Abstract
The new Cretaceous species Kittonia kempii (Biddulphiales: Kittoniaceae) is described and accompanied with a revised and detailed description of the only other Cretaceous species of Kittonia, Kittonia hannai P. Leféb. & Chenev. Addtionally, further details are provided on the type material of Kittonia gigantea (Greville) De Toni and some notes on the relationships of the genus.
References
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barker, J.W. & Meakin, S.H. (1945) New and rare diatoms<em>. Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 2 (1): 18–22.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barker, J.W. & Meakin, S.H. (1946) New and rare diatoms<em>. Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 2 (2): 76–79.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barker, J.W. & Meakin, S.H. (1949) New and rare diatoms. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 2 (6): 301–303.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brigger, A.L. & Hanna, G.D. (1965) A review of <em>Kittonia</em>, a genus of diatoms. <em>Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences </em>50: 1–10. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3163873] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brun, J. (1896) Diatomées Miocènes, Description des espèces. <em>Le Diatomiste </em>2 (24): 229–247.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cornell, W.C. (1973) <em>Archaeomonadopsis incerta</em> Rampi, 1940; a diatom fragment. <em>Journal of Paleontology</em> 47 (6): 1121–1122. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1303178] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chambers, P.M. (1997) Lat<em>e Cretaceous and Paleocene marine diatom floras</em>. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). [https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10104676/] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chenevière, E. (1934) Sur un dépôt fossile marin à diatomées situé à Kamischev (Russie centrale). <em>Bulletin de la Société Française de Microscopie</em> 3: 103–107.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">De Toni, G.B. (1894) <em>Sylloge algarum omnium hucusque cognitarum</em>. Vol. II. Bacillarieae; sectio III. Cryptoraphideae. Typis Seminarrii, Patavii, pp. 819–1556, I–CCXIV</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fourtanier, E. & Kociolek, J.P. (1999) Catalogue of the diatom genera. <em>Diatom Research</em> 14: 1–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1999.9705462 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fuge, D.P. (1936) Two new <em>Kittonias</em>: A diatom note. <em>Watson’s Microscope Record, London</em> 38: 3–5.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Fuge, D.P. (1937) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Kittonia</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (?) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>virgata</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> G. & S. with a note on the genus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Hemiaulus</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> and its ‘mucro’. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Watson’s Microscope Record, London</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 40: 12–15.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Greville, R.K. (1864) Descriptions of new and rare diatoms. Series XI. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Transactions of the Microscopical Society, London</em></span><span lang="en-GB">, n.s. 12: 8–14. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46869590] </span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grove, E. & Sturt, G. (1886) On a fossil marine diatomaceous deposit from Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Part I. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 2, 2 (16): 321–330. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2225897] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grove, E. & Sturt, G. (1887) On a fossil marine Diatomaceous Deposit from Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Part III. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 2, 3 (18): 63–78. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2032105] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jousé, A.P. (1977) <em>Atlas mikroorganizmov donnykh osadkov Mirovogo okeana: (diatomovye, radioliarii, silikofliagelliaty, kokkolity</em>). [<em>Atlas of micro-organisms in bottom sediments of the oceans (diatoms, radiolarians, silicoflagellates and coccoliths</em>)]. Akademia Nauk SSSR, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, ‘Nauka’, Moscow, 196 pp., 160 pls., 2 figs.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lefébure, P. & Chenevière, E. (1939) Description et iconographie de diatomées rares ou nouvelles. II. <em>Bulletin de la Société Française de Microscopie</em> 8: 21–25.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Long, J.A., Fuge, D.P. & Smith, J. (1946) Diatoms of the Moreno Shale. <em>Journal of Paleontology </em>20: 89–118. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1299377]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Meakin, S.H. & Brigger, A.L. (1949) New and Rare Diatoms. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 3 (1): 41–42.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Meister, F. (1937) Seltene und neue Kieselalgen. II. <em>Berichte der Schweizerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft</em> 47: 258–276. [https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=bhl-001%3A1937%3A47#262]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Shipboard Scientific Party (1975) 2. 275. Initia<em>l Reports of the DSDP </em>29: 19–35. https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.29.102.1975</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rampi, L. (1940) Archaeomonadacee del Cretaceo Americano. <em>Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano</em> 79 (1): 60–68. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57877031 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ross, R. (2002) Which illustrations are original material? <em>Taxon </em>51: 523–524. https://doi.org/10.2307/1554867</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ross, R. & Sims, P.A. (1985) Some genera of the Biddulphiaceae (diatoms) with interlocking linking spines. <em>Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany Series</em> 13 (3): 277–381. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2348727] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. (1990) <em>The Diatoms. Biology and Morphology of the genera.</em> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 747 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schütt, F. (1896) Bacillariales (Diatomeae).<em> In: </em>Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) <em>Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em>. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann. Leipzig, I, 1b, pp. 31–150.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sims, P.A. & Hendey, N.I. (2002) A note on the valve structure of <em>Triceratium heterogonum</em> Barker & Meakin, an unusual species from Conset, Barbados. <em>Diatom Research</em> 17: 383–390. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2002.9705555 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Williams, D.M. (1988) An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens in the Greville diatom herbarium. <em>Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany Series </em>18 (1): 1–148. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2634096 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Witkowski, J., Sims, P.A. & Williams, D.M. (2017) Typification of Eocene–Oligocene diatom taxa proposed by Grove & Sturt (1886–1887) from the Oamaru Diatomite, <em>Diatom Research</em> 32: 363–408, https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2017.1395366</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wornardt, W.W. (1972) Stratigraphic distribution of diatom genera in marine sediments in western North America. <em>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</em> 12: 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(72)90006-5 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barker, J.W. & Meakin, S.H. (1946) New and rare diatoms<em>. Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 2 (2): 76–79.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Barker, J.W. & Meakin, S.H. (1949) New and rare diatoms. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 2 (6): 301–303.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brigger, A.L. & Hanna, G.D. (1965) A review of <em>Kittonia</em>, a genus of diatoms. <em>Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences </em>50: 1–10. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3163873] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brun, J. (1896) Diatomées Miocènes, Description des espèces. <em>Le Diatomiste </em>2 (24): 229–247.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cornell, W.C. (1973) <em>Archaeomonadopsis incerta</em> Rampi, 1940; a diatom fragment. <em>Journal of Paleontology</em> 47 (6): 1121–1122. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1303178] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chambers, P.M. (1997) Lat<em>e Cretaceous and Paleocene marine diatom floras</em>. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). [https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10104676/] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chenevière, E. (1934) Sur un dépôt fossile marin à diatomées situé à Kamischev (Russie centrale). <em>Bulletin de la Société Française de Microscopie</em> 3: 103–107.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">De Toni, G.B. (1894) <em>Sylloge algarum omnium hucusque cognitarum</em>. Vol. II. Bacillarieae; sectio III. Cryptoraphideae. Typis Seminarrii, Patavii, pp. 819–1556, I–CCXIV</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fourtanier, E. & Kociolek, J.P. (1999) Catalogue of the diatom genera. <em>Diatom Research</em> 14: 1–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1999.9705462 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fuge, D.P. (1936) Two new <em>Kittonias</em>: A diatom note. <em>Watson’s Microscope Record, London</em> 38: 3–5.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Fuge, D.P. (1937) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Kittonia</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> (?) </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>virgata</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> G. & S. with a note on the genus </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Hemiaulus</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> and its ‘mucro’. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Watson’s Microscope Record, London</em></span><span lang="en-GB"> 40: 12–15.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Greville, R.K. (1864) Descriptions of new and rare diatoms. Series XI. </span><span lang="en-GB"><em>Transactions of the Microscopical Society, London</em></span><span lang="en-GB">, n.s. 12: 8–14. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46869590] </span></span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grove, E. & Sturt, G. (1886) On a fossil marine diatomaceous deposit from Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Part I. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 2, 2 (16): 321–330. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2225897] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grove, E. & Sturt, G. (1887) On a fossil marine Diatomaceous Deposit from Oamaru, Otago, New Zealand. Part III. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 2, 3 (18): 63–78. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2032105] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jousé, A.P. (1977) <em>Atlas mikroorganizmov donnykh osadkov Mirovogo okeana: (diatomovye, radioliarii, silikofliagelliaty, kokkolity</em>). [<em>Atlas of micro-organisms in bottom sediments of the oceans (diatoms, radiolarians, silicoflagellates and coccoliths</em>)]. Akademia Nauk SSSR, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, ‘Nauka’, Moscow, 196 pp., 160 pls., 2 figs.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lefébure, P. & Chenevière, E. (1939) Description et iconographie de diatomées rares ou nouvelles. II. <em>Bulletin de la Société Française de Microscopie</em> 8: 21–25.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Long, J.A., Fuge, D.P. & Smith, J. (1946) Diatoms of the Moreno Shale. <em>Journal of Paleontology </em>20: 89–118. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1299377]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Meakin, S.H. & Brigger, A.L. (1949) New and Rare Diatoms. <em>Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club</em>, ser. 4, 3 (1): 41–42.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Meister, F. (1937) Seltene und neue Kieselalgen. II. <em>Berichte der Schweizerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft</em> 47: 258–276. [https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=bhl-001%3A1937%3A47#262]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Shipboard Scientific Party (1975) 2. 275. Initia<em>l Reports of the DSDP </em>29: 19–35. https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.29.102.1975</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Rampi, L. (1940) Archaeomonadacee del Cretaceo Americano. <em>Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano</em> 79 (1): 60–68. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57877031 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ross, R. (2002) Which illustrations are original material? <em>Taxon </em>51: 523–524. https://doi.org/10.2307/1554867</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ross, R. & Sims, P.A. (1985) Some genera of the Biddulphiaceae (diatoms) with interlocking linking spines. <em>Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany Series</em> 13 (3): 277–381. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2348727] </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. (1990) <em>The Diatoms. Biology and Morphology of the genera.</em> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 747 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schütt, F. (1896) Bacillariales (Diatomeae).<em> In: </em>Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) <em>Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em>. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann. Leipzig, I, 1b, pp. 31–150.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sims, P.A. & Hendey, N.I. (2002) A note on the valve structure of <em>Triceratium heterogonum</em> Barker & Meakin, an unusual species from Conset, Barbados. <em>Diatom Research</em> 17: 383–390. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2002.9705555 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Williams, D.M. (1988) An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens in the Greville diatom herbarium. <em>Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany Series </em>18 (1): 1–148. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2634096 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Witkowski, J., Sims, P.A. & Williams, D.M. (2017) Typification of Eocene–Oligocene diatom taxa proposed by Grove & Sturt (1886–1887) from the Oamaru Diatomite, <em>Diatom Research</em> 32: 363–408, https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2017.1395366</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wornardt, W.W. (1972) Stratigraphic distribution of diatom genera in marine sediments in western North America. <em>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</em> 12: 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(72)90006-5 </span></span></span></p>