Abstract
Stachys, among the largest genera of Lamiaceae, includes approximately 370 species (435 taxa) and has a subcosmopolitan distribution. Here, based on their distinctive features of morphological characters, Muğla (Turkey) specimens are determined to represent a distinct species than relevant Stachys species in Turkey and Greece. Stachys milasensis Ö.Güner, described as a new species, belongs to section Swainsoniana and is an endemic species to Turkey. The newly described species shows affinity with S. swainsonii growing in Greece but differs from it in dense villous flowering stems, ovate to oblong-lanceolate cauline leaves, bilabiate calyx and oblong-ovate calyx teeth and oblong-ovate nutlets. In addition to morphological differences, the new species is geographically isolated from S. swainsonii. With this addition, the number of Turkish Stachys species has reached 94 (121 taxa), and 65 (53.7%) of these taxa are endemic.
References
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Güner, Ö. (2022) Contributions to the Flora of Iraq: Stachys bhattacharjeei sp. nov. (Lamiaceae). Feddes Repertorium. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.202100039 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Güner, Ö., Akçiçek, E. & Dirmenci, T. (2021) A new Stachys species from Turkey: Stachys siirtensis (Lamiaceae). Phytotaxa 516 (3): 252–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.516.3.4 </span></span></span>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Menemen, Y., Kandemir, A. & Aytaç, Z. (2016) Türkçe bilimsel bitki adlar? yönergesi (Directive of Turkish scientific plant names). Ba?bahçe Bilim Dergisi 3: 1–3. [in Turkish]</span></span></span>
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<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Akçiçek, E., F?rat, M. & Güner, Ö. (2016) Stachys hakkariensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from eastern Anatolia (Turkey) belonging to Stachys sect. Olisia. Phytotaxa 257 (2): 167–173. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.257.2.6</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Akçiçek, E. & Güner, Ö. (2022) A new subspecies of Stachys cretica (Lamiaceae) from western Turkey. Phytotaxa 539 (3): 257–264. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.539.3.4 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Anonymous, (2022) About Mu?la. Information package / course catalogue. Mu?la S?tk? Koçman University (accessed 9 July 2022).</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ball, P.W. (1972) Stachys L. In: Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burgess, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walter, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (Eds.) Flora Europaea, vol. 3. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 151–157.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bentham, G. (1834) Labiatarum genera et species 5. James Ridgway and Sons, London, pp. 447–556. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhattacharjee, R. (1974) Taxonomic studies in Stachys I: New species and infra-specific taxa from Turkey. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden 33: 275–292.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhattacharjee, R. (1980) Taxonomic studies in Stachys II: A new infrageneric classification of Stachys L. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden 38: 65–96.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bhattacharjee, R. (1982) Stachys L. In: Davis, P.H. (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 7. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 199–262.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bieb, M. (1868) Addenda et Emendanda, Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 414. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boissier, E. (1843) Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum, ser. 1, 1 (3), Genevae, 1872: Flora orientalis 2. Basileae.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Constantinidis, T. (1995) Stachys euboica Rech. fil. In: Phitos, D., Strid, A., Snogerup, S. & Greuter, W. (eds.) The Red Data Book of Rare, Threatened Plants of Greece. Michalas K., Athens, pp. 478–479. </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013) Vascular plants of Greece: An annotated checklist. Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem; Athens: Hellenic Botanical Society.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dumortier, B.C. (1827) Florula Belgica. Staminacia. Typis J. Casterman, Tornaci Nerviorum.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Eker, ?., Duman, H. & Y?ld?r?m, H. (2020) Muscari muglaensis (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new species from southwestern Anatolia. Phytotaxa 475 (4): 267–278. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.475.4.4</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">F?rat, M. (2021) Stachys semsurensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from Ad?yaman province (Turkey) belonging to section Infrarosularis. Phytotaxa 511 (3): 275–282. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.511.3.6</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gül, M., Zorlu, K. & Gül, M. (2019) Assessment of mining impacts on environment in Mu?la-Ayd?n (SW Turkey) using Landsat and Google Earth imagery. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 191 (11): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7807-3</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Güner, Ö. (2016) Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogenetic analysis for section Fragilicaulis R.Bhattacharjee of genus Stachys in Turkey. PhD, Bal?kesir University Institute of Science, Bal?kesir, Turkey.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Güner, Ö. (2022) Contributions to the Flora of Iraq: Stachys bhattacharjeei sp. nov. (Lamiaceae). Feddes Repertorium. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.202100039 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Güner, Ö., Akçiçek, E. & Dirmenci, T. (2021) A new Stachys species from Turkey: Stachys siirtensis (Lamiaceae). Phytotaxa 516 (3): 252–262. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.516.3.4 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Güner, Ö. & Ferrer-Gallego, P.P. (2021) Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on some Stachys taxa (Lamiaceae). Turkish Journal of Botany 45: 69–82. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-2010-12 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Harley, R.M., Atkins, S., Budantsev, A.L., Cantino, P.D., Conn, B.J., Grayer, R., Harley, M.M., de Kok, R., Krestovskaya, T., Morales, R., Paton, A.J., Ryding, O. & Upson, T. (2004) Labiatae. In: Kubitzki, K. & Kadereit, J.W. (Eds.) The families and genera of vascular plants 7. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 167–275. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18617-2_11</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">IUCN, Standards and Petitions Committee. (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Downloadable from https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf. (accessed 9 July 2022).</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Karaismailo?lu, M.C. & Güner, Ö. (2021) Trichome micromorphology of the genus Stachys sect. Fragilicaulis subsect. Fragilis and its taxonomic implications. Plant Biosystems 155 (4): 833–847. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2020.1801874</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lindqvist, C. & Albert, A.V. (2002) Origin of the Hawaiian endemic mints within North American Stachys (Lamiaceae). American Journal of Botany 89: 1709–1724. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.89.10.1709</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum, vols. 1–2. Holmiæ, Impensis. Laurentii Salvii, [Stockholm], 1200 pp.</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martin, E., Alt?nordu, F., Güner, Ö. & Akçiçek, E. (2016) Karyological studies of six endemic species of Stachys (Lamiaceae) subsect. Fragiles from Turkey. Cytologia 81: 231–236. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.81.231 </span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Menemen, Y., Kandemir, A. & Aytaç, Z. (2016) Türkçe bilimsel bitki adlar? yönergesi (Directive of Turkish scientific plant names). Ba?bahçe Bilim Dergisi 3: 1–3. [in Turkish]</span></span></span>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Özdöl, T., Güner, Ö., Sefal?, A., Akçiçek, E., Dirmenci, T. & Y?ld?r?m, H. (2022) Three new records for the flora of Turkey: Campanula lyrata subsp. icarica (Campanulaceae), Erysimum aureum (Brassicaceae) and Stachys benthamiana (Lamiaceae). Phytotaxa 531 (2): 147–150. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.8</span></span></span>
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