Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 564 No. 2: 16 September 2022
Type: Article
Published: 2022-09-16
DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.2
Page range: 149-190
Abstract views: 79
PDF downloaded: 2

Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Campus do Vale, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
Embrapa Clima Temperado, Caixa Postal 403, Rodovia BR-392, Km 78, 9º Distrito, Monte Bonito, Pelotas, RS 96010-971, Brazil
Agarista Atlantic Rainforest Gaultheria Gaylussacia Pampas Grasslands Subtropical Highland Grasslands Eudicots

Abstract

This study presents a taxonomic review of the native species of Ericaceae in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil, providing identification keys, synonymy, morphological descriptions, and specimen photograph plates, besides maps of geographic distributions and lists of studied specimens to assist in identification and conservation. We made literature reviews, collecting expeditions, and reviewed 14 Brazilian herbaria, plus an additional 17 online herbaria. We confirmed the occurrence of three genera, 10 species, and 11 taxa, including the new occurrence of Gaultheria ulei to the state. All species occur in the Brazilian subtropical highland grasslands of the Atlantic Rainforest. Five species were confirmed occurring in the temperate grasslands of the Pampas, where Agarista eucalyptoides and A. chlorantha were previously known and A. minensis, A. nummularia and Gaylussacia brasiliensis represent new records. Agarista eucalyptoides and Gaylussacia brasiliensis are the most widely distributed species in the state. Agarista nummularia and Gaylussacia brasiliensis are the only species registered in the coastal plains. Five species are threatened in the state flora: Agarista chlorantha (EN), A. minensis (VU), A. niederleinii (VU), Gaultheria itatiaiae (EN), and Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria (EN). Additionally, we highlight seed shape as a distinctive trait to separate species within Agarista.

References

<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Andrade, B., Bonilha, C., Overbeck, G.E., Vélez-Martin, E., Rolim, R.G., Bordignon, S.A.L., Schneider, A.A., Ely, C.V., Lucas, D.B., Garcia, E.N., Santos, E.D., Torchelsen, F.P., Vieira, M.S., Silva-Filho, P.J.S., Ferreira, P.M.A., Trevisan, R., Hollas, R. Campestrini, S., Pillar, V.D. &amp; Boldrini, I.I. (2018) Classification of South Brazilian grasslands: Implications for conservation. <em>Applied Vegetation Science</em> 22: 168–184. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12413</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Andrade, B., Bonilha, C.L., Ferreira, P.M.A., Boldrini, I.I. &amp; Overbeck, G.E. (2016) Highland grasslands at the Southern tip of the Atlantic Forest biome: Management options and conservation challenges. <em>Oecologia Australis</em> 20 (2): 175–199. https://doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2016.2002.04</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. &amp; Scott, B. (2011) “Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool.” e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. <em>ZooKeys</em> 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Beentje, H. (2016) <em>The Kew Plant Glossary</em>. Kew Royal Botanical Gardens, 171 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">BHL (2022) <em>Biodiversity Heritage Library</em>. Available from: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ (accessed 26 May 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boldrini, I.I., Eggers, L., Mentz, L.A., Miotto, S.T.S., Matzenbacher, N.I., Longhi-Wagner, H.M., Trevisan, R., Schneider, A.A. &amp; Setúbal, R.B. (2009) Flora. <em>In:</em> Boldrini, I. (Ed.) <em>Biodiversidade dos Campos do Planalto das Araucárias</em>. MMA, Brasília, pp. 39–94.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">BOTANICUS (2022) Botanicus Digital Library. Available from: http://www.botanicus.org/ (accessed 26 May 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cabral, A., Romão, G.O., Roman, S.A. &amp; Menini, N.L. (2016a) Ericaceae da Serra Negra, Minas Gerais, Brasil. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 67: 225–236. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667111</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cabral, A., Romão, G.O., Salimena, F.R.G. &amp; Menini, N.L. (2016b) Ericaceae do Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio, Minas Gerais, Brasil. <em>Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo</em> 34: 7–19. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v33i0p7-13</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cabral, A., Romão, G.O. &amp; Menini Neto, L. (2017) Ericaceae no Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brasil. <em>Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo</em> 35: 75–93. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v35i0p75-93</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Candolle, A.P. de (1839) Vaccinieae, Ericaceae. <em>Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis</em> 7: 522–733. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.286</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chamisso, A. &amp; Schlechtendal, D.F.L. (1826) De plantis in expeditione speculatoria romanzzofiana observatis, Ericaceae. <em>Linnaea; Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange,</em> Berlin 1 (4): 516–538.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Chamisso, A. (1833) Spicilegium plantarum e familis jam prius recentis praesertim brasiliensium serius a Sellowio missarum, Ericaceae. <em>Linnaea; Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange</em>, Berlin 8 (4): 491–512.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">CNCFlora (2012) <em>Ericaceae</em>. Lista Vermelha da flora brasileira versão 2012.2 Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora. Available from: http://cncflora.jbrj.gov.br/portal/pt-br/profile/Nematanthus%20tessmannii (accessed 25 March 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">CRIA (Centro de Referência e Informação Ambiental) (2022 <em>Specieslink</em> - simple search. Available from: http://www.splink.org.br/index (accessed 18 March 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dalastra, C.H. &amp; Heiden, G. (2020) Typifications of five names in <em>Agarista</em> (Ericaceae, Vaccinioideae, Lyonieae). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 474 (2): 179–184. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.474.2.8</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Deble, L.P., Marchiori, J.N.C. &amp; Oliveira-Deble, A.S. (2013) A família Ericaceae no Bioma Pampa do Rio Grande do Sul. 1–<em>Agarista chlorantha</em> (Cham.) G.Don. <em>Balduinia</em> 39: 15–18. https://doi.org/10.5902/2358198013981</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Don, D. (1834) An attempt at a new arrangement of the Ericaceae. <em>Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal</em> 17: 150–160.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Don, G. (1834) <em>A general history of the dichlamydeous plants: comprising complete descriptions of the different orders...the whole arranged according to the natural system</em> 4: 837–838. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.16519</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Drude, O. (1889) Ericaceae. <em>In: </em>Engler, A. &amp; Prantl, K. (1889) <em>Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</em> IV (1): 15–65. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.4635</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute). (2019) ArcGIS Release 10.5. Redlands, CA.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ettingshausen, C.R. von (1861) <em>Die Blatt-Skelete der Dikotyledonen mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die Untersuchung und Bestimmung der fossilen Pflanzenreste</em>. Staatsdruckerei, Wien, 307 pp., 95 tt. https://doi.org/10.18452/61 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fortes, A.B. (1959) <em>Geografia física do Rio Grande do Sul</em>. Globo, Porto Alegre, Brasil.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Freudenstein, J.V., Broe, M.B. &amp; Feldenkris, E.R. (2016) Phylogenetic relationships at the base of Ericaceae: Implications for vegetative and mycorrhizal evolution. <em>Taxon</em> 65 (4): 794–804. https://doi.org/10.12705/654.7</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Glaziou, A.F.M. (1910) Liste des plantes du Brésil Central recueillies en 1861–1895. <em>Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France</em> 57 (Memoires 3 ed): 429. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.4336</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grela, I.A. &amp; Brusa, C.A. (2005) Novedades para la flora del Uruguay: nuevo registro de <em>Agarista</em> (Ericaceae). <em>Acta botanica brasilica</em> 19 (3): 511–514. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062005000300011</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Harris, J.G. &amp; Harris, M.W. (2001) <em>Plant identification terminology, an illustrated glossary.</em> Spring Lake Publishing, Spring Lake, Utah, USA, 216 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Iganci, J.R.V., Heiden, G., Miotto, S.T.S. &amp; Pennington, R.T. (2011) Campos de Cima da Serra: the Brazilian Subtropical Highland Grasslands show an unexpected level of plant endemism. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 167: 378–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01182.x</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. [https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Judd, W.S. (1984) A taxonomic revision of the American species of <em>Agarista</em> (ERICACEAE). <em>Journal of the Arnold Arboretum</em> 65: 255–342. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.36695</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Judd, W.S. (1995) <em>Agarista </em>G. Don.<em> In: </em>Luteyn, J.L., Judd, W.S., Clemants, S.E., Diggs, G.M., Sørensen, P.D., Dorr, L.J. &amp; Wallace, G.D. <em>Ericaceae—part, II. The superior ovaried genera.</em> Flora Neotropica. Vol. 66. The New York Bot. Garden, New York, 560 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Judd, W.S. &amp; Luteyn, J.L. (2006) Rediscovery of <em>Agarista bracamorensis</em> (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae). <em>Rhodora</em> 108 (934): 97–102. https://doi.org/10.3119/05-25.1</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellog, E.A., Stevens, P.F. &amp; Donoghue, M.J. (2009) <em>Sistemática Vegetal: um enfoque filogenético</em>. 3 ed. Artmed, Porto Alegre, Brasil.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kinoshita-Gouvêa, L.S. (1980) <em>Estudos taxonômicos e fitogeográficos da família Ericaceae no Brasi</em>l. Tese de Doutorado. Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kinoshita, L.S. &amp; Romão, G.O. (2011) <em>Ericaceae</em>. <em>In</em>: Cavalcanti, T.B. &amp; Silva, A.P. (Eds.) <em>Flora do Distrito Federal, Brasil.</em> Vol. 9. Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia. Brasília, pp. 115–132.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J. &amp; Luteyn, J.L. (2002) Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphological evidence. <em>The Botanical Review</em> 68 (3): 335–424. https://doi.org/10.1663/0006-8101(2002)068[0335:PCOEMA]2.0.CO;2</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kron, K.A. &amp; Luteyn, J.L. (2005) Origins and biogeographic patterns in Ericaceae: New insights from recent phylogenetic analyses. <em>Biologiske Skrifter</em> 55: 479–500.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kunth, C.S. (1818) Ericaceae. <em>In:</em> von Humboldt, F.H.A., Bonpland, A.J. &amp; Kunth (eds.) Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland. <em>Nova Genera et Species Plantarum</em> 3: 215–250.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kuntze, O. (1891) Vacciniaceae.<em> Revisio generum plantarum</em> […] 2: 263–383. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.327</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species plantarum</em>, v. 1. 571 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lopes, F., Mielniczuk, J., Oliveira, E.S. &amp; Tornquist, C.G. (2010) Evolução do uso do solo em uma área piloto da região de Vacaria, RS. <em>Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental</em> 14: 1038–1044. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662010001000003</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Luteyn, J.L. (1991 [1993]) The genus <em>Gaultheria</em> in Brazil. <em>Boletim Museu Goeldi, Sér. Bot.</em> 7 (2): 309–333.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Luteyn, J.L., Judd, W.S., Clemants, S.E., Diggs, G.M., Sørensen, P.D., Dorr, L.J., Wallace, G.D. &amp; Stevens, P.F. (1995) <em>Ericaceae part II. The superior-ovaried genera</em>. Flora Neotropica Monograph 66. The New York Bot. Garden, New York.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Luteyn, J.L. (2002) Diversity, Adaptation, and Endemism in Neotropical Ericaceae: Biogeographical Patterns in the Vaccinieae<em>. The Botanical Review</em> 68: 55–87. https://doi.org/10.1663/0006-8101(2002)068[0055:DAAEIN]2.0.CO;2 </span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Luteyn, J.L. &amp; Pedraza-Peñalosa, P. (2021) Ericaceae. <em>In:</em> Acevedo, P. (Ed.) <em>Guide to the genera of lianas and climbing plants in the Neotropics.</em> Available from: https://naturalhistory.si.edu/sites/default/files/media/file/ericaceae.pdf (accessed 26 June 2021)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marinero, F.E.C., Maranho, L.T. &amp; Hatschbach, G.G. (2007) O gênero <em>Gaultheria</em> L. (Ericaceae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. <em>Revista Brasileira de Biociências</em> 5: 615–617. https://doi.org/10.5380/abpr.v35i0.6879</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marques, M.C.M. (1975) <em>Ericáceas</em>. <em>In:</em> Reitz, P. (ed.) <em>Flora Catarinense.</em> Itajaí, SC. Herbário Barbosa Rodrigues, 63 pp., parte I.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martinelli, G. &amp; Moraes, M.A. (2013) <em>Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil</em>. 1. ed. - Rio de Janeiro: Andrea Jakobsson: Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, 1100 pp. [ISBN: 978 85 88742 58 1]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Martius, C.F.P, Eichler, A.G. &amp; Urban, I. (1863) <em>Flora Brasiliensis</em>, vol. 7, pp. 154–166, tab. 58–63. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.454</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mezabarba, V., Vianna-Filho, M.D.M., Borges, R.A.X. &amp; Mansano, V.F. (2013) Ericaceae do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, RJ, Brasil. <em>Hoehnea</em> 40: 115–130. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062013000100006</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Niedenzu, F.J. (1890) Über den Anatomischen Bau der Laubblätter der Arbutoideae und Vaccinioideae in Beziehug zu uhrer systematischen Gruppierung und geographischen Verbretung. <em>Botanishe Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte um Planzengeographie</em> 11: 134–268.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nees, G.C. (1821) Corresponds, beschluss der Nachrichten über die beiden brasilianischen Reisenden, die Herren Doctoren v. Spix und v. Martius. <em>Flora oder Botanische Zeitung </em>4 (19): 289–304.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Overbeck, G.E., Müller, S.C., Fidelis, A., Pfadenhauer, J., Pillar, V.D., Blanco, C.C., Boldrini, I.I., Both, R. &amp; Forneck, E.D. (2007) Brazil’s neglected biome: the South Brazilian Campos. <em>Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics</em> 9: 10–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2007.07.005</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Plá, C., Külkamp, J., Heiden, G., Lughadha, E.N. &amp; Iganci, J.R.V. (2020) The importance of the Brazilian Subtropical Highland Grasslands evidenced by a taxonomically verified endemic species list. <em>Phytotaxa</em>, 452 (4): 250–267. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.452.4.1</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pohl, J.B.E. (1828–1833) <em>Plantarum Brasiliae icones et descriptiones hactenus ineditae: iussu et auspiciis Francisci Primi, imperatoris et regis augustissimi </em>2: 1–116. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.451</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Radford, A.E., Dickison, W.C. &amp; Massey, J.R. (1974) <em>Vascular plant systematics</em>. Harper &amp; Row, New York, 891 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reflora- Herbário Virtual (2022) Herbário Virtual Reflora. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Available from: http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/herbarioVirtual/ (accessed 21 March 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Roland, R.L. &amp; Mondin, C.A. (2009) <em>Sinopse Preliminar da Família Ericaceae Juss. no Rio Grande do Sul</em>. X Salão de Iniciação Científica PUCRS. Faculdade de Biociências, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O. (2011) <em>Revisão taxonômica de </em>Gaylussacia<em> Kunth (Ericaceae) e estudos da filogenia do gênero.</em> Tese de Doutorado. Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, 494 pp.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O. &amp; Kinoshita, L.S. (2010) Novidades taxonômicas em Ericaceae para o Brasil uma nova espécie para <em>Gaylussacia</em> e uma combinação nova para <em>Gaultheria</em>. <em>Rodriguésia</em> 61 (Sup.): S51–S55. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201061132</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O. &amp; Souza, V.C. (2003) Flora fanerogâmica do Parque Nacional do Caparaó: Ericaceae. <em>Pabstia</em> 14: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201768505</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O. &amp; Souza, V.C. (2014) Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Ericaceae. <em>Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo</em> 32 (1): 43–70. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v36i0p25-95</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O., Wanderley, M.G.L. &amp; Yokoya, N. (2004) Flora de Grão-Mogol, Minas Gerais: Ericaceae<em>. Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo</em> 22: 97–100. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v22i2p97-100</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O., Cabral, A. &amp; Neto, L.M. (2017) Flora do Espírito Santo: Ericaceae. <em>Rodriguésia </em>68 (5): 1577–1593. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201768505</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Romão, G.O., Cabral, A., Dalastra, C.H., Santos, F.B.D. &amp; Kinoshita, L.S. (2022) Ericaceae in <em>Flora e Funga do Brasil</em>. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB109 (accessed 16 March 2022)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Schrader, H.A. (1821) Illustrationes super plantis quibusdam novis et minus cognitis, a Principe Serenissimo Maximiliano Neowidensi in Brasilia observatis. <em>Gottingische Gelehrte Anzeigen unter der Aufsicht der Konigl</em> 72: 705–720.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">SEMA (2014) Táxons da flora nativa do Estado Rio Grande do Sul ameaçadas de extinção. Available from: http://www.mcn.fzb.rs.gov.br/conteudo/4816/?Homologada_a_nova_Lista_da_Flora_Ga%C3%BAcha_Amea%C3%A7ada_de_Extin%C3%A7%C3%A3o (accessed 18 Febrary 2020)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Silva, R.R. &amp; Cervi, A.C. (2003) <em>Gaylussacia corvensis</em> R.R. Silva &amp; Cervi (Ericaceae) e Brasilia australi nova species inventa. <em>Sellowia</em> 53: 23–27.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sleumer, H. (1935) Ericaceae americanae novae vel minus cognitae II. <em>Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem</em> 12: 277–294. https://doi.org/10.2307/3994889</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sleumer, H. (1959) Studien über die Gattung <em>Leucothoe</em> D.Don. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 78: 435–480.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sprengel, C.K. (1819) <em>Novi Proventus Hortorum Academicorum et Berolinensis</em> Halesis et Berolinensis. Impensis Gebaueri et Filii, Halae. Available from: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97992g.image (accessed 9 July 2021)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sprengel, C.K. (1825) Caroli Linnaei, equite Polaris et aquilae rubrae. <em>In:</em> <em>Systema Vegetabilium</em>, 16 ed., v. 2. Curae posteriors. Sumtibus Librariae Dieterichianae, Gottingae, 939 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.822</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sprengel, C.K. (1827) Caroli Linnaei, equite Polaris et aquilae rubrae. <em>In:</em> <em>Systema Vegetabilium</em>, 16 ed., v. 4 (2): Curae posteriors. Sumtibus Librariae Dieterichianae, Gottingae, 410 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.822</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stafleu, F.A. &amp; Cowan, R.S. (1981) Taxonomic Literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (TL-2). <em>Smithsonian Libraries</em>, 2d ed., v. 3, authors Lh-O. Also available from: https://www.sil.si.edu/DigitalCollections/tl-2/index.cfm (accessed 8 July 2021)</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stevens, P.F. (2001) <em>Taxonomic studies in the Ericaceae</em>. Ph.D. thesis. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Thiers, B. (2022 [continuously updated]) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. [http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/]</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vellozo, J.A.C. (1825) <em>Florae fluminensis, seu, Descriptionum plantarum praefectura Fluminensi sponte mascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus</em>. pp. 175. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.745</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wallich, G.C. (1820) <em>Asiatic researches, or, Transactions of the Society instituted in Bengal for inquiring into the history and antiquities, the arts, sciences and literature of Asia</em> 13: 390–391.</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wawra, H. (1881) Neue Pflanzenarten gesammelt auf den Reisen des Prinzen von Sachsen-Coburg und beschrieben von. <em>Österreichische botanische Zeitschrift</em> 31: 280–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01665575</span></span></span></p>
<p align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wawra, H. (1883) <em>Itinera principum S. Coburgi</em> 1: 73.</span></span></span></p>