Abstract
Elephantomene is a monospecific genus, distributed in South America. To our knowledge, there are no studies about the pistillate flower in Elephantomene eburnea. This is the first complete taxonomic description involving all floral whorls of staminate and pistillate flowers. Between January 2018 and October 2021, including types housed at 32 national and foreign herbaria. In the Neotropics, the Amazonian is the main center of concentration for the genus. The tripartite gynophores, the internal sepals fused forming a solid column and the stamens inserted in this column were the main characters used to identify the species. Descriptions and illustrations of the species are presented, as well as data concerning geographical distribution and additional comments of the species.
References
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Miers, J.A. (1851) Menispermaceae. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History </em>2,7 (37): 36–43.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ortiz, R.D.C., Wang, W., Jacques, F.M.B. & Chen, Z. (2016) Phylogeny and a revised tribal classification of Menispermaceae (moonseed family) based on molecular and morphological data. <em>Taxon </em>65: 1288–1312. https://doi.org/10.12705/656.5</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Radford, A.E., Dickison, W.C. & Massey, J.R. (1974) <em>Vascular plant systematics</em>. Harper & Row, New York, 891 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rizzini, C.T. (1977) Sistematização terminológica da folha. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 29 (42): 103–125. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sousa, J.S. (2016) <em>Anomospermeae</em> Miers (Menispermaceae)<em> no Brasil</em>. Doctoral Thesis. Universidade Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, 267 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">SPrengel, J.C. (1825) Caroli Linnaei. Sumtibus Librariae Dieterichianae, Gottingae. <em>Systema vegetabilium </em>2: 155. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Thiers, B. (2022 [Continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http:// sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 29 January 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tropicos. (2022) Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Available from: https://tropicos.org/name/20600617 (accessed 27 January 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wang, W., Lu, A., Ren, Y., Endress, M.E. & Chen, Z. (2009) Phylogeny and classification of Ranunculales: Evidence from four molecular loci and morphological data. <em>Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics</em> 11: 81–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2009.01.001</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Weberling, F. (1992) <em>Morphology of flowers and inflorescences</em>. University Press, New York, Cambridge, 405 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barneby, R.C. (1993) Two taxonomic equations relevant to the flora of Saul, French Guiana. B<em>rittonia </em>45: 235–236. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807107</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barneby, R.C. (2002) Menispermaceae. <em>In</em>: Mori, S.A., Cremers, G., Gracie, C.A., Granville, J.J., Heald, S.V., Hoff, M. & Mitchell, J.D. (Eds.) <em>Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana</em>. The New York Botanical Garden Press, New York, pp. 474–483.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barneby, R.C. & Krukoff., B.A. (1971) Supplementary notes on American Menispermaceae. VIII. A generic survey of the American Triclisieae and Anomospermeae. <em>Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden</em> 22: 1–89.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barneby, R.C. & Krukoff, B.A. (1974) Supplementary notes on American Menispermaceae. X. <em>Lloydia</em> 37: 27–28. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.13908</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barroso, G.M., Morim, M.P., Peixoto, A.L. & Ichaso, C.L.F. (1999) <em>Frutos e sementes: morfologia aplicada à sistemática de dicotiledôneas</em>. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 443 pp. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Beccari, O. (1877) Albertisia. <em>Malesia </em>11: 161.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">BFG. (2015) Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil. <em>Rodriguésia </em>66: 1085–1113. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">CRIA. (2022) <em>Centro de Referência e Informação Ambiental</em>. Specieslink – simple search. Available from: http:// www.splink.org.br/index (Accessed 28 January 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gonçalvez, E.G. & Lorenzi, H. (2011) <em>Morfologia Vegetal: organografia e dicionário ilustrado de morfologia das plantas vasculares</em>. Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora, São Paulo, 512 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hickey, L.J. (1973) Classification of the arquitecture of dicotyledonous leaves. <em>American Journal of Botany </em>60: 17–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1973.tb10192.x</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jussieu, A.L. (1789) <em>Genera Plantarum: secundum ordines naturales disposita, juxta methodum in Horto regio parisiensi exaratam, anno M.DCC.LXXIV</em>. Apud viduam Herissant et Theophilum Barrois, Parisiis, 498 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.284</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Krukoff, B.A. (1979) Supplementary notes on American Menispermaceae. XIV. Neotropical Triclisieae and Anomospermeae. <em>Phytologia </em>41: 241. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.20783</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Miers, J.A. (1851) Menispermaceae. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History </em>2,7 (37): 36–43.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ortiz, R.D.C., Wang, W., Jacques, F.M.B. & Chen, Z. (2016) Phylogeny and a revised tribal classification of Menispermaceae (moonseed family) based on molecular and morphological data. <em>Taxon </em>65: 1288–1312. https://doi.org/10.12705/656.5</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Radford, A.E., Dickison, W.C. & Massey, J.R. (1974) <em>Vascular plant systematics</em>. Harper & Row, New York, 891 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rizzini, C.T. (1977) Sistematização terminológica da folha. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 29 (42): 103–125. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sousa, J.S. (2016) <em>Anomospermeae</em> Miers (Menispermaceae)<em> no Brasil</em>. Doctoral Thesis. Universidade Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, 267 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">SPrengel, J.C. (1825) Caroli Linnaei. Sumtibus Librariae Dieterichianae, Gottingae. <em>Systema vegetabilium </em>2: 155. </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Thiers, B. (2022 [Continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of herbaria and associated staff</em>. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http:// sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 29 January 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tropicos. (2022) Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Available from: https://tropicos.org/name/20600617 (accessed 27 January 2022).</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wang, W., Lu, A., Ren, Y., Endress, M.E. & Chen, Z. (2009) Phylogeny and classification of Ranunculales: Evidence from four molecular loci and morphological data. <em>Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics</em> 11: 81–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2009.01.001</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Weberling, F. (1992) <em>Morphology of flowers and inflorescences</em>. University Press, New York, Cambridge, 405 pp.</span></span></span></p>