Abstract
We describe a new species of Cyrtomium, C. calcis, from northern Vietnam and southern China, and report new records of six species in two fern genera, Arachniodes and Polystichum, of Dryopteridaceae, i.e., Arachniodes amabilis (from Lamdong Province), A. amoena (Quangtri Province), A. fengii (Nghean Province), A. globisora (Thanhhoa, Quangtri, and Laocai provinces), and A. nigrossora (Vinhphuc Province), and Polystichum ariticulatipilosum (Hagiang Province). The new species of Cyrtomium most closely resembles C. pachyphyllum, but can be distinguished from the latter in the shape of petiole scales, number of lateral pinna pairs, venation, and lamina shape. Detailed description, images, notes, type information, examined specimens, distribution, and habitat are provided for the new species and new records. The status of the new species is provisionally assessed here as endangered (EN) following the IUCN Categories and Criteria.
References
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<p>Ching R.-C. (1938) A revision of the Chinese and Sikkim-Himalayan <em>Dryopteris </em>with reference to some species from neighbouring regions. <em>Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology Botany Series </em>8 (5): 275–334.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1949) The Studies of Chinese Ferns – XXXV. <em>Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, new series</em> 1: 267–317.</p>
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<p>Christ, H. (1902) Filices Bodinierianae. <em>Bulletin de l’Acadeìmie Internationale de Geìographie Botanique</em> 11: 189–274.</p>
<p>Christ, H. (1910) Filices novae Cavalerianae IV. <em>Bulletin de l’Académie Internationale de Géographie Botanique</em> 20: 137–143.</p>
<p>Christensen, C. (1913–1917) <em>Index Filicum, Supplément Préliminaire</em>. Pour Les Anneés. Publie Aux Frais De.</p>
<p>Copeland E.B. (1929) New or interesting ferns. <em>Philippine Journal of Science</em> 38 (1): 131–156.</p>
<p>Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Gandhi, K.N. & Kholia, B.S. (2018) <em>An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes</em>, part-2. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India, 573 pp.</p>
<p>Hayata, B. (1914) <em>Icones plantarum formosanarum nec non et contributiones ad floram formosanam</em>, vol. 4. Pub. by the Bureau of Productive Industry, Government of Formosa, Taihoku, 365 pp.</p>
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<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines]</p>
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<p>Le Péchon, T., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016) Using a multilocus phylogeny to test morphology-based classifications of <em>Polystichum </em>(Dryopteridaceae), one of the largest fern genera. <em>BMC Evolutionary Biology </em>16: 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0626-z</p>
<p>Lu, J.-M. & Cheng, X. (2003) Distributional study of genus <em>Cyrtomium </em>Presl (Dryopteridaceae). <em>In:</em> Chandra, S. & Srivastava, M. (Eds.) <em>Pteridology in the New Millennium</em>. Kluwer, Netherlands, pp. 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2811-9_10</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L. & Zhang, L.-B. (2014a) <em>Polystichum hagiangense</em> (subg. <em>Haplopolystichum</em>; Dryopteridaceae), a new fern species from Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam. <em>Phytotax</em>a 175 (5): 293–297. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.175.5.9</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L. & Zhang, L.-B. (2014b) Ten new records of <em>Polystichum </em>(Dryopteridaceae) for Vietnam and lectotypification of <em>Polystichum atroviridissimum </em>and <em>P. fimbriatum</em>. <em>Phytotaxa </em>164 (2): 115–123. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.164.2.5</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L., Nguyen, D.T. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016) <em>Polystichum quangbinhense</em> sp. nov. (subg. <em>Haplopolystichum</em>; Dryopteridaceae), the southernmost cave species of <em>Polystichum</em> from central Vietnam. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 283 (3): 295–299. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.283.3.6</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2018) Three new species of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes (</em>Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam.<em> Phytotaxa</em> 376 (3): 126–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.376.3.1</p>
<p>Lu, T.N., Ebihara, A., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Knapp, R., Kamau, P., Lorence, D., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2019). A global plastid phylogeny of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes</em> (Dryopteridaceae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution </em>133: 214–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.013</p>
<p>Lu, T.N., Nguyen, L.P., Le, C.T., Nguyen, T.T. & Zhang, L. (2021) <em>Arachniodes libingii </em>sp. nov. and <em>A. vietnamensis</em> sp. nov. (Dryopteridaceae), two new ferns from southern China and central Vietnam. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 522 (3): 256–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.3.9</p>
<p>Mitsuta, S. (1977) Evolution of simple fronds in <em>Cyrtomium</em>: a pattern morphological study. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica </em>28: 131–142.</p>
<p>Nakaike, T. (1975) <em>Enumeratio Pteridophytarum Japonicarum</em>. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, 375 pp.</p>
<p>Pham, H.H. (2000) <em>An illustrated flora of Vietnam</em>, vol.1. Nha Xuat Ban Tre, Ho Chi Minh City, 618 pp.</p>
<p>PPG I (2016) A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns<em>. Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 54: 563–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12229</p>
<p>Phan, K.L. (2001) Psilotophyta, Equisetophyta and Polypodiophyta. <em>In</em>: Nguyen, T.B. (Ed.) <em>Checklist of plant species of Vietnam</em>, Vol. 1. Agriculture Publishing House, Hanoi, pp. 951–955.</p>
<p>Phan, K.L.(2010) The updated Checklist of the Fern Flora of Vietnam following the classification scheme of A. Smith <em>et al.</em> (2006). <em>Journal of Fairylake Botanical Garden</em> 9 (3): 1–13.</p>
<p>Presl, C. (1836) <em>Tentamen Pteridographiae</em>. Typis Filiorum Theophili Haase, Pragae, 290 pp.</p>
<p>Roth, A.W. (1800) <em>Tentamen Florae Germanicae</em>, vol. 3. Gleditsch, Leipzig, 578 pp.</p>
<p>Rosenstock, E. (1914) <em>Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 13. Selbstverlag des Herausgebers, Berlin, 584 pp. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19140131303</p>
<p>Tardieu-Blot, M.L. & Christensen, C. (1941) Cryptogames vasculaires. <em>In</em>: Lecomte, H. & Gagnepain, F. (Eds.) <em>Flore générale de l’IndoChine,</em> vol. 7. Masson & Cie, Paris, pp. 546–600.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020) [continuously updated]: <em>Index herbariorum</em>: <em>a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium, New York.</p>
<p>Tindale, M.D. (1961) Studies in Australian pteridophytes. <em>Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium </em>3 (2): 88–92.</p>
<p>Tryon, R.M. & Tryon, A.F. (1982) <em>Ferns and Allied Plants, with Special Reference to Tropical America</em>. Springer, New York, 857 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8162-4</p>
<p>Vu, P.L, Nguyen, T.T., Doan, H.S. & Lu, T.N. (2020) The fern genus <em>Arachniodes</em> (Dryopteridaceae): A new record for the Flora of Vietnam. <em>VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology</em> 36 (4): 77–81. https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5106</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. (2012) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the fern genus <em>Polystichum </em>(Dryopteridaceae) in China. <em>Phytotaxa </em>60 (1): 57–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.60.1.8</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. & Barrington, D.S. (2013) C<em>yrtomium</em> C.Presl and <em>Polystichum</em> Roth. <em>In</em>: Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.)<em> Flora of China</em>, vol. 2–3. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 561–571 & 629–713.</p>
<p>Zhou, H.-G., Li, H. & Huang, Y.-Y. (1996) New species of pteridophyte from limestone area of Guang Xi. <em>Guihaia</em> 16 (3): 203–208.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1931) Studies of Chinese ferns V. <em>Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology</em> 2 (10): 191–192.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1934) A revision of the compound leaved polysticha and other related species in the continental Asia including Japan and Formosa. <em>Sinensia</em> 5: 23–89.</p>
<p>Ching R.-C. (1938) A revision of the Chinese and Sikkim-Himalayan <em>Dryopteris </em>with reference to some species from neighbouring regions. <em>Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology Botany Series </em>8 (5): 275–334.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1949) The Studies of Chinese Ferns – XXXV. <em>Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, new series</em> 1: 267–317.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1962) On the nomenclature of the compound-leaved polysticha. <em>Acta Botanica Sinica</em> 10: 253–263.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1964) Notes on some confused species of<em> Arachniodes</em> Bl<em>. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica </em>9 (4): 367–385.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1986) Filices novae sinenses generis <em>Arachniodes</em> Bl.<em> Bulletin of Botanical Research. Harbin </em>6 (3): 1–78.</p>
<p>Christ, H. (1902) Filices Bodinierianae. <em>Bulletin de l’Acadeìmie Internationale de Geìographie Botanique</em> 11: 189–274.</p>
<p>Christ, H. (1910) Filices novae Cavalerianae IV. <em>Bulletin de l’Académie Internationale de Géographie Botanique</em> 20: 137–143.</p>
<p>Christensen, C. (1913–1917) <em>Index Filicum, Supplément Préliminaire</em>. Pour Les Anneés. Publie Aux Frais De.</p>
<p>Copeland E.B. (1929) New or interesting ferns. <em>Philippine Journal of Science</em> 38 (1): 131–156.</p>
<p>Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Gandhi, K.N. & Kholia, B.S. (2018) <em>An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes</em>, part-2. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India, 573 pp.</p>
<p>Hayata, B. (1914) <em>Icones plantarum formosanarum nec non et contributiones ad floram formosanam</em>, vol. 4. Pub. by the Bureau of Productive Industry, Government of Formosa, Taihoku, 365 pp.</p>
<p>He, H., Wu, S.-G., Xiang, J.-Y., Barrington, D.S. (2013). <em>Arachniodes </em>Blume. <em>In</em>: Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China,</em> vol. 2–3, Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 542–558.</p>
<p>Hsieh, Y.-T. & Li, N. (1989) New taxa of genus <em>Cyrtogonellum</em> Ching. <em>Bulletin of Botanical Research</em> (Harbin) 9 (3): 15–19.</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines]</p>
<p>Kung, H.-S. & Wang, P.-S. (1997) New materials for the <em>Cyrtomium</em> C. Presl of China. <em>Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology</em> 3 (1): 23–25.</p>
<p>Le Péchon, T., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016) Using a multilocus phylogeny to test morphology-based classifications of <em>Polystichum </em>(Dryopteridaceae), one of the largest fern genera. <em>BMC Evolutionary Biology </em>16: 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0626-z</p>
<p>Lu, J.-M. & Cheng, X. (2003) Distributional study of genus <em>Cyrtomium </em>Presl (Dryopteridaceae). <em>In:</em> Chandra, S. & Srivastava, M. (Eds.) <em>Pteridology in the New Millennium</em>. Kluwer, Netherlands, pp. 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2811-9_10</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L. & Zhang, L.-B. (2014a) <em>Polystichum hagiangense</em> (subg. <em>Haplopolystichum</em>; Dryopteridaceae), a new fern species from Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam. <em>Phytotax</em>a 175 (5): 293–297. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.175.5.9</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L. & Zhang, L.-B. (2014b) Ten new records of <em>Polystichum </em>(Dryopteridaceae) for Vietnam and lectotypification of <em>Polystichum atroviridissimum </em>and <em>P. fimbriatum</em>. <em>Phytotaxa </em>164 (2): 115–123. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.164.2.5</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L., Nguyen, D.T. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016) <em>Polystichum quangbinhense</em> sp. nov. (subg. <em>Haplopolystichum</em>; Dryopteridaceae), the southernmost cave species of <em>Polystichum</em> from central Vietnam. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 283 (3): 295–299. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.283.3.6</p>
<p>Lu, N.T., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2018) Three new species of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes (</em>Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam.<em> Phytotaxa</em> 376 (3): 126–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.376.3.1</p>
<p>Lu, T.N., Ebihara, A., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Knapp, R., Kamau, P., Lorence, D., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2019). A global plastid phylogeny of the fern genus <em>Arachniodes</em> (Dryopteridaceae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution </em>133: 214–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.013</p>
<p>Lu, T.N., Nguyen, L.P., Le, C.T., Nguyen, T.T. & Zhang, L. (2021) <em>Arachniodes libingii </em>sp. nov. and <em>A. vietnamensis</em> sp. nov. (Dryopteridaceae), two new ferns from southern China and central Vietnam. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 522 (3): 256–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.3.9</p>
<p>Mitsuta, S. (1977) Evolution of simple fronds in <em>Cyrtomium</em>: a pattern morphological study. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica </em>28: 131–142.</p>
<p>Nakaike, T. (1975) <em>Enumeratio Pteridophytarum Japonicarum</em>. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, 375 pp.</p>
<p>Pham, H.H. (2000) <em>An illustrated flora of Vietnam</em>, vol.1. Nha Xuat Ban Tre, Ho Chi Minh City, 618 pp.</p>
<p>PPG I (2016) A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns<em>. Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 54: 563–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12229</p>
<p>Phan, K.L. (2001) Psilotophyta, Equisetophyta and Polypodiophyta. <em>In</em>: Nguyen, T.B. (Ed.) <em>Checklist of plant species of Vietnam</em>, Vol. 1. Agriculture Publishing House, Hanoi, pp. 951–955.</p>
<p>Phan, K.L.(2010) The updated Checklist of the Fern Flora of Vietnam following the classification scheme of A. Smith <em>et al.</em> (2006). <em>Journal of Fairylake Botanical Garden</em> 9 (3): 1–13.</p>
<p>Presl, C. (1836) <em>Tentamen Pteridographiae</em>. Typis Filiorum Theophili Haase, Pragae, 290 pp.</p>
<p>Roth, A.W. (1800) <em>Tentamen Florae Germanicae</em>, vol. 3. Gleditsch, Leipzig, 578 pp.</p>
<p>Rosenstock, E. (1914) <em>Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis</em>, vol. 13. Selbstverlag des Herausgebers, Berlin, 584 pp. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19140131303</p>
<p>Tardieu-Blot, M.L. & Christensen, C. (1941) Cryptogames vasculaires. <em>In</em>: Lecomte, H. & Gagnepain, F. (Eds.) <em>Flore générale de l’IndoChine,</em> vol. 7. Masson & Cie, Paris, pp. 546–600.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020) [continuously updated]: <em>Index herbariorum</em>: <em>a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> New York Botanical Garden’s virtual herbarium, New York.</p>
<p>Tindale, M.D. (1961) Studies in Australian pteridophytes. <em>Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium </em>3 (2): 88–92.</p>
<p>Tryon, R.M. & Tryon, A.F. (1982) <em>Ferns and Allied Plants, with Special Reference to Tropical America</em>. Springer, New York, 857 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8162-4</p>
<p>Vu, P.L, Nguyen, T.T., Doan, H.S. & Lu, T.N. (2020) The fern genus <em>Arachniodes</em> (Dryopteridaceae): A new record for the Flora of Vietnam. <em>VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology</em> 36 (4): 77–81. https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5106</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. (2012) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the fern genus <em>Polystichum </em>(Dryopteridaceae) in China. <em>Phytotaxa </em>60 (1): 57–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.60.1.8</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. & Barrington, D.S. (2013) C<em>yrtomium</em> C.Presl and <em>Polystichum</em> Roth. <em>In</em>: Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.)<em> Flora of China</em>, vol. 2–3. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 561–571 & 629–713.</p>
<p>Zhou, H.-G., Li, H. & Huang, Y.-Y. (1996) New species of pteridophyte from limestone area of Guang Xi. <em>Guihaia</em> 16 (3): 203–208.</p>