Abstract
The cycad species known in cultivation since the 1970s as Ceratozamia sp. ‘Presa Alemán’ was only recently described, as both C. aurantiaca Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega, J.L.Haynes & Vovides and C. martinezii Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor. & D.W. Stev. Because the two formal descriptions contain somewhat contradictory diagnoses, it became necessary to critically evaluate the two taxonomic treatments and clarify the discrepancies between them to allow for a clearer understanding of the species. A revised taxonomic treatment is herein provided, along with a proposal to formally synonymize C. martinezii under C. aurantiaca.
References
Avendaño, S., Vovides, A.P. & Castillo-Campos, G. (2003) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from Veracruz, Mexico. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 395–398. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00145.x
Beentje, H. (2020) The Kew Plant Glossary: An Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms, 2nd edition. Kew Publishing, Richmond, Surry, UK, 184 pp.
Calonje, M., Stevenson, D.W. & Osborne, R. (2022) The World List of Cycads, online edition. Available from: http://www.cycadlist.org. (accessed 18 October 2022)
Danielopol, D.L., Gross, M., Harzhauser, M., Minati, K. & Piller, W.E. (2011) How and why to achieve greater objectivity in taxonomy, exemplified by a fossil ostracod (Amplocypris abscissa) from the Miocene Lake Pannon. Joannea - Geologie und Paläontologie 11: 273–326.
Hassemer, G., Prado, J. & Baldini, R.M. (2020) Diagnoses and descriptions in plant taxonomy: Are we making proper use of them? Taxon 69 (1): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12200
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Lorea-Hernández, F.G., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2020) A novelty in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico: Biogeographic and morphological patterns, DNA barcoding and phenology. PhytoKeys 156: 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.53502
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2017) Qualitative and quantitative morphological evidence for recognition of a new species within Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Mexico. Phytotaxa 317 (1): 17–28. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.317.1.2
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2016) Integrative taxonomy of Mexican cycads: Biogeography, morphology and DNA barcoding corroborate a new sympatric species in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae). Phytotaxa 268 (1): 25–45. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.268.1.2
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2021) A new Mexican Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) species with notes on reproductive phenology. Nordic Journal of Botany 39 (11): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.03348
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2022) Monograph of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales): An endangered genus. PhytoKeys 208: 1–102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.80382
Miquel, F.A.W. (1870) A la connaissance des cycadees. Adansonia 9: 154–180.
O’Toole, G.B. (1925) The Case Against Evolution. Macmillan, New York, 424 pp.
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Gutiérrez-Ortega, J.S., Haynes, J.L., Chemnick, J., Salas-Morales, S.H., Calonje, M. & Vovides, A.P. (2021a) Ceratozamia aurantiaca (Zamiaceae): A new cycad species from the northern rainforests of Oaxaca, Mexico. Taxonomy 1 (3): 243–255. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy1030018
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Gutiérrez-Ortega, J.S., Vovides, A.P., Calonje, M. & Díaz-Jiménez, P. (2021b) Ceratozamia dominguezii (Zamiaceae): A new cycad species from southeastern Mexico. Taxonomy 1 (4): 345–359. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy1040026
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Vovides, A.P., Martinez-Camilo, R., Martinez Melendez, N. & Iglesias, C. (2009) A reassessment of the Ceratozamia miqueliana species complex (Zamiaceae) of southeastern Mexico, with comments on species relationships. Systematics and Biodiversity 7 (4): 433–443. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200009990211
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Vovides, A.P., Ruiz-Castillejos, C., Galicias, S., Cibrián-Jaramillo, A. & Lopez, S. (2016) Anatomy and morphology suggest a hybrid origin of Zamia katzeriana (Zamiaceae). Phytotaxa 270 (3): 161–181. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.1
Rouhan, G. & Gaudeul, M. (2021) Plant taxonomy: A historical perspective, current challenges, and perspectives. In: Besse, P. (Ed.) Molecular Plant Taxonomy, Humana, New York, pp. 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0997-2_1
Sigüenza Orozco, S. (2020) El drama del progreso por el dominio del Papaloapan: Desplazamiento y modernización en Oaxaca en el Siglo XX. Relatos e Historias en Mexico. Available from: https://relatosehistorias.mx/nuestras-historias/el-drama-del-progreso-por-el-dominio-del-papaloapan (accessed 4 December 2021)
Stevenson, D.W. (1990) Morphology and systematics of the Cycadales. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 57: 8–55. https://doi.org/10.21135/893273507.003
Stevenson, D.W. (1992) A formal classification of the extant cycads. Brittonia 44: 220–223. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806837
Stevenson, D.W. (1993) The Zamiaceae in Panama with comments on phytogeography and species relationships. Brittonia 45 (1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806850
Stevenson, D.W., Sabato, S. & Vázquez Torres, M. (1986) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico with comments on species relationships, habitats, and vegetative morphology in Ceratozamia. Brittonia 38 (1): 17–26. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807413
Taylor, A.S., Haynes, J.L. & Holzman, G. (2008) Taxonomical, nomenclatural, and biogeographical revelations in the Zamia skinneri species complex (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) of Central America. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 399–429. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00886.x
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, Germany. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Turrill, W.B. (1957) The subjective element in plant taxonomy. Bulletin Du Jardin Botanique de l’État a Bruxelles 27 (1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.2307/3666974
Vázquez Torres, M., Moretti, A. & Carvajal-Hernandez, C. (2009) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico. Delpinoa 50–51: 129–133.
Vovides, A.P., Pérez-Farrera, M.A., González, D. & Avendaño, S. (2004) Relationships and phytogeography in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae). In: Walters, T. & Osborne, R. (Eds.) Cycad Classification: Concepts and Recommendations. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 109–125. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997414.0109
Vovides, A.P., Pérez -Farrera, M.A., González-Astorga, J. & Iglesias, C. (2008) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Oaxaca, Mexico with comments on habitat and relationships. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 157: 169–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00793.x
Beentje, H. (2020) The Kew Plant Glossary: An Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms, 2nd edition. Kew Publishing, Richmond, Surry, UK, 184 pp.
Calonje, M., Stevenson, D.W. & Osborne, R. (2022) The World List of Cycads, online edition. Available from: http://www.cycadlist.org. (accessed 18 October 2022)
Danielopol, D.L., Gross, M., Harzhauser, M., Minati, K. & Piller, W.E. (2011) How and why to achieve greater objectivity in taxonomy, exemplified by a fossil ostracod (Amplocypris abscissa) from the Miocene Lake Pannon. Joannea - Geologie und Paläontologie 11: 273–326.
Hassemer, G., Prado, J. & Baldini, R.M. (2020) Diagnoses and descriptions in plant taxonomy: Are we making proper use of them? Taxon 69 (1): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12200
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Lorea-Hernández, F.G., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2020) A novelty in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico: Biogeographic and morphological patterns, DNA barcoding and phenology. PhytoKeys 156: 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.156.53502
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2017) Qualitative and quantitative morphological evidence for recognition of a new species within Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Mexico. Phytotaxa 317 (1): 17–28. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.317.1.2
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2016) Integrative taxonomy of Mexican cycads: Biogeography, morphology and DNA barcoding corroborate a new sympatric species in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae). Phytotaxa 268 (1): 25–45. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.268.1.2
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2021) A new Mexican Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) species with notes on reproductive phenology. Nordic Journal of Botany 39 (11): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.03348
Martínez-Domínguez, L., Nicolalde-Morejón, F., Vergara-Silva, F. & Stevenson, D.W. (2022) Monograph of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales): An endangered genus. PhytoKeys 208: 1–102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.80382
Miquel, F.A.W. (1870) A la connaissance des cycadees. Adansonia 9: 154–180.
O’Toole, G.B. (1925) The Case Against Evolution. Macmillan, New York, 424 pp.
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Gutiérrez-Ortega, J.S., Haynes, J.L., Chemnick, J., Salas-Morales, S.H., Calonje, M. & Vovides, A.P. (2021a) Ceratozamia aurantiaca (Zamiaceae): A new cycad species from the northern rainforests of Oaxaca, Mexico. Taxonomy 1 (3): 243–255. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy1030018
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Gutiérrez-Ortega, J.S., Vovides, A.P., Calonje, M. & Díaz-Jiménez, P. (2021b) Ceratozamia dominguezii (Zamiaceae): A new cycad species from southeastern Mexico. Taxonomy 1 (4): 345–359. https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy1040026
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Vovides, A.P., Martinez-Camilo, R., Martinez Melendez, N. & Iglesias, C. (2009) A reassessment of the Ceratozamia miqueliana species complex (Zamiaceae) of southeastern Mexico, with comments on species relationships. Systematics and Biodiversity 7 (4): 433–443. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200009990211
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Vovides, A.P., Ruiz-Castillejos, C., Galicias, S., Cibrián-Jaramillo, A. & Lopez, S. (2016) Anatomy and morphology suggest a hybrid origin of Zamia katzeriana (Zamiaceae). Phytotaxa 270 (3): 161–181. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.1
Rouhan, G. & Gaudeul, M. (2021) Plant taxonomy: A historical perspective, current challenges, and perspectives. In: Besse, P. (Ed.) Molecular Plant Taxonomy, Humana, New York, pp. 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0997-2_1
Sigüenza Orozco, S. (2020) El drama del progreso por el dominio del Papaloapan: Desplazamiento y modernización en Oaxaca en el Siglo XX. Relatos e Historias en Mexico. Available from: https://relatosehistorias.mx/nuestras-historias/el-drama-del-progreso-por-el-dominio-del-papaloapan (accessed 4 December 2021)
Stevenson, D.W. (1990) Morphology and systematics of the Cycadales. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 57: 8–55. https://doi.org/10.21135/893273507.003
Stevenson, D.W. (1992) A formal classification of the extant cycads. Brittonia 44: 220–223. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806837
Stevenson, D.W. (1993) The Zamiaceae in Panama with comments on phytogeography and species relationships. Brittonia 45 (1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806850
Stevenson, D.W., Sabato, S. & Vázquez Torres, M. (1986) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico with comments on species relationships, habitats, and vegetative morphology in Ceratozamia. Brittonia 38 (1): 17–26. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807413
Taylor, A.S., Haynes, J.L. & Holzman, G. (2008) Taxonomical, nomenclatural, and biogeographical revelations in the Zamia skinneri species complex (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) of Central America. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 399–429. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00886.x
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, Germany. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Turrill, W.B. (1957) The subjective element in plant taxonomy. Bulletin Du Jardin Botanique de l’État a Bruxelles 27 (1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.2307/3666974
Vázquez Torres, M., Moretti, A. & Carvajal-Hernandez, C. (2009) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico. Delpinoa 50–51: 129–133.
Vovides, A.P., Pérez-Farrera, M.A., González, D. & Avendaño, S. (2004) Relationships and phytogeography in Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae). In: Walters, T. & Osborne, R. (Eds.) Cycad Classification: Concepts and Recommendations. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 109–125. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997414.0109
Vovides, A.P., Pérez -Farrera, M.A., González-Astorga, J. & Iglesias, C. (2008) A new species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) from Oaxaca, Mexico with comments on habitat and relationships. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 157: 169–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00793.x