Abstract
Xerocomellus perezmorenoi (Boletaceae, Boletales) is described as a new species from Mexico. This species was collected under Abies religiosa in mixed coniferous forest located in three localities (Puebla, Tlaxcala, and State of Mexico) in central Mexico. It is morphologically characterized by its small-sized basidiomata, pileus brown at the center and cream with pink to purple tones at the margin, almost blackish at the center when young, black-brown when mature, pores lilac, peach to salmon when young, yellow citrine at mature; violet or violet-brown color reaction of the context when cut; basidiospores (12–) 15–16 (–17) × 4–5 (–6) µm. Phylogenetic analyses (Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) based on multi-locus sequences confirmed X. perezmorenoi is a new species, with biocultural importance due to edibility. Detailed a description, photographs, analyses of phylogenetics, and taxonomic discussions are presented.
References
<p>Ayala-Sánchez, N., Soria-Mercado, I.E., Romero-Bautista, L., López-Herrera, M., Rico-Mora, R. & Portillo-López, A. (2015) <em>Los hongos Agaricales de las áreas de encino del estado de Baja California, México</em>. Estudios en Biodiversidad. 19. University of Nebraska, 315 pp.</p>
<p>Ayala-Vásquez, O. (2021) <em>Taxonomía, biogeografía y filogenia de los hongos del orden Boletales en la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, México. Tesis de doctorado en Ciencias de la Biología</em>. Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 303 pp.</p>
<p>Crous, P.W., Wingfield, M.J., Richardson, D.M., Leroux, J.J., Strasberg, D., Edwards, J., Roets, F., Hubka, V., Taylor, P.W.J., Heykoop, M., Martín, M.P., Moreno, G., Sutton, D.A., Wiederhold, N.P., Barnes, C.W., Carlavilla, J.R., Gené, J., Giraldo, A., Guarnaccia, V., Guarro, J., Hernández-Restrepo, M., Kolařík, M., Manjón, J.L., Pascoe, I.G., Popov, E.S., Sandoval-Denis, M., Woudenberg, J.H.C., Acharya, K., Alexandrova, A.V., Alvarado, P., Barbosa, R.N., Baseia, I.G., Blanchette, R.A., Boekhout, T., Burgess, T.I., Cano-Lira, J.F., Čmoková, A., Dimitrov, R.A., Dyakov, M.Yu., Dueñas, M., Dutta, A.K., Esteve-Raventós, F., Fedosova, A.G., Fournier, J., Gamboa, P., Gouliamova, D.E., Grebenc, T., Groenewald, M., Hanse, B., Hardy, G.E.ST.J., Held, B.W., Jurjević, Ž, Kaewgrajang, T., Latha, K.P.D., Lombard, L., Luangsa-ard, J.J., Lysková, P., Mallátová, N., Manimohan, P., Miller, A.N., Mirabolfathy, M., Morozova, O.V., Obodai, M., Oliveira, N.T., Ordóñez, M.E., Otto, E.C., Paloi, S., Peterson, S.W., Phosri, C., Roux, J., Salazar, W.A., Sánchez, A., Sarria, G.A., Shin, H.-D., Silva, B.D.B., Silva, G.A., Smith, M.TH., Souza-Motta, C.M., Stchigel, A.M., Stoilova-Disheva, M.M., Sulzbacher, M.A., Telleria, M.T., Toapanta, C., Traba, J.M., Valenzuela-Lopez, N., Watling, R. & Groenewald, J.Z. (2016) Fungal Planet description sheets: 400-468. Persoonia- <em>Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi</em> 36: 316–458. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692185</p>
<p>Farid, A., Bessette, A.E., Bessette, A.R., Bolin, J.A., Kudzma, L.V., Franck, A.R. & Garey, J.R. (2021) Investigations in the boletes (Boletaceae) of southeastern USA: four novel species, and three novel combinations. <em>Mycosphere</em> 12: 1038–1076. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/12</p>
<p>Frandsen, P.B., Calcott, B., Mayer, C. & Lanfear, R. (2015) Automatic selection of partitioning schemes for phylogenetic analyses using iterative k-means clustering of site rates. <em>BMC Evolutionary Biology</em> 15: 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0283-7</p>
<p>Frank, J.L., Siegel, N., Schwarz, C.F., Araki, B. & Vellinga, E.C. (2020) <em>Xerocomellus</em> (Boletaceae) in western North America. <em>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</em> 6: 265–288. https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2020.06.13</p>
<p>García-Jiménez, J. & Garza-Ocañas, F. (2001) Conocimiento de los hongos de la familia Boletaceae en México. <em>Ciencia Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León</em> 4: 336–434.</p>
<p>Garza-Ocañas, F., García Jiménez, J., Guevara-Guerrero, G., Martínez-González, C.R., Ayala-Vásquez, O. & de la Fuente, J.I. (2022) <em>Xerocomellus carmeniae</em> (Boletales, Basidiomycota), a new fungus from northeastern Mexico. <em>Acta Botanica Mexicana</em> 129: e2039. https://doi.org/10.21829/abm129.2022.2039</p>
<p>Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acids Symposium Series</em> 41: 95–98.</p>
<p>Hernández-Restrepo, M., Schumacher, R.K., Wingfield, M.J., Ahmad, I., Cai, L., Duong, T.A., Edwards, J., Gené, J., Groenewald, J.Z., Jabeen, S., Khalid, A.N., Lombard, L., Madrid, H., Marin-Felix, Y., Marincowitz, S., Miller, A.N., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Rashid, A., Sarwar, S., Stchigel, A.M., Taylor, P.W.J., Zhou, N. & Crous, P.W. (2016) Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 2. <em>Sydowia</em> 68: 193–230.</p>
<p>Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Ronquist, F. (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 17: 754–755. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754</p>
<p>Katoh, K. & Standley, D.M. (2013) MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 30: 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010</p>
<p>Katoh, K., Misawa, K., Kuma, K. & Miyata, T. (2002) MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 30: 3059–3066. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkf436</p>
<p>Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J. & Yamada, K.D. (2017) MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. <em>Briefings in Bioinformatics</em> 20: 1160–1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108</p>
<p>Kďaviňa, D., Lazdiňđ, A., Bârdule A., Nikolajeva, V., Okmanis, M., Skranda, I., Gaitnieks T., & Menkis A. (2016) Fine root development and mycorrhization in Norway spruce stands one year after fertilization with potassium sulphate and wood ash. <em>Journal of Forensic Sciences</em> 62: 17–23. https://doi.org/10.17221/93/2015-JFS</p>
<p>Kornerup, A. & Wanscher, J.H. (1978) <em>Methuen handbook of colours</em>. 3rd ed. Eyre Methuen, London, UK.</p>
<p>Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Kainer, D., Mayer, C. & Stamatakis, A. (2014) Selecting optimal partitioning schemes for phylogenomic datasets. <em>BMC Evolutionary Biology</em> 14: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-82</p>
<p>Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P.B., Wright, A.M., Senfeld, T. & Calcott, B. (2016) Partition Finder 2: New methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 34: 772–773. https://doi:10.1093/molbev/msw260</p>
<p>Largent, D.L., Johnson, D. & Watling, R. (1977) <em>How identify mushrooms to genus III: Microscopic features</em>. Mad River Press, Eureka. 148 pp.</p>
<p>Li, H., Yang, T., Menolli, Jr N., Ye, L., Samantha, C., Karunarathna, S.C., Perez-Moreno, J., Rahman, M.M., Rashid, M.R., Phengsintham, P., Rizal, L., Kasuyal, T., Lim, Y.W., Arun Kumar Dutta, A.K., Khalid, A.N., Huyen, L.T., Balolong, M.P., Baruah, G., Madawala, S., klang, N.T., Hyde, K.D., Kirk, P.M., Xu, J., Sheng, J., Boa, E. & Mortimer, P.E. (2020) Reviewing the world’s edible mushroom species: A new evidence based classification system. <em>Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety</em> 20: 1982–2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12708</p>
<p>Lodge, D.J., Ammirati, J.F., Dell, T.O. & Mueller, G.M. (2004) Terrestrial and Lignicolous Macrofungi: Colecting and describing macrofungi. <em>In</em>: Mueller, G., Bills, G.F. & Foster, M.S. (Eds.) <em>Biodiversity of Fungi. Inventary and Monitoring Methods</em>. Elsevier Academic Press, pp. 128–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012509551-8/50011-8</p>
<p>Martin, M.P. & Raidl, S. (2002) The taxonomic position of <em>Rhizopogon melanogastroides</em> (Boletales). <em>Mycotaxon</em> 84: 221–228.</p>
<p>Matheny, P.B., Liu, Y.J., Ammirati, J.F. & Hall, B.D. (2002) Using RPB1 sequences to improve phylogenetic inference among mushrooms (<em>Inocybe</em>, Agaricales). <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 89: 688–698.</p>
<p>Martínez-González, C.R., Ramírez-Mendoza, R., Jiménez-Ramírez, J., Gallegos-Vázquez, C. & Luna-Vega, I. (2017) Improved method for genomic DNA extraction for <em>Opuntia</em> Mill. (Cactaceae). <em>Plant Methods</em> 13: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13007-017-0234-y</p>
<p>Mikheyev, A.S., Mueller, U.G. & Abbot, P. (2006) Cryptic sex and many-to-one colevolution in the fungus-growing ant symbiosis. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</em> 103: 10702–10706. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601441103</p>
<p>Müller, K., Quandt, D., Müller, J. & Neinhuis, C. (2005) PhyDE®-Phylogenetic data editor. Program distributed by the authors, versión 10.0. Available from: https://www.phyde.de (accessed 30 September 2021)</p>
<p>Nuhn, M.E., Binder, M., Taylor, A.F., Halling, R.E. & Hibbett, D.S. (2013) Phylogenetic overview of the Boletineae. <em>Fungal Biology</em> 117: 479–511.</p>
<p>Osmundson, T.W., Robert, V.A., Schoch, C.L., Baker, L.J., Smith, A., Robich, G., Mizzan, L. & Garbelotto, M.M. (2013) Filling gaps in biodiversity knowledge for macrofungi: contributions and assessment of an herbarium collection DNA barcode sequencing project <em>PLoS ONE</em> 8: 4. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062419</p>
<p>Ozgur, A., Gökşen, T.N., Ozlem, K. & Isa, G. (2021) <em>Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Armillaria mellea and Xerocomellus chrysenteron Extracts and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potentials</em>. 3rd Eurasia Biochemical Approaches & Technologies Congress (EBAT)At: Antalya, Turkey.</p>
<p>Patil, B.P., Gunasekaran, S., Singh, K.S. & Vaidya, S. (2021) <em>Parvixerocomus matheranensis</em> (Boletaceae), a new species from India. <em>Mycoscience</em> 62: 244–249. https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2021.03.007</p>
<p>Peintner, U., Ladurner, H. & Simonini, G. (2003) <em>Xerocomus cisalpinus</em> sp. nov., and the delimitation of species in the <em>X. chrysenteron</em> complex based on morphology and rDNA-LSU sequences. <em>Mycological Research</em> 107: 659–679. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756203007901</p>
<p>Rambaut, A., Suchard, M.A., Xie, D. & Drummond, A.J. (2014) Tracer v1.6. Available from: http://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer (accessed 30 September 2021)</p>
<p>Saldivar, Á.E., García-Jiménez, J., Herrera-Fonseca, M.J. & Rodríguez-Alcántar, O. (2021) updated checklist and new records of Boletaceae (fungi, Basidiomycota, Boletales) from Jalisco, Mexico. <em>Polibotanica</em> 52: 25–49. https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.52.3</p>
<p>Snell, W.H. & Dick, E.A. (1970)<em> The Boleti of Northeastern North America</em>. Cramer, Lehre.</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033</p>
<p>Šutara, J. (2008) Xerocomus s.l. in the light of the present state of knowledge. <em>Czech Mycology</em> 60: 29–62. https://doi.org/10.33585/cmy.60104</p>
<p>Vilgalys, R. & Hester, M. (1990) Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several <em>Cryptococcus</em> species. <em>Journal of Bacteriology</em> 172: 4238–4246. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.8.4238-4246.1990</p>
<p>White, T.J., Bruns, T.D., Lee, S. & Taylor, J.W. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenies. <em>In</em>: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T. (Eds.) <em>PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications</em>. Academic Press. pp. 135–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</p>
<p>Wu, G., Feng, B., Xu, J., Zhu, X.T., Li, Y.C., Zeng, N.K., Hosen, M.I. & Yang, Z.L. (2014) Molecular phylogenetic analyses redefine seven major clades and reveal 22 new generic clades in the fungal family Boletaceae. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 69: 93–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-014-0283-8</p>
<p>Wu, G., Li, Y.C., Zhu, X.T., Zhao, K., Han, L.H., Cui, Y.Y. & Yang, Z.L. (2016) One hundred noteworthy boletes from China. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 81: 25–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0375-8</p>
<p>Xie, H.-J., Lin, W.-F., Jiang, S., Xue, R., Wu, L.-L., Zhang, Y.-Z., Liang, Z.-Q., Zeng, N.-K. & Su, M.S. (2020) Two new species of <em>Hortiboletus</em> (Boletaceae, Boletales) from China. <em>Mycological Progress</em> 19: 1377–1386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-020-01634-z</p>
<p>Zhang, Z., Schwartz, S., Wagner, L. & Miller, W. (2000) A greedy algorithm for aligning DNA sequences. <em>Journal of Computational Biology</em> 7: 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1089/10665270050081478</p>