Abstract
Agarista is a genus belonging to the family Ericaceae that includes ca. 32 species. It occurs predominantly in South America, mainly in Brazil, where 21 species have been documented. During our floristic and taxonomic studies of Ericaceae from the state of Bahia, in northeastern Brazil, we found specimens from the Chapada Diamantina region identified in herbaria as Agarista aff. revoluta. Those samples were clearly distinct from A. revoluta by the greater length and width of the leaves, and the absence of indument on the rachis, flowers, and leaves, as well as leaf anatomy features. Thus, we recognize these as separate taxonomic entities and the new species is herein described as A. revolutissima, which is endemic to the campo rupestre of Morro do Chapéu municipality, while A. revoluta occurs along the Atlantic Forest, being known from the restinga and humid forests.
References
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<p>Cox, H.T. (1948) Studies in the Comparative Anatomy of the Ericales I. Ericaceae-Subfamily Rhododendroideae. <em>The American Midland Naturalist</em> 39: 220–245. https://doi.org/10.2307/2421443</p>
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<p>Don, G. (1834) <em>A general history of the dichlamydeous plants</em> (Vol. 3). JG and F. Rivington, London, 867 pp.</p>
<p>Foster, A.S. (1949) <em>Pratica plant anatomy</em>. D. van Nostrand, Inc., New York, pp. 1–228.</p>
<p>Gonçalves, E.G. & Lorenzi, H.J. (2007) <em>Morfologia vegetal: organografia e dicionário ilustrado de morfologia das plantas vasculares.</em> Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora, São Paulo, 416pp.</p>
<p>IUCN (2022) <em>The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1</em>. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed 30 June 2022)</p>
<p>Judd, W.S. (1984) A taxonomic revision of the American species of <em>Agarista</em> (Ericaceae). <em>Journal of Arnold Arboretum</em>: 255–342. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.36695</p>
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<p>Luteyn, J.L., Judd, W.S., Clemants, S.E., Diggs, G.M., Sørensen, P.D., Dorr, L.J., Wallace, G.D. & Stevens, P.F. (1995) <em>Ericaceae- part, II. The superior ovaried genera</em>. Flora Neotropica. The New York Bot. Garden, New York, 560 pp.</p>
<p>Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L.<strong> (</strong>1950) <em>Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: leaves, stem, and wood, in relation to taxonomy, with notes on economic uses</em>, Vols. 1 e 2, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1950 pp.</p>
<p>Morretes, B.L.D. (1988) Contribuição ao conhecimento da anatomia foliar de espécies da vegetação das dunas interioranas do Municipio de Lençois-Bahia. <em>Acta Botanica Brasilica</em> 1: 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33061987000300014</p>
<p>Niedenzu, F. (1889) Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik</em> 11: 236.</p>
<p>Pinheiro, G. (2022) MP pede na Justiça recuperação de unidades de conservação em Morro do Chapéu. Ministério Público da Bahia, Salvador, 09/09/2022. Available from: https://www.mpba.mp.br/noticia/61378 (accessed 5 June 2022)</p>
<p>QGIS.org (2022) QGIS 3.22. Geographic Information System Developers Manual. QGIS Association. [https://docs.qgis.org/3.22/en/docs/developers_guide/index.html]</p>
<p>Radford, A.E., Dickison, W.E. & Massey, J.R. (1974) <em>Vascular Plant Systematics.</em> Harper & Row, New York, 891 pp.</p>
<p>Rizzini, C.T. (1955) Latim para botânicos: ensaio sobre o uso do latim na botânica. <em>Fundação Gonçalo Moniz</em>.</p>
<p>Rocha, A.J.D. & Pedreira, A.J. (2012) <em>Geoparque Morro do Chapéu</em> (BA). proposta, CPRM.</p>
<p>Romão, G.O., Cabral, A., Dalastra, C.H., Santos, F.B.D. & Kinoshita, L.S. (2020) <em>Ericaceae in Flora do Brasil.</em> Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB109 (accessed 6 April 2021)</p>
<p>Schwery, O., Onstein, R.E., Bouchenak-Khelladi, Y., Xing, Y., Carter, R.J. & Linder, H.P. (2015) As old as the mountains: the radiations of the Ericaceae. <em>New Phytologist</em> 207: 355–367. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13234</p>
<p>Sprengel, K.P. (1821) <em>Neue Entdeckungen im Ganzen Umfang der Pflanzenkunde</em>. F. Fleischer, Leipzing, 452 pp.</p>
<p>Staudt, M.G. & Roque, N. (2020) As tribos Vernonieae e Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) de Morro do Chapéu, Bahia, Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em>: 71. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202071016</p>
<p> Stevens, P.F. (1970) Calluna, Cassiope and Harrimanella: a taxonomic and evolutionary problem. <em>New Phytologist</em> 69: 1131–1148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1970.tb02494.x</p>
<p>Stevens, P.F. (1971) A classification of the Ericaceae: subfamilies and tribes<em>. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 64: 1–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_19</p>
<p>Stevens, P.F., Luteyn, J., Oliver, E.G.H., Bell, T.L., Brown, E.A., Crowden, R.K. & McLean, C.B. (2004) Ericaceae. <em>In Flowering Plants· Dicotyledons</em>, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 145–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_19</p>
<p>Stuessy, T.F. (2009) <em>Plant taxonomy: the systematic evaluation of comparative data</em>. Columbia University Press, New York, 567 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2019) [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 20 May 2021)</p>
<p>Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, AW, De La Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: a geospatial conservation assessment tool. <em>ZooKeys</em> (150): 117. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109</p>
<p>Barbosa, M.A. (1995) Clima. <em>In</em>: Rocha, A.J.D. & Costa, I.V.G. (Org.) <em>Projeto mapas municipais: município de Morro do chapéu (BA)</em>. Ministério de Minas e Energia, Morro do Chapéu, pp. 39–52.</p>
<p>Candolle, A.P. (1839) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis</em> 7: 602–605.</p>
<p>Cox, H.T. (1948) Studies in the Comparative Anatomy of the Ericales I. Ericaceae-Subfamily Rhododendroideae. <em>The American Midland Naturalist</em> 39: 220–245. https://doi.org/10.2307/2421443</p>
<p>Cronquist, A. & Takhtadzhi︠a︡n, A.L. (1981) <em>An integrated system of classification of flowering plants</em>. Columbia University Press.</p>
<p>Don, G. (1834) <em>A general history of the dichlamydeous plants</em> (Vol. 3). JG and F. Rivington, London, 867 pp.</p>
<p>Foster, A.S. (1949) <em>Pratica plant anatomy</em>. D. van Nostrand, Inc., New York, pp. 1–228.</p>
<p>Gonçalves, E.G. & Lorenzi, H.J. (2007) <em>Morfologia vegetal: organografia e dicionário ilustrado de morfologia das plantas vasculares.</em> Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora, São Paulo, 416pp.</p>
<p>IUCN (2022) <em>The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1</em>. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed 30 June 2022)</p>
<p>Judd, W.S. (1984) A taxonomic revision of the American species of <em>Agarista</em> (Ericaceae). <em>Journal of Arnold Arboretum</em>: 255–342. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.36695</p>
<p>Judd, W.S. & Kron, K.A. (1993) Circumscription of Ericaceae (Ericales) as determined by preliminary cladistic analyses based on morphological, anatomical, and embryological features. <em>Brittonia</em> 45 (2): 99–114. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807493</p>
<p>Judd, W.S. (1995) <em>Agarista</em> G. Don. <em>In</em>: Luteyn, J.L., Judd, W.S., Clemants, S.E., Diggs, G.M., Sørensen, P.D., Dorr, J.L. & Wallace, G.D. (Eds.) <em>Ericaceae - part II. The superior ovaried genera</em>. Flora Neotropical Monograph, pp. 295–344.</p>
<p>Judd, W.S. & Luteyn, J.L. (2006) Rediscovery of Agarista bracamorensis (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae). <em>Rhodora</em> 108 (934): 97–102. https://doi.org/10.3119/05-25.1</p>
<p>Junqueira, M.E.R. & Simão-Bianchini, R. (2006) O gênero <em>Evolvulus</em> L. (Convolvulaceae) no município de Morro do Chapéu, BA, Brasil. <em>Acta Botanica Brasilica</em> 20 (1): 157–172. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062006000100015</p>
<p>Kraus, J. & Arduin, M. (1997) <em>Manual básico de métodos em morfologia vegetal</em>. EDUR, Rio de Janeiro.</p>
<p>Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., STevens. P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., GADEK, P.A., Quinn, C.J. & Luteyn, J.L. (2002) Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphological evidence. <em>The Botanical Review</em> 68: 335– 424. https://doi.org/10.1663/0006-8101(2002)068[0335:PCOEMA]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Kinoshita, L.S. & Romão, G.O. (2012) Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo: Ericaceae. <em>Boletim do Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo</em>: 151–172.</p>
<p>Lems, K. (1964) Evolutionary studies in the Ericaceae. II. Leaf anatomy as a phylogenetic index in the Andromedeae. <em>Botanical Gazette</em> 125: 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1086/336267</p>
<p>Lobão, J.S.B. & Vale, R.D.M.C. (2009) Importância ambiental do parque estadual de morro do chapéu em função da fragmentação ecossistêmica (Environmental importance of Morro do Chapéu state park in function of ecossistemic fragmentation). <em>Revista GeoNordeste</em> 1: 217–236.</p>
<p> Lobão, J.S.B., Rocha, W. & Silva, A.D. (2011) Geoprocessamento na modelagem da vulnerabilidade natural à erosão no município de Morro do Chapéu-Ba. <em>Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, Uberlândia</em>, 63 (1). [Online] https://doi.org/10.14393/rbcv63n1-43722</p>
<p>Luteyn, J.L., Judd, W.S., Clemants, S.E., Diggs, G.M., Sørensen, P.D., Dorr, L.J., Wallace, G.D. & Stevens, P.F. (1995) <em>Ericaceae- part, II. The superior ovaried genera</em>. Flora Neotropica. The New York Bot. Garden, New York, 560 pp.</p>
<p>Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L.<strong> (</strong>1950) <em>Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: leaves, stem, and wood, in relation to taxonomy, with notes on economic uses</em>, Vols. 1 e 2, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1950 pp.</p>
<p>Morretes, B.L.D. (1988) Contribuição ao conhecimento da anatomia foliar de espécies da vegetação das dunas interioranas do Municipio de Lençois-Bahia. <em>Acta Botanica Brasilica</em> 1: 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33061987000300014</p>
<p>Niedenzu, F. (1889) Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik</em> 11: 236.</p>
<p>Pinheiro, G. (2022) MP pede na Justiça recuperação de unidades de conservação em Morro do Chapéu. Ministério Público da Bahia, Salvador, 09/09/2022. Available from: https://www.mpba.mp.br/noticia/61378 (accessed 5 June 2022)</p>
<p>QGIS.org (2022) QGIS 3.22. Geographic Information System Developers Manual. QGIS Association. [https://docs.qgis.org/3.22/en/docs/developers_guide/index.html]</p>
<p>Radford, A.E., Dickison, W.E. & Massey, J.R. (1974) <em>Vascular Plant Systematics.</em> Harper & Row, New York, 891 pp.</p>
<p>Rizzini, C.T. (1955) Latim para botânicos: ensaio sobre o uso do latim na botânica. <em>Fundação Gonçalo Moniz</em>.</p>
<p>Rocha, A.J.D. & Pedreira, A.J. (2012) <em>Geoparque Morro do Chapéu</em> (BA). proposta, CPRM.</p>
<p>Romão, G.O., Cabral, A., Dalastra, C.H., Santos, F.B.D. & Kinoshita, L.S. (2020) <em>Ericaceae in Flora do Brasil.</em> Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB109 (accessed 6 April 2021)</p>
<p>Schwery, O., Onstein, R.E., Bouchenak-Khelladi, Y., Xing, Y., Carter, R.J. & Linder, H.P. (2015) As old as the mountains: the radiations of the Ericaceae. <em>New Phytologist</em> 207: 355–367. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13234</p>
<p>Sprengel, K.P. (1821) <em>Neue Entdeckungen im Ganzen Umfang der Pflanzenkunde</em>. F. Fleischer, Leipzing, 452 pp.</p>
<p>Staudt, M.G. & Roque, N. (2020) As tribos Vernonieae e Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) de Morro do Chapéu, Bahia, Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em>: 71. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202071016</p>
<p> Stevens, P.F. (1970) Calluna, Cassiope and Harrimanella: a taxonomic and evolutionary problem. <em>New Phytologist</em> 69: 1131–1148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1970.tb02494.x</p>
<p>Stevens, P.F. (1971) A classification of the Ericaceae: subfamilies and tribes<em>. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 64: 1–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_19</p>
<p>Stevens, P.F., Luteyn, J., Oliver, E.G.H., Bell, T.L., Brown, E.A., Crowden, R.K. & McLean, C.B. (2004) Ericaceae. <em>In Flowering Plants· Dicotyledons</em>, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 145–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07257-8_19</p>
<p>Stuessy, T.F. (2009) <em>Plant taxonomy: the systematic evaluation of comparative data</em>. Columbia University Press, New York, 567 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2019) [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 20 May 2021)</p>