84. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45180#page/83/mode/1up]</p>
<p>Raymond-Hamet (1933) Observations sur le <em>Kalanchoe uniflora</em> (Stapf) Raymond-Hamet. <em>Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France</em> 80 (4): 542–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1933.10833878</p>
<p>Salisbury, R.A. (1805 [1 June 1805]) <em>The Paradisus Londinensis: or coloured figures of plants cultivated in the vicinity of the metropolis</em> 1. Published by William Hooker, No. 6, Frith Street, city not stated, presumably London, 157 pp. & 117 plates. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53520</p>
<p>Sampson, J.D.S. (2018) Aloes as ambassadors for water-wise gardening at the University of Pretoria, 2010 to present. <em>Aloe</em> 54 (1): 10–16.</p>
<p>Smith, A. (1836) <em>Report of the expedition for exploring Central Africa, from the Cape of Good Hope, June 23, 1834, under the superintendence of Dr. A. Smith</em>. Government Gazette Office, Cape Town, 68 pp.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020a) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>estrelae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): a new nothospecies for the hybrid between <em>K. luciae</em> and <em>K. sexangularis</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 441 (2): 225–228. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.11</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020b) Plant smart. The big easy. Gardening with <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>Veld & Flora</em> 106 (3): 40–43.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020c) Zwei Neuzugänge im <em>Kalanchoe</em>-Gartenbau: <em>K</em>. ×<em>estrelae</em> and <em>K</em>. ×<em>gunniae</em>. / Two recent additions to <em>Kalanchoe</em> horticulture: <em>K</em>. ×<em>estrelae</em> and <em>K</em>. ×<em>gunniae</em>. <em>Avonia</em> 38 (4): 322–327.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020d) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>hankeyi</em> [= <em>K. longiflora</em> × <em>K. sexangularis</em>] (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new nothospecies from South Africa. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 451 (1): 93–96. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.451.1.9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020e) Character inheritance in <em>Kalanchoe </em>‘Vivien’ Bischofberger (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a cultivar derived from an interspecific hybrid between two southern African species (<em>K. luciae </em>Raym.-Hamet × <em>K. sexangularis </em>N.E.Br.). <em>Bradleya</em> 38: 3–13. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n38.2020.a1</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2020f) <em>Kalanchoe</em> Adans. subg. <em>Fernandesiae</em> Gideon F.Sm. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new subgenus from southern and south-tropical Africa. <em>Haseltonia</em> 27: 2–7. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.027.0101</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2021a) Cultivation notes. <em>Kalanchoe</em>. Supplement to <em>CactusWorld</em> 39 (1), March 2021, 2 pp.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2021b) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>leistneri</em> (<em>K. sexangularis</em> × <em>K. winteri</em>) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new southern African nothospecies. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 509 (2): 248–254. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.8</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2021c) Meet the kalanchoe people. New South African kalanchoe hybrids have been named in honour of key figures in our botany and horticulture. <em>Veld & Flora</em> 107 (2): 40–43.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2021d) Reinstatement of <em>Kalanchoe</em> [subg. <em>Bryophyllum</em>] sect. <em>Alatae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) for <em>K. porphyrocalyx</em> and <em>K. uniflora</em>, two Madagascan endemics. <em>Bradleya</em> 39: 177–181. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a17</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022a) Identity of <em>Kalanchoe</em> ‘Fang’ and <em>K</em>. ‘Rose Leaf’, two cultivars derived from <em>K</em>. ×<em>edwardii</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), with notes on aspects of interspecific hybridisation in the genus. <em>Bradleya</em> 40: 151–160. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n40.2022.a14</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022b) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>trageri</em>, at last a name for <em>K. blossfeldiana</em> × <em>K. pumila</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a horticulturally successful nothospecies. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 550 (1): 45–58. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.550.1.3</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022c) Notes on <em>Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Bryophyllum</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) and the kalanchoes of Sijfert H. Koorders (1919). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 549 (1): 87–96. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.7</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022d) <em>Kalanchoe</em> sect. <em>Raveta</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) of Raymond-Hamet (1916): a long-overlooked name in <em>K</em>. subg. <em>Kalanchoe</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 550 (2): 208–212. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.550.2.10</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022e) Date and place of publication and author attribution of the combination <em>Kalanchoe</em> sect. <em>Raveta</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 560 (1): 131–134. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.560.1.12</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022f) Of paddles, soup plates, and clubs: the taxonomy of the southern and south-tropical African <em>Kalanchoe</em> sect. <em>Raveta</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae;<em> Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Kalanchoe</em>) and its constituent species. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 568 (1): 8–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.1.2</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2022g) A review of the ecology and natural history of <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in southern Africa. <em>Bradleya</em> 40: 161–184. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n40.2022.a15</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. (2023) A reassessment of combinations previously proposed or published for <em>Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Alatae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) and its valid publication at the rank of subgenus. <em>Phytotaxa.</em> [in press]</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2017) The taxonomy of <em>Kalanchoe longiflora</em> Schltr. ex J.M.Wood (Crassulaceae), an endemic of South Africa’s Maputaland-Pondoland Region of Endemism.<em> Bradleya</em> 35: 122–128. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n35.2017.a11</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2018) The infrageneric classification and nomenclature of <em>Kalanchoe </em>Adans. (Crassulaceae), with special reference to the southern African species. <em>Bradleya </em>36: 162–172. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a10</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2020) <em>Aloe</em> ×<em>engelbrechtii</em> (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a new South African nothospecies with <em>A. arborescens</em> and <em>A. hardyi</em> as parents. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 464 (3): 252–256. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.464.3.8</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2021) <em>Kalanchoe pumila</em>. Crassulaceae: Kalanchooideae. Madagascar. <em>Flowering Plants of Africa</em> 67: 92–102, plate 2369.</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2022) Nomenclatural notes on the economically important Flaming Katy, <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 549 (1): 104–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Oberlander, K. (2022) A review and update of the conservation status of <em>Kalanchoe</em> species (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the <em>Flora of Southern Africa</em> region. <em>Bradleya</em> 2022 (sp40): 181–193. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.sp40.2022.a18</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E., Loureiro, J. & Crouch, N.R. (2019b) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>gunniae</em> Gideon F.Sm & Figueiredo (Crassulaceae), a new South African nothospecies derived from <em>Kalanchoe paniculata</em> Harv. × <em>Kalanchoe sexangularis</em> N.E.Br.<em> Bradleya</em> 37: 141–150. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n37.2019.a9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Van Wyk, A.E. (2019a) Kalanchoe <em>(Crassulaceae) in southern Africa. Classification, biology, and cultivation</em>. Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London, San Diego, Cambridge (U.S.A.), and Oxford, 328 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-00602-X</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Hankey, A. (2021) <em>Kalanchoe</em> ×<em>forbesiae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) derived from <em>K. lubangensis</em> × <em>K. sexangularis</em>: towards improved horticultural material. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 528 (5): 290–300. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.528.5.3</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Klein, D.-P. & Shtein, R. (2021b) A revision of the Malagasy <em>Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Kitchingia</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): history, taxonomy, and nomenclature. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 507 (1): 67–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.1.3</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022a) The nomenclature and taxonomy of Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae resolved. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 555 (3): 241–251. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.3</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022b) (2908) Proposal to reject the name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae (Crassulaceae). <em>Taxon</em> 71 (4): 910–911. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12778</p>
<p>Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021) A review of horticulturally desirable characters in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): variable and deviating vegetative and reproductive morphologies useful in breeding programmes. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 106–119. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0110</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Shtein, R. & Klein, D.-P. (2021a) <em>Kalanchoe</em> subg. <em>Alatae</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new rank for <em>K</em>. sect. <em>Alatae</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 509 (2): 255–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.9</p>
<p>Smith, G.F., Shtein, R., Klein, D.-P., Parihar, B., Almeida, A., Rodewald, S. & Kadereit, G. (2021c) Special Review. Sexual and asexual reproduction in <em>Kalanchoe</em> (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): a review of known and newly recorded strategies. <em>Haseltonia</em> 28: 2–22. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0101</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2022+) <em>Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (continuously updated; accessed 31 December 2022)</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. [Regnum Vegetabile 159], 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Wood, J. Medley. (1903) <em>Kalanchoe longiflora</em>, Schlechter, MSS. Natural Order, Crassulaceae. <em>Natal Plants</em>, Vol. 4, part I. Bennet & Davis, Durban, Plate 320.</p>