Abstract
Brachypterum was highly supported as a distinct genus from Derris within the tribe Millettieae by recent molecular and mophological evidence. Brachypterum pseudorobustum (basionym: Derris pseudorobusta) and Derris robusta var. assamica were originally described on fruiting collections from Northeast India, and their flowers were never described. The former species was considered be unique in having habit of scandent shrub, 15-foliolate leaves with minutely puberulous hairs, and one-winged pods usually with multiple seeds per pod. The latter taxon is still remained in Derris, although D. robusta has been accepted as Brachypterum robustum. However, our comparision of characters suggests the former species is quite similar with B. eriocarpum in various characters including its habit, leaf and pod traits, and the latter taxon most closely matches the features of Robinia pseudoacacia from the tribe Robinieae. As a result, Brachypterum pseudorobustum and Derris robusta var. assamica are both excluded from the accepted species list of Brachypterum in this study. A key to all the eleven accepted species of Brachypterum is first provided.
References
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<p>Hutchinson, J. (1964) <em>Genera of flowering plants (Angiospermae)</em>. The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 495 pp.</p>
<p>Jarvis, C.E., Barrie, F.R., Allan, D.M. & Reveal, J.L. (1993) <em>A list of Linnaean generic names and their types</em>. Koeltz Scientific. Königstein, 100 pp.</p>
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<p>Muthoo, M.K. & Kango, G.H. (1965) <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em> Linn. in India with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir. <em>Indian Forester</em> 91 (2): 126‒130. https://doi.org/10.36808/if/1965/v91i2/25085</p>
<p>Polhill, R.M. (1994) Complete synopsis of legume genera. <em>In: </em>Bisby, F.A., Buckingham, J. & Harbome, J.B. (Eds.) <em>Phytochemical dictionary of the Leguminosae</em>, Vol. 1: Plants and their Constituents. CRC Press, pp. 49‒57</p>
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<p>Sirichamorn, Y., Adema, F.A., Gravendeel, B. & van Welzen, P.C. (2012b) Phylogeny of palaeotropic <em>Derris</em>—like taxa (Fabaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences shows reorganization of (infra) generic classifications is needed. <em>American Journal of Botany </em>99 (11): 1793–1808. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1200390</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y., Adema, F.A., Roos, M.C. & van Welzen, P.C. (2014) Molecular and morphological phylogenetic reconstruction reveals a new generic delimitation of Asian <em>Derris</em> (Fabaceae): Reinstatement of <em>Solori</em> and synonymisation of <em>Paraderris</em> with <em>Derris</em>.<em> Taxon</em> 63 (3): 522–538. https://doi.org/10.12705/633.13</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y. & Adema, F.A. (2020) Four new combinations in the legume genus <em>Brachypterum</em>. <em>Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)</em> 48 (1): 57‒60. https://doi.org/10.20531/tfb.2020.48.1.10</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y. (2020) <em>Brachypterum</em>. <em>In: </em>Chayamarit, K. & Balslev, H. (Eds.) <em>Flora of Thailand </em>Vol. 4 Part 3.2. Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, pp. 382‒389.</p>
<p>Thothathri, K. (1962) Studies in Leguminosae 1. A taxonomic revision of the genus <em>Derris </em>Lour. in India. <em>Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India</em> 3: 175–200.</p>
<p>Thothathri, K. (1982) Leguminosae: Genus <em>Derris</em>. <em>Flora of India, Fascicle</em> 8: 1‒33.</p>
<p>Troup, R.S. (1921) <em>The Silviculture of Indian: Dilleniaccae to Leguminosae (Papilionaceae)</em>. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 336 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, pp. 1–254. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Wang, F.Z. & Tang, J. (1955) <em>Derris</em>. <em>In:</em> Instition of Botany, Chinese Academy Sciences (Org.) <em>Illustrated treatment of the principal plants of China (Leguminosae)</em>. Science Press, pp. 588–597.</p>
<p>Wight, R. & Arnott, G.A.W. (1834) <em>Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis</em> 1. Parbury, Allen & Co., London, 480 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.252</p>
<p>Adema, F.A. (2003) Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae–Papilionoideae). 11. The genus <em>Derris</em>. <em>Blumea</em> 48 (2): 393‒419. https://doi.org/10.3767/000651903X675035</p>
<p>Adema, F.A. & Sirichamorn, Y. (2019) Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 20. The genus <em>Brachypterum</em>. <em>Blumea</em> 64 (3): 278‒279. https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2019.64.03.09</p>
<p>Anonymous (1972) <em>Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum</em>, vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing, 1157 pp.</p>
<p>Baker, J.G. (1876) Leguminosae. <em>In: </em>Hooker, J.D. (Ed) <em>Flora British India </em>Vol. 2. L. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 56‒306.</p>
<p>Bentham, G. (1837) <em>Commentationes de Leguminosarum Generibus</em>. Typis J.P. Sollingeri, Vienna, 78 pp.</p>
<p>Bentham, G. (1852) Leguminosae. <em>In: </em>Miquel, F.A.W. (Ed.) <em>Plantae Junghuhnianae</em> 2. Sythoff, Leiden, pp. 205–269.</p>
<p>Bentham, G. (1860) Synopsis of Dalbergieae, a tribe of Leguminosae. <em>Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany</em> 4 (suppl.): 1–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1860.tb02464.x</p>
<p>Candolle, A.P. de (1825) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetibilis</em> 2. Treuttel & Würtz, Paris, 644 pp.</p>
<p>Chen, D.Z. & Pedley, L. (2010) <em>Derris </em>Loureiro. <em>In: </em>Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em> 10. Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 166–170.</p>
<p>Chen, P.Y. (1994)<em> Derris </em>Lour. <em>In: </em>Wei, Z. (Ed.) <em>Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae </em>40. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 191–212.</p>
<p>Cierjacks, A., Kowarik, I., Joshi, J., Hempel, S., Ristow, M., von der Lippe, M. & Weber, E. (2013) Biological flora of the British Isles: <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em>. <em>Journal of Ecology</em> 101 (6): 1623–1640. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12162</p>
<p>Dalzell, N.A. & Gibson, A. (1861) <em>The Bombay Flora</em>. Education Society Press, Byculla, 332 pp.</p>
<p>Franchet, A.R. (1889) <em>Plantae Delavayanae</em>. Paul Klincksieck, Paris, 240 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10529</p>
<p>Gagnepain, F. (1913) Especes nouvelles de <em>Millettia</em>. <em>Notulae Systematicae</em> 2: 350–367.</p>
<p>Gagnepain, F. (1916) Léguminosae: Papilionées. <em>In:</em> Lecomte, M.H. & Gagnepain, F. (Eds.) <em>Flore Générale de I’Indo-Chine</em>. Tome Deuxieme. Masson et Cie, Editeurs, Paris, pp. 361–504.</p>
<p>Geesink, R. (1981) Tribe 6. Tephrosieae (Benth.) Hutch. (1964). <em>In: </em>Polhill, R.M. & Raven, P.H. (Eds.) <em>Advances in Legume Systematics</em>, Part 1. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, pp. 245–260.</p>
<p>Geesink, R. (1984) <em>Scala Millettiearum. A survey of the genera of the tribe Millettieae (Legum.-Pap.) with methodological considerations</em>. Leiden Botanical Series 8. E. J. Brill & Leiden University Press, Leiden, 131 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806098</p>
<p>Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1933) Botanische Ergebnisse der Expedition der Akademie der Wisssenschaften in Wien nach Südwest-China 1914/1918. VII. Anthophyta. <em>Symbolae Sinicae</em> 7 (3): 449–730. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.878</p>
<p>How, F.C. (1954) A review of the Chinese species of <em>Derris</em>. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 3: 207–236.</p>
<p>Hutchinson, J. (1964) <em>Genera of flowering plants (Angiospermae)</em>. The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 495 pp.</p>
<p>Jarvis, C.E., Barrie, F.R., Allan, D.M. & Reveal, J.L. (1993) <em>A list of Linnaean generic names and their types</em>. Koeltz Scientific. Königstein, 100 pp.</p>
<p>Kanjilal, U.N., Kanjilal P.C., Das, A. & Dey, R.N. (1938) <em>Flora of Assam</em> Vol. 2. Lakshminarayan Nath Prabasi Press, Calcutta, pp. 1–409.</p>
<p>Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003) <em>Legumes of south Asia</em>: <em>a check-list</em>. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, pp. 1–455.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.</p>
<p>Lôc, P.K. & Vidal, J.E. (2001) Legumineuses–Papilionoideae–Millettieae. <em>In:</em> Morat, P. (Ed.) <em>Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Viêtnam</em> Vol. 30. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, pp. 1–191.</p>
<p>Loureiro, J. de (1790) <em>Flora Cochinchinensis: sistens plantas in regno Cochinchina nascentes: quibus accedunt aliae observatae in Sinensi Imperio, Africa orientali, Indiaeque locis variis: omnes dispositae secundum systema sexuale Linnaeanum</em>. Typis, et Expensis Academicis, Ulyssipone, 882 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.40199</p>
<p>Miquel, F.A.W. (1855) <em>Flora van nederlandsch Indie</em>. Vol. 1. Fleischer, Leipzig, 1116 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.93</p>
<p>Miquel, F.A.W. (1861) <em>Flora Indiae Batavae</em>, Vol. IV. Fleischer, Leipzig, pp. 280−617.</p>
<p>Muthoo, M.K. & Kango, G.H. (1965) <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em> Linn. in India with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir. <em>Indian Forester</em> 91 (2): 126‒130. https://doi.org/10.36808/if/1965/v91i2/25085</p>
<p>Polhill, R.M. (1994) Complete synopsis of legume genera. <em>In: </em>Bisby, F.A., Buckingham, J. & Harbome, J.B. (Eds.) <em>Phytochemical dictionary of the Leguminosae</em>, Vol. 1: Plants and their Constituents. CRC Press, pp. 49‒57</p>
<p>Roxburgh, W. (1805) <em>Dalbergia scandens</em>. <em>Plants of the Coast of Coromandel </em>2 (4): 49.</p>
<p>Sanjappa, M. (1992) <em>Legumes of India</em>. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, pp. 1‒291.</p>
<p>Schrire, B.D. (2005) Tribe Millettieae. <em>In:</em> Lewis, G., Schrire, B., Mackinder, B. & Lock, M. (Eds.) <em>Legumes of the World</em>. Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, pp. 367–387.</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y., Adema, F.A.C.B. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2012a) The Genera <em>Aganope</em>, <em>Derris</em>, and <em>Paraderris </em>(Fabaceae, Millettieae) in Thailand.<em>Systematic Botany </em>37: 404–436. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X635467</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y., Adema, F.A., Gravendeel, B. & van Welzen, P.C. (2012b) Phylogeny of palaeotropic <em>Derris</em>—like taxa (Fabaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences shows reorganization of (infra) generic classifications is needed. <em>American Journal of Botany </em>99 (11): 1793–1808. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1200390</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y., Adema, F.A., Roos, M.C. & van Welzen, P.C. (2014) Molecular and morphological phylogenetic reconstruction reveals a new generic delimitation of Asian <em>Derris</em> (Fabaceae): Reinstatement of <em>Solori</em> and synonymisation of <em>Paraderris</em> with <em>Derris</em>.<em> Taxon</em> 63 (3): 522–538. https://doi.org/10.12705/633.13</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y. & Adema, F.A. (2020) Four new combinations in the legume genus <em>Brachypterum</em>. <em>Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)</em> 48 (1): 57‒60. https://doi.org/10.20531/tfb.2020.48.1.10</p>
<p>Sirichamorn, Y. (2020) <em>Brachypterum</em>. <em>In: </em>Chayamarit, K. & Balslev, H. (Eds.) <em>Flora of Thailand </em>Vol. 4 Part 3.2. Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, pp. 382‒389.</p>
<p>Thothathri, K. (1962) Studies in Leguminosae 1. A taxonomic revision of the genus <em>Derris </em>Lour. in India. <em>Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India</em> 3: 175–200.</p>
<p>Thothathri, K. (1982) Leguminosae: Genus <em>Derris</em>. <em>Flora of India, Fascicle</em> 8: 1‒33.</p>
<p>Troup, R.S. (1921) <em>The Silviculture of Indian: Dilleniaccae to Leguminosae (Papilionaceae)</em>. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 336 pp.</p>
<p>Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.H., Li, D.Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) <em>International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017</em>. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, pp. 1–254. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</p>
<p>Wang, F.Z. & Tang, J. (1955) <em>Derris</em>. <em>In:</em> Instition of Botany, Chinese Academy Sciences (Org.) <em>Illustrated treatment of the principal plants of China (Leguminosae)</em>. Science Press, pp. 588–597.</p>
<p>Wight, R. & Arnott, G.A.W. (1834) <em>Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis</em> 1. Parbury, Allen & Co., London, 480 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.252</p>