Abstract
Pilea bradei is described as a new species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Biome, with records in Serra da Mantiqueira and Serra da Bocaina, Southeastern Brazil. Of the species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Biome that do not have trichomes and that present punctiform, linear, or fusiform cystoliths (and not cystoliths of other shapes), P. bradei is the only one that has fusiform cystoliths over the veins and other parts of the abaxial surface (vs. linear or fusiform cystoliths absent or only over the veins). The description is accompanied by a preliminary extinction threat assessment according to IUCN Red List categories and criteria, which classifies Pilea bradei as Endangered (EN). We also provide an updated checklist and a key for Pilea species from the Atlantic Forest Biome circumscribed to Southeastern Brazil.
References
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Brack, P. (1989) Urticaceae do Rio Grande do Sul. Dissertation (Masters in Botany). Postgraduate Program in Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, 91 pp.
Brack, P. (1993) Pilea aparadensis (Urticaceae), nova espécie do Sul do Brasil. Napaea 9: 1–2.
Burger, W.C. (1977) Urticaceae. In: Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana, Botany 40: 218–283. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2401
Cabral, F.S. Gaglioti, A.L. & Fiaschi, P. (2020) Two New Species of Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) from Southern Brazil. Systematic Botany 45 (4): 822–825. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364420X16033962925268
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Chen, C.J. & Monro, A.K. (2003) Pilea. In: Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (Eds.) Flora of China, vol. 5. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, pp. 76–189.
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JABOT (2021) Banco de Dados da Flora Brasileira. Available from: http://jabot.jbrj.gov.br/v3/consulta.php (accessed 2 April 2021)
JSTOR (2021) Global Plants. Available from: https://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed 2 April 2021)
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Killip, E.P. (1936) New species of Pilea from the Andes. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 26 (8): I–V, 367–394, VII–VIII.
Killip, E.P. (1939) The Andean species of Pilea. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 26 (10): I–V, 475–530, VII–VIII.
Killip, E.P. (1960) Pilea. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 47 (2): 179–187.
Krauze, K. (1906) Pilea minutiflora. In: Urban, I. Plantae novae andinae imprimis Weberbauerianae II. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. Leipzig 37 (5): 529.
Liebmann, F.M. (1851) Mexicos og Central-Americas neldeagtige planter (Ordo: Urticaceae) indbefattende Familierne: Urticeae, Moreae, Artocarpeae og Ulmaceae. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs skrifter. Naturvidenskabelige og mathematisk afdeling. Copenhagen 5 (2): 285–343.
Lima, V.C. (1985) Urticaceae de Pernambuco – Estudo Taxonômico. Dissertation (Masters in Botany). Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, 148 pp.
Lindley, J. (1821) Collectanea botanica, or Figures and botanical illustrations of rare and curious exotic plants. Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor, London, tab. 4. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6215
Linnaeus, C. (1759) Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm], p. 1308. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
Martins, E.G.A. & Pirani, J.R. (2010) Pilea. Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Urticaceae. Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo 28 (2): 169–170. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v28i2p161-173
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Monro, A.K. (2001) Synopsis of Mesoamerican Pilea (Urticaceae), including eighteen typifications and a key to the species. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum. Botany series 31 (1): 9–25.
Monro, A.K. (2004) Three new species, and three new names in Pilea (Urticaceae) from New Guinea. Contributions to the Flora of Mt Jaya XV. Kew Bulletin 59: 573–579. https://doi.org/10.2307/4110914
Monro, A.K. (2006) The revision of species-rich genera: a phylogenetic framework for the strategic revision of Pilea (Urticaceae) based on cpDNA, nrDNA, and morphology. American Journal of Botany 93 (3): 426–441. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.3.426
Monro, A.K. (2014) Pilea. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, M., Knapp, S. & Chiang, F. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana, Volume 2, Part 3, Chapter: Urticaceae. Universidad Autónoma de México, Missouri Botanical Garden, The Natural History Museum, pp. 138–160.
Monro, A.K., Wei, Y.G. & Chen, C.J. (2012) Three new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from limestone karst in China. PhytoKeys 19: 51–66. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.19.3968
Nicolson, D.H. (1991) Pilea. Flora of Dominica. Part 2: Dicotyledoneae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 77: 220–221. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.77
Paglia, I., Luber, J., Mansano, V.F. & Freitas, L. (2022) A narrowly endemic species of Begoniaceae: rediscovery, distribution and conservation of Begonia jocelinoi. Oryx 56 (6): 935–938. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605321000740
Rapini, A. (2004) Classes or individuals? The paradox of systematics revisited. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 35 (4): 675–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2004.09.006
Reflora (2021) Herbário Virtual. Available from: http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/ (accessed 2 April 2021)
Romaniuc-Neto, S., Gaglioti, A.L. & Guido, B.M.D.O. (2009) Urticaceae Juss. do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Hoehnea 36: 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062009000100012
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Soares, J.F. & Miotto, S.T.S. (in prep.) The genus Pilea (Urticaceae) in the Atlantic Forest Biome, Brazil.
Sorarú, S.B. (1972) Revisión de las Urticaceae argentinas. Darwiniana 17: 246–325.
Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.C. (1952) Pilea. Flora of Guatemala 24 (3). Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, pp. 410–422. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2255
Steinmann, V.W. (2005) Urticaceace - Flora del Bajío y de regiones adyacentes 134. 82 pp.
Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 11 October 2021)
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Vianna-Filho, M.D.M. & Alves, R.J.V. (2010) Pilea carautae (Urticaceae), a new and endemic species from South-eastern Brazil. Kew Bulletin 65 (3): 469–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-010-9222-3
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Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
Bassett, I.J., Crompton, C.W. & Woodland, D.W. (1974) The family Urticaceae in Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 52 (3): 503–516. https://doi.org/10.1139/b74-065
Beentje, H.J. (2010) The Kew Plant Glossary: An Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Identification terms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 160 pp.
Brack, P. (1987) Duas espécies novas de Pilea (Urticaceae) do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Napaea 3: 1–4.
Brack, P. (1989) Urticaceae do Rio Grande do Sul. Dissertation (Masters in Botany). Postgraduate Program in Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, 91 pp.
Brack, P. (1993) Pilea aparadensis (Urticaceae), nova espécie do Sul do Brasil. Napaea 9: 1–2.
Burger, W.C. (1977) Urticaceae. In: Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana, Botany 40: 218–283. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2401
Cabral, F.S. Gaglioti, A.L. & Fiaschi, P. (2020) Two New Species of Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) from Southern Brazil. Systematic Botany 45 (4): 822–825. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364420X16033962925268
Chen, C.J. (1982) A monograph of Pilea (Urticaceae) in China. Bulletin of Botanical Research 2: 1–132.
Chen, C.J. & Monro, A.K. (2003) Pilea. In: Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (Eds.) Flora of China, vol. 5. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, pp. 76–189.
CRIA (2021) (Centro de Referência e Informação Ambiental). speciesLink—simple search. Available from: https://specieslink.net/search/ (accessed 10 April 2021)
De Lírio, E., Freitas, J., Negrão, R., Martinelli, G. & Peixoto, A. (2018) A hundred years’ tale: Rediscovery of Mollinedia stenophylla (Monimiaceae) in the Atlantic rainforest, Brazil. Oryx 52 (3): 437–441. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605316001654
Ellis, B., Daly, D.C., Hickey, L.J., Johnson, K.R., Mitchell, J.D., Wilf, P. & Wing, S.L. (2009) Manual of leaf architecture. Cornell University Press. 190 pp. Available from: https://bit.ly/3aSioWD (accessed 14 May 2021) https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845935849.0000
Fenzl, E. (1849) Urticaceae. Nova quaedam genera et species plantarum vascularium. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. Vienna 1: 256–257.
Florence, J. (1997) Pilea. Flore de la Polynésie française. IRD Editions 2: 232–241.
Friis, I. (1989) A revision of Pilea (Urticaceae) in Africa. Kew bulletin 44 (4): 557–600. https://doi.org/10.2307/4110426
Friis, I. (1993) Urticaceae. Flowering Plants· Dicotyledons. Springer: 612–630. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02899-5_76
Fu, L.F., Wen, F., Maurin, O., Rodda, M., Gardner, E.M., Xin, Z.B., Wei, Y.G. & Monro, A.K. (2022) A revised delimitation of the species-rich genus Pilea (Urticaceae) supports the resurrection of Achudemia and a new infrageneric classification. Taxon 71 (4): 796–813. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12711
Gaglioti, A.L. & Romaniuc-Neto, S. (2012) Urticaceae. In: Wanderley, M. G. L. et al. (eds.). Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo. Instituto de Botânica 7: 331–362.
Gaudichaud-Beaupré, C. (1830) Botanique. In: Voyage autour du Monde, entrepris par ordre du Roi. Exeìcuteì sur les Corvettes de S.M. l’Uranie et la Physicienne, pendant les anneìes 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820, 4. Paris, 522 pp.
GBIF (2021) Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Available from: https://www.gbif.org/api/widgets/literature/button?YOUR_FILTER (accessed 2 April 2021)
IPNI - The International Plant Names Index (2021 [continuously updated]) Available from: http://www.ipni.org (accessed 1 September 2021)
IUCN (2019) Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee.
JABOT (2021) Banco de Dados da Flora Brasileira. Available from: http://jabot.jbrj.gov.br/v3/consulta.php (accessed 2 April 2021)
JSTOR (2021) Global Plants. Available from: https://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed 2 April 2021)
Jussieu, A.L. (1789). Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita, juxta methoclum in horto regio parisiensi exaratum, anno m.d.cc.lxxiv. Parisiis, 498 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7762
Killip, E.P. (1934) Pilea ulei. In: Killip, E. P. New plants mainly from western South America. — IV. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 24 (1): 42–43.
Killip, E.P. (1936) New species of Pilea from the Andes. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 26 (8): I–V, 367–394, VII–VIII.
Killip, E.P. (1939) The Andean species of Pilea. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 26 (10): I–V, 475–530, VII–VIII.
Killip, E.P. (1960) Pilea. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 47 (2): 179–187.
Krauze, K. (1906) Pilea minutiflora. In: Urban, I. Plantae novae andinae imprimis Weberbauerianae II. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. Leipzig 37 (5): 529.
Liebmann, F.M. (1851) Mexicos og Central-Americas neldeagtige planter (Ordo: Urticaceae) indbefattende Familierne: Urticeae, Moreae, Artocarpeae og Ulmaceae. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs skrifter. Naturvidenskabelige og mathematisk afdeling. Copenhagen 5 (2): 285–343.
Lima, V.C. (1985) Urticaceae de Pernambuco – Estudo Taxonômico. Dissertation (Masters in Botany). Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, 148 pp.
Lindley, J. (1821) Collectanea botanica, or Figures and botanical illustrations of rare and curious exotic plants. Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor, London, tab. 4. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6215
Linnaeus, C. (1759) Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm], p. 1308. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
Martins, E.G.A. & Pirani, J.R. (2010) Pilea. Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Urticaceae. Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo 28 (2): 169–170. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v28i2p161-173
Martins, E.M., Fernandes, F., Maurenza, D., Pougy, N., Loyola, R. & Martinelli, G. (2014) Plano de Ação Nacional para a Conservação do Faveiro-de-wilson (Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizzini). Andrea Jakobsson Estúdio: Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 52 pp.
Miquel, F.A.G. (1853) Urticineae. In: Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.) Flora brasiliensis, 4 (1). Typographia Regia, Monachii, Lipsiae, pp. 77–222, tab. 62–70.
Monro, A.K. (2001) Synopsis of Mesoamerican Pilea (Urticaceae), including eighteen typifications and a key to the species. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum. Botany series 31 (1): 9–25.
Monro, A.K. (2004) Three new species, and three new names in Pilea (Urticaceae) from New Guinea. Contributions to the Flora of Mt Jaya XV. Kew Bulletin 59: 573–579. https://doi.org/10.2307/4110914
Monro, A.K. (2006) The revision of species-rich genera: a phylogenetic framework for the strategic revision of Pilea (Urticaceae) based on cpDNA, nrDNA, and morphology. American Journal of Botany 93 (3): 426–441. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.3.426
Monro, A.K. (2014) Pilea. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, M., Knapp, S. & Chiang, F. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana, Volume 2, Part 3, Chapter: Urticaceae. Universidad Autónoma de México, Missouri Botanical Garden, The Natural History Museum, pp. 138–160.
Monro, A.K., Wei, Y.G. & Chen, C.J. (2012) Three new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from limestone karst in China. PhytoKeys 19: 51–66. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.19.3968
Nicolson, D.H. (1991) Pilea. Flora of Dominica. Part 2: Dicotyledoneae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 77: 220–221. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.77
Paglia, I., Luber, J., Mansano, V.F. & Freitas, L. (2022) A narrowly endemic species of Begoniaceae: rediscovery, distribution and conservation of Begonia jocelinoi. Oryx 56 (6): 935–938. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605321000740
Rapini, A. (2004) Classes or individuals? The paradox of systematics revisited. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 35 (4): 675–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2004.09.006
Reflora (2021) Herbário Virtual. Available from: http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/ (accessed 2 April 2021)
Romaniuc-Neto, S., Gaglioti, A.L. & Guido, B.M.D.O. (2009) Urticaceae Juss. do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Hoehnea 36: 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062009000100012
Schlechtendal, D.F.L von (1856) Pilea. In: Corollarium observationum in plantas hortenses Halae Saxonum anno MDCCCLV et jam prius cultas institutarum a Schlechiendalio. Linnaea 27 (4): 489–499.
Soares, J.F. & Miotto, S.T.S. (in prep.) The genus Pilea (Urticaceae) in the Atlantic Forest Biome, Brazil.
Sorarú, S.B. (1972) Revisión de las Urticaceae argentinas. Darwiniana 17: 246–325.
Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.C. (1952) Pilea. Flora of Guatemala 24 (3). Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, pp. 410–422. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2255
Steinmann, V.W. (2005) Urticaceace - Flora del Bajío y de regiones adyacentes 134. 82 pp.
Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 11 October 2021)
Toledo, J.F. (1946) Pilea ac Smilax novae descriptae atque iconibus illustratae. Arquivos de Botânica do Estado de São Paulo 2 (2): 25–26.
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Glashütten: Koeltz Botanical Books. 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Vianna-Filho, M.D.M. & Alves, R.J.V. (2010) Pilea carautae (Urticaceae), a new and endemic species from South-eastern Brazil. Kew Bulletin 65 (3): 469–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-010-9222-3
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