Abstract
Phyllachora species are biotrophic, obligate plant parasitic fungi featuring a high degree of host specificity, a high degree of species richness, and worldwide distribution. In this study, two Phyllachora species were collected from different hosts in Yunnan province, China. Based on morphological characteristics and multigene (LSU, ITS, SSU) phylogenetic analyses, they are introduced as two new taxa. Photographs, detailed descriptions, and notes are provided.
References
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clements, F.E. & Shear, C.L. (1931) <em>The Genera of Fungi</em>, 2nd ed. Wilson Co, New York, NY, USA.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dai, F.L. (1979) <em>Sylloge Fungorum Sinicorum</em>. Science Press, Beijing, China, 268 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dayarathne, M.C., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Jones, E.B.G., Goonasekara, I.D., Bulgakov, T.S., Al-Sadi, A.M., Hyde, K.D., Lumyong, S. & McKenzie, E.H.C. (2017) <em>Neophyllachora</em> gen. nov. (Phyllachorales), three new species of <em>Phyllachora</em> from Poaceae and resurrection of Polystigmataceae (Xylariales). <em>Mycosphere</em> 8: 1598–1625. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/8/10/2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fuckel, L. (1870) <em>Symbolae mycologicae. Beiträge zur kenntniss Der Rheinischen Pilze</em>. Wiesbaden & Niedner, J. German, 459 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.47117</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user–friendly biological sequence alignment program for Windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acids Symposium Series</em> 41: 95–98. https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1999-0734.ch008</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J. & Yamada, K.D. (2019) MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 20: 1160–1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F., David, J.C. & Stalper, J.A. (2001) <em>Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi</em>, 9th ed. CABI, Oxford, UK, 655 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F., Minter, D.W. & Stalpers, J.A. (2008) <em>Dictionary of Fungi</em>, 10th ed. CABI, London, UK, 527 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lan, J.Q., Lu, H.J., Wu, J., Li, X.L., Zhang, T., Kong, C.C. & Kang, Z.S. (2012) Three new records of <em>Phyllachora</em> in China. <em>Mycosystema</em> 31: 639–641.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Li, J.C., Wu, H.X., Li, Y., Li, X.H., Song, J.Y., Suwannarach, N. & Wijayawardene, N.N. (2022) Taxonomy, phylogenetic and ancestral area reconstruction in <em>Phyllachora</em>, with four novel species from Northwestern China. <em>Journal of Fungi</em> 8: 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8050520</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Li, X.L., Wu, S.R., Wang, C.L., Feng, Y.L., Zhao, C.Y., Chen, Z.Q., Yu, J.F., Luo, R., Promputtha, I. & Sun, D.F. (2019) Two new species of <em>Phyllachora</em> (Phyllachoraceae, Phyllachorales) on bamboo from China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 425: 78–86. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.425.2.2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Li, X.L., Yang, Z.X., Wang, X.X., Yi, W. & Li, C.Y. (2018) Two new species of graminicolous <em>Phyllachora</em> (Phyllachoraceae, Ascomycota). <em>Mycosystema</em> 37: 1127–1132. https://doi.org/10.13346/j.mycosystema.180054</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Liu, N. & Li, M. (2016) <em>Phyllachora jianfengensis</em> sp. nov. from China. <em>Mycotaxon</em> 130: 1039–1043. https://dx.doi.org/10.5248/130.1039</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Liu, N., Wang, L., Gu, H. & Lin, G. (2015) P<em>hyllachora hainanensis</em> sp. nov. from China. <em>Mycotaxon</em> 130: 237–239. https://doi.org/10.5248/130.237</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Hyde, K.D., Jones, E.B.G., McKenzie, E.H.C. & Wijayawardene, N.N. (2016) Families of Sordariomycetes. <em>Fungal Diversity </em>79: 1–317. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0369-6</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mardones, M., Trampe-Jaschik, T., Oster, S., Elliott, M. & Piepenbring, M. (2017) Phylogeny of the order Phyllachorales (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes): among and within order relationships based on five molecular loci. <em>Persoonia</em> 39: 74–90. https://dx.doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.04</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. <em>In</em>: Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (Eds.) <em>2010 Gateway Computing Environments Workshop</em>. IEEE, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, pp. 1–8.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Parbery, D.G. (1967) Studies on graminicolous species of <em>Phyllachora</em> Nke. in Fckl. V. A taxonomic monograph. <em>Australian Journal of Botany</em> 15: 271–375. https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT9670271</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Parbery, D.G. (1971) Studies on graminicolous species of <em>Phyllachora</em> Nke. in Fckl. VI. Additions and corrections to Part V. <em>Australian Journal of Botany</em> 19: 207–235. https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT9710207</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Parbery, D.G. & Langdon, R.N. (1964) Studies on graminicolous species of <em>Phyllachora</em> Fckl. IV. Evaluation of the critera of species. <em>Australian Journal of Botany</em> 12: 265–281. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9640265</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pearce, C.A., Reddell, P. & Hyde, K.D. (1999) A revision of <em>Phyllachora</em> (Ascomycotina) on hosts in the angiosperm family Asclepiadaceae, including <em>P. gloriana</em> sp. nov. on <em>Tylophora benthamii</em> from Australia. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 3: 123–138. https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/SB00006</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Piepenbring, M., Hofmann, T.A., Kirschner, R., Mangelsdorff, R. & Trampe, T. (2011) Diversity patterns of Neotropical plant parasitic microfungi. <em>Ecotropica</em> 17: 27–40. [https://www.soctropecol.eu/PDF/Ecotropica_2011/Piepenbring_et_al_2011.pdf]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Santos, M.D.M.D., Fonseca-Boiteux, M.E., Boiteux, L.S., Câmara, P.E.A.S. & Dianese, J.C. (2016) ITS–phylogeny and taxonomy of <em>Phyllachora</em> species on native Myrtacae from the Brazilian Cerrado. <em>Mycologia</em> 108: 1141–1164. https://dx.doi.org/10.3852/16-025</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Silva-Wanderlei, D., Neto, E.R. & Hanlin, R. (2003) Molecular systematics of the Phyllachorales (Ascomycota fungi) based on 18S ribosomal DNA sequences. <em>Brasilian Archives of Biology and Technology</em> 46: 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132003000300002</span></span></span></p>
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