Abstract
Viola cinerea var. stocksii is rediscovered from Chambal ravines of Madhya Pradesh after 52 years. It was also observed that the typification of Viola cinerea var. stocksii and its synonyms are inadequate. Original materials are also established here. In present communication detailed description, colour photographs and micrograph are provided for easy identification.
References
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="en-GB">Agarkar, D.S. (1969) Enumeration of the plants of lower Chambal valley ravines, Madhya Pradesh. </span>Bulletin Botanical Survey of India 11: 398–402. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ballard, H.E.Jr. (1996) Phylogenetic relationships and infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on morphology, chromosome number, natural hybridization and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. PhD dissertation, university of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 344 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ballard, H.E.Jr., Sytsma, K.J. & Kowal, R.R. (1999) Shrinking the violets: phylogenetic relationships of infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 23: 439–458. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419376</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Banerjee, S.P. & Pramanik, B.B. (1983) Fascicle of flora of India 12. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India, pp. 1–40.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Becker, W. (1918) Violae Asiaticae et Australenses. III. Beihefte zum botanischen Centralblatt, Abt. II, 36: 15–59.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Becker, W. (1925) Viola. In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Vol. 21. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. pp. 363–376.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boissier, E. (1843) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, vol. 1. B. Hermann, Lipsia [Leipzig], 7 pp. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boissier, E. (1867) Flora Orientalis, Vol. 1. Georg, Basel. pp. 453. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boulos, L. (2000) Flora of Egypt 2. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo. pp. 13–52.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1927) Chromosome number and the relationship of species in the genus Viola. Annals of Botany 41: 677–714. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090098</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1929) Chromosome number and relationship of some North American species of Viola. Annals of Botany 43: 741–764. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090198</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1931) Cyto-genetic and taxonomic investigations in Melanium violets. Hereditas 15: 219–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1931.tb02553.x</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1964) Cytotaxonomy and distributional ecology of western North American violets. Maxroño 17: 173–197.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duthie, J.F. (1903) Flora of upper Gangetic plain and the adjacent of Siwalik and Sub - Himalayan tracts. Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10981</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Edgeworth, M.P. (1862) On Viola. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany. London. 6: 184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1862.tb01226.x</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Engler, H.G.A. (1892) Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin. Berlin. 308 pp. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fan, Q., Chen, S., Wang, L., Chen<span lang="en-GB">,</span> Z. & Liao, W. (2015) A new species and new section of Viola (Violaceae) from Guangdong, China. Phytotaxa 197: 15–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.197.1.2</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gershoy, A. (1934) Studies in North American violets. III. Chromosome numbers and species characters. Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 367: 1–91.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hijmans, R.J., Guarino, L., Mathur, P., Cruz, M., Barrantes, I. & Rojas, E. (2021) DIVA GIS, Version 7.5: A geographic information system for the analysis of biodiversity data [Software]. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI).</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hooker, J.D. (1875) Flora of British India. Henrietta Street (London): L Reeve and Co. 5. Reprints in 1900 by Bishen Singh and Mahendra Pal Singh, India. pp. 182–189.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jain, S.K. & Rao, R.R. (1977) A Hand book of field and Herbarium Methods. Today and tomorrows printers and publishers, New Delhi, 157 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jussieu, A.L. (1804) Annales du Muséum National D’histoire Naturelle, 4. Chez Levrault, Schnoell et Compagnie, Libraries, Paris, pp. 91.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisio Generum Plantarum. Vol. 2. Arthur Felix, Leipzig. 529 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Stockholm: L. Salvius; 2: 933 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012) Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman) Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2012.10670909</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nees, C.G. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: Candolle, A.L.P.P. de (ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 11. V. Masson, Paris, pp. 368?376.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Perrino, E.V., Silletti, G.N., Erben, M. & Wagensommer, R.P. (2018) Viola cassinensis subsp. lucana (Violaceae), a new subspecies from the Lucanian Apennine, southern Italy. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 58 (2): 109?115. https://doi.org/10.12905/0380.phyton58(2)-2018-0109</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schmidt, A. (1992) Flora Iranica 169. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz. pp. 1–29.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schweinfurth, G.A. (1868) Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 18: 665. [Vienna]</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Singh, K.P., Khanna, K.K. & Sinha, G.P. (2016) Flora of Uttar Pradesh- Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India. Kolkata. 170 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stapf, O. (1900) Flora Capensis; being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, & port Natal. Vol. 4. Henrietta Street (London): L Reeve and Co. <span lang="en-GB">pp. </span>632.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrir, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159]. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Verma, D.M., Balakrishnan, N.P. & Dixit, R.D. (1993) Flora of Madhya Pradesh – Vol. I. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. 160 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wahlert, G.A., Marcussen, T., Paula-Souza, J. de, Feng, M. & Ballard, H.E.Jr. (2014) A phylogeny of the Violaceae (Malpighiales) inferred from plastid DNA sequences: implications for generic diversity and intrafamilial classification. Systematic Botany 39: 239–252. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364414X678008</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Willdenow, C.L. (1803) Crotalaria. In: Rottler, J.P. (Eds.) Neue Schriften, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin iv. Berlin. 217 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Yoo, K.-O. & Jang, S.-K. (2010) Infrageneric relationships of Korean Viola based on eight chloroplast markers. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 48: 474–481. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00102.x</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ballard, H.E.Jr. (1996) Phylogenetic relationships and infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on morphology, chromosome number, natural hybridization and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. PhD dissertation, university of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 344 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ballard, H.E.Jr., Sytsma, K.J. & Kowal, R.R. (1999) Shrinking the violets: phylogenetic relationships of infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 23: 439–458. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419376</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Banerjee, S.P. & Pramanik, B.B. (1983) Fascicle of flora of India 12. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India, pp. 1–40.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Becker, W. (1918) Violae Asiaticae et Australenses. III. Beihefte zum botanischen Centralblatt, Abt. II, 36: 15–59.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Becker, W. (1925) Viola. In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Vol. 21. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. pp. 363–376.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boissier, E. (1843) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, vol. 1. B. Hermann, Lipsia [Leipzig], 7 pp. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boissier, E. (1867) Flora Orientalis, Vol. 1. Georg, Basel. pp. 453. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boulos, L. (2000) Flora of Egypt 2. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo. pp. 13–52.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1927) Chromosome number and the relationship of species in the genus Viola. Annals of Botany 41: 677–714. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090098</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1929) Chromosome number and relationship of some North American species of Viola. Annals of Botany 43: 741–764. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090198</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1931) Cyto-genetic and taxonomic investigations in Melanium violets. Hereditas 15: 219–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1931.tb02553.x</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Clausen, J. (1964) Cytotaxonomy and distributional ecology of western North American violets. Maxroño 17: 173–197.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Duthie, J.F. (1903) Flora of upper Gangetic plain and the adjacent of Siwalik and Sub - Himalayan tracts. Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10981</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Edgeworth, M.P. (1862) On Viola. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany. London. 6: 184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1862.tb01226.x</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Engler, H.G.A. (1892) Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin. Berlin. 308 pp. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fan, Q., Chen, S., Wang, L., Chen<span lang="en-GB">,</span> Z. & Liao, W. (2015) A new species and new section of Viola (Violaceae) from Guangdong, China. Phytotaxa 197: 15–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.197.1.2</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gershoy, A. (1934) Studies in North American violets. III. Chromosome numbers and species characters. Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 367: 1–91.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hijmans, R.J., Guarino, L., Mathur, P., Cruz, M., Barrantes, I. & Rojas, E. (2021) DIVA GIS, Version 7.5: A geographic information system for the analysis of biodiversity data [Software]. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI).</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hooker, J.D. (1875) Flora of British India. Henrietta Street (London): L Reeve and Co. 5. Reprints in 1900 by Bishen Singh and Mahendra Pal Singh, India. pp. 182–189.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jain, S.K. & Rao, R.R. (1977) A Hand book of field and Herbarium Methods. Today and tomorrows printers and publishers, New Delhi, 157 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jussieu, A.L. (1804) Annales du Muséum National D’histoire Naturelle, 4. Chez Levrault, Schnoell et Compagnie, Libraries, Paris, pp. 91.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisio Generum Plantarum. Vol. 2. Arthur Felix, Leipzig. 529 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Stockholm: L. Salvius; 2: 933 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012) Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman) Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2012.10670909</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nees, C.G. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: Candolle, A.L.P.P. de (ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 11. V. Masson, Paris, pp. 368?376.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Perrino, E.V., Silletti, G.N., Erben, M. & Wagensommer, R.P. (2018) Viola cassinensis subsp. lucana (Violaceae), a new subspecies from the Lucanian Apennine, southern Italy. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 58 (2): 109?115. https://doi.org/10.12905/0380.phyton58(2)-2018-0109</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schmidt, A. (1992) Flora Iranica 169. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz. pp. 1–29.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schweinfurth, G.A. (1868) Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 18: 665. [Vienna]</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Singh, K.P., Khanna, K.K. & Sinha, G.P. (2016) Flora of Uttar Pradesh- Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India. Kolkata. 170 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stapf, O. (1900) Flora Capensis; being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, & port Natal. Vol. 4. Henrietta Street (London): L Reeve and Co. <span lang="en-GB">pp. </span>632.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrir, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159]. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Verma, D.M., Balakrishnan, N.P. & Dixit, R.D. (1993) Flora of Madhya Pradesh – Vol. I. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. 160 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wahlert, G.A., Marcussen, T., Paula-Souza, J. de, Feng, M. & Ballard, H.E.Jr. (2014) A phylogeny of the Violaceae (Malpighiales) inferred from plastid DNA sequences: implications for generic diversity and intrafamilial classification. Systematic Botany 39: 239–252. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364414X678008</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Willdenow, C.L. (1803) Crotalaria. In: Rottler, J.P. (Eds.) Neue Schriften, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin iv. Berlin. 217 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Yoo, K.-O. & Jang, S.-K. (2010) Infrageneric relationships of Korean Viola based on eight chloroplast markers. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 48: 474–481. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00102.x</span></span></span>
