The taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe ×vadensis [K. blossfeldiana × K. marmorata var. somaliensis] (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), an early nothospecies produced in The Netherlands in the 1950s

GIDEON F. SMITH

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.8

Issue: Vol. 561 No. 2: 8 September 2022

Type: Article

Published: 2022-09-08

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.2.8

Page range: 199-209

Abstract views: 62

PDF downloaded: 1

The taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe ×vadensis [K. blossfeldiana × K. marmorata var. somaliensis] (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), an early nothospecies produced in The Netherlands in the 1950s

GIDEON F. SMITH⁺⁻

Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa

classification epitypification Eudicots

Requires Subscription or Fee PDF (3MB)

Abstract

The taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe ×vadensis (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) [hybrid formula: K. blossfeldiana × K. marmorata var. somaliensis], an artificially produced amphidiploid, are discussed and clarified. An amplified description is provided for the nothospecies. The name K. ×vadensis is epitypified.

References

Adanson, M. (1763 [July–August]) Familles des plantes. Contenant une Préface Historike fur l’état ancien & actuel de la Botanike, & une Téorie de cette Science. II. Partie. Chez Vincent, Imprimeur-Libraire de Mgr le Comte de Provence, rue S, Severin, Paris, 640 pp. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6958#page/794/mode/1up]
Baker, J.G. (1881 [21 February]) Notes on a collection of flowering plants made by L. Kitching, Esq., in Madagascar in 1879 (Plates VII. & VIII.). Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 18: 264–281. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/8373#page/271/mode/1up]
Baker, J.G. (1892 [10 September]) New or noteworthy plants. Kalanchoe marmorata, Baker, n. sp. The Gardeners’ Chronicle. [A weekly illustrated journal of Horticulture and Allied Subjects], 3rd ser., XII (No. 298) 300. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83803#page/316/mode/1up]
Baker, J.G. (1895) CCCCLXXV.—Diagnoses africanæ, VII. (continued from p. 153) [Kalanchoe somaliensis Baker on p. 214]. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information. Kew 1895: 211–230. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127378#page/215/mode/1up]
Baldwin, J.T. Jr. (1938 [October]) Kalanchoe: the genus and its chromosomes. American Journal of Botany 25: 572–579. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1938.tb09263.x
Berger, A. (1930 [Mai]) Crassulaceae. Unterfam. II. Kalanchoideae [sic, Kalanchooideae]. 6. Kalanchoe Adanson. 7. Kitchingia Baker. 8. Bryophyllum Salisb. In: A. Engler & K. Prantl (eds.) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. edn 2, 18a. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 378–386, 402–412.
Bijmoer, R., Scherrenberg, M. & Creuwels, J. (2021) Naturalis Biodiversity Center (NL) - Botany. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/ib5ypt accessed via GBIF.org on 2021-11-16. [https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2517740184]
Bloemen Bureau Holland. (1999/2000) Potplanten, pot plants, Topfpflanzen, plantes en pot, piante da vaso, planta en particular. 1999/2000. Bloemen Bureau Holland, Leiden, 150 pp.
Boom, B.K. & Zeilinga, A.E. (1964 [September]) Kalanchoe ×vadensis spec. nova. Succulenta [Netherlands] 43 (9): 122–124.
Britten, J. (1871) Order L. Crassulaceae. 4. Kalanchoe, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. 659. In: Oliver, D. (ed.) Flora of Tropical Africa (Leguminosae to Ficoideae) 2. L. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 390–398. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124#page/391/mode/1up]
Christensen, B., Sriskandarajah, S., Serek, M. & Müller, R. (2008) Transformation of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana with rol-genes is useful in molecular breeding towards compact growth. Plant Cell Reports 27: 1485–1495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0575-0
Flower Council of Holland. (2004) Plants from Holland naturally. 2005/2006. Potplanten, pot plants, Topfpflanzen, plantes en pot, piante da vaso, plantas de maceta. Flower Council of Holland, Leiden, 134 pp.
Friedmann, F. (1971) Sur de nouveaux nombres chromosomiques dans le genre Kalanchoë (Crassulacées) à Madagascar. Candollea 26: 103–107.
Heerlien, M., Van Leusen, J., Schnörr, S., De Jong-Kole, S., Raes, N. & Van Hulsen, K. (2015 [February]) The natural history production line: an industrial approach to the digitization of scientific collections. ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 8 (1): Article 3, 12 pp. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2644822
Hooker, J.D. (1901 [March]) Kalanchoe bentii. Native of Southern Arabia. Nat. Ord. Crassulaceæ. Curtis’s Botanical Magazine[, comprising the plants of the Royal Gardens of Kew, and of other botanical establishments in Great Britain; with suitable descriptions;] 3rd ser., LVII (or Vol. CXXVII of the whole work [No. 675 or No. 1369 of the entire work]): t. 7765. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14255#page/55/mode/1up]
IPNI. (2022) [continuously updated] The International Plant Names Index. Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ (accessed 2022).
Izumikawa, Y., Nakamura, I. & Mii, M. (2007) Interspecific hybridization between Kalanchoe blossfeldiana and several wild Kalanchoe species with ornamental value. Acta Horticulturae 743 (XXII International Eucarpia Symposium, Section Ornamentals, Breeding for Beauty - Part II): 59–65. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.743.7
Kingsbury, N. (2009) Hybrid. The history and science of plant breeding. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 493 pp.
Koorders, S.H. (1919 [Mai] [24 October 1918]) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Flora von Java No. 18. Beschreibung von Kalanchoë Schumacheri vom Idjen-Plateau und Revision der Crassulaceae von Java. (Mit 2 lithographischen Tafeln.). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg sér. 3, 1 (3): 169–180, Figures 14 and 15. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27173#page/205/mode/1up (text); https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27173#page/243/mode/1up (figures)]
Kroon, G.H. (1994) A note on the origin of Kalanchoë ×vadensis Boom & Zeilinga (Crassulaceae). Euphytica 76: 125. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00024029
Kroon, G.H., De Jong, J. & Van Raamsdonk, L.W.D. (1989) Evaluation of the genus Kalanchoe for breeding of new cutflowers and potplants. Acta Horticulturae (International Symposium on the Development of New Floricultural Crops) 252: 111–116. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.252.14
Kuang, Y., Lu, C.-H. & Hsu, F.-C. (2021) Restoring fertility for novel interspecific hybrids between Kalanchoe garambiensis and K. nyikae using colchicine treatment. Plants 10: a209, 16 pp. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020209
Kuligowska Mackenzie, K., Lütken, H., Lopes Coelho, L., Dibbern Kaaber, M., Nymark Hegelund, J. & Müller, R. (2018) Chapter 19. Kalanchoë. In: J. van Huylenbroeck (ed.) Handbook of Plant Breeding. Vol. 11. Ornamental crops. [Editors-in-Chief, I. Rajcan & J. Vollman.] Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 453–479.
Orton, T.J. (2019) Horticultural plant breeding. Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London, San Diego, Cambridge (U.S.A.), and Oxford, 400 pp.
Perrier de la Bâthie, [J.M.]H.[A.] (1928 [Février]) Observations nouvelles sur le genre Kalanchoe. Archives de Botanique II, Bulletin Mensuel. Caen 2 (2): 17–31.
Raadts, E. (1983) Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 1. Kalanchoë marmorata Baker und 2 neue Kalanchoë-Arten aus Ostafrika. Willdenowia 13 (2): 373–385. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3995856]
Raadts, E. (1989 [September]) Cytotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) 3. Chromosomenzahlen ostafrikanischer Kalanchoë-Sippen. Willdenowia 19 (1): 169–174. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3996938]
Raymond-Hamet. (1933) Observations sur le Kalanchoe uniflora (Stapf) Raymond-Hamet. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 80 (4): 542–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1933.10833878
Richard, A. (1847) Tentamen Floræ Abyssinicæ seu Enumeratio Plantarum hucusque in plerisque Abyssiniæ provinciis detectarum et præcipue a beatis doctoribus Richard Quartin Dillon et Antonio Petit (annis 1838–1843) lectarum. Vol. 1. Apud Arthus Bertrand, Editorem, Parisiis, 472 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.334
Rowley, G.D. (2017) Succulents in cultivation—breeding new cultivars. The British Cactus & Succulent Society, Hornchurch, Essex, 248 pp.
Salisbury, R.A. (1805 [1 June 1805]) The Paradisus Londinensis: or coloured figures of plants cultivated in the vicinity of the metropolis 1. Published by William Hooker, No. 6, Frith Street, city not stated, presumably London, 157 pp. & 117 plates. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53520
Sharma, A.K. & Ghosh, S. (1967) Cytotaxonomy of Crassulaceae. Biologisches Zentralblatt 86 (supplement): 313–336.
Smith, G.F. (2020a) Plant smart. The big easy. Gardening with Kalanchoe. Veld & Flora 106 (3): 40–43.
Smith, G.F. (2020b) Character inheritance in Kalanchoe ‘Vivien’ Bischofberger (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a cultivar derived from an interspecific hybrid between two southern African species (K. luciae Raym.-Hamet × K. sexangularis N.E.Br.). Bradleya 38: 3–13. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n38.2020.a1
Smith, G.F. (2020c) Kalanchoe ×estrelae (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): a new nothospecies for the hybrid between K. luciae and K. sexangularis. Phytotaxa 441 (2): 225–228. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.11
Smith, G.F. (2020d). Zwei Neuzugänge im Kalanchoe-Gartenbau: K. ×estrelae and K. ×gunniae. / Two recent additions to Kalanchoe horticulture: K. ×estrelae and K. ×gunniae. Avonia 38 (4): 322–327.
Smith, G.F. (2020e) Kalanchoe Adans. subg. Fernandesiae Gideon F.Sm. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new subgenus from southern and south-tropical Africa. Haseltonia 27: 2–7. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.027.0101
Smith, G.F. (2021a) Kalanchoe ×leistneri (K. sexangularis × K. winteri) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new southern African nothospecies. Phytotaxa 509 (2): 248–254. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.8
Smith, G.F. (2021b) Reinstatement of Kalanchoe [subg. Bryophyllum] sect. Alatae (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) for K. porphyrocalyx and K. uniflora, two Madagascan endemics. Bradleya 39: 177–181. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n39.2021.a17
Smith, G.F. (2021c) How Kalanchoe marmorata (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a distinctive central and east African species, received its name, and the later, valid publication of K. macrantha by Maire. Phytotaxa 502 (1): 93–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.502.1.7
Smith, G.F. (2022a) Notes on Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) and the kalanchoes of Sijfert H. Koorders (1919). Phytotaxa 549 (1): 87–96. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.7
Smith, G.F. (2022b) Kalanchoe sect. Raveta (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) of Raymond-Hamet (1916): a long-overlooked name in K. subg. Kalanchoe. Phytotaxa 550 (2): 208–212. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.550.2.10
Smith, G.F. (2022c) The taxonomy of Kalanchoe marmorata Baker (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a distinctive African species, revisited. Phytotaxa 538 (2): 100–112. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.538.2.2
Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2018) The infrageneric classification and nomenclature of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae), with special reference to the southern African species. Bradleya 36: 162–172. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a10
Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2020) Kalanchoe ×gildenhuysii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new nothospecies derived from K. millotii and K. tomentosa. Phytotaxa 442 (1): 43–46. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.442.1.8
Smith, G.F. & Figueiredo, E. (2022) Nomenclatural notes on the economically important Flaming Katy, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae). Phytotaxa 549 (1): 104–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.9
Smith, G.F., Figueiredo, E. & Van Wyk, A.E. (2019) Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) in southern Africa. Classification, biology, and cultivation. Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London, San Diego, Cambridge (U.S.A.), and Oxford, 328 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-00602-X
Smith, G.F. & Hankey, A. (2021) Kalanchoe ×forbesiae (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) derived from K. lubangensis × K. sexangularis: towards improved horticultural material. Phytotaxa 528 (5): 290–300. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.528.5.3
Smith, G.F., Klein, D.-P. & Shtein, R. (2021b) A revision of the Malagasy Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): history, taxonomy, and nomenclature. Phytotaxa 507 (1): 67–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.1.3
Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022a) The nomenclature and taxonomy of Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae resolved. Phytotaxa 555 (3): 241–251. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.3
Smith, G.F. & Monro, A.M. (2022b) (2908) Proposal to reject the name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae (Crassulaceae). Taxon 71 (4): 910–911. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12778
Smith, G.F. & Shtein, R. (2021) A review of horticulturally desirable characters in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae): variable and deviating vegetative and reproductive morphologies useful in breeding programmes. Haseltonia 28: 106–119. https://doi.org/10.2985/026.028.0110
Smith, G.F., Shtein, R. & Klein, D.-P. (2021a) Kalanchoe subg. Alatae (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a new rank for K. sect. Alatae. Phytotaxa 509 (2): 255–258. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.509.2.9
Stapf, O. (1897 [August and September]) 493. Kalanchoe flammea, Stapf. [Crassulaceae]. In: Anonymous, DLXXV.—Diagnoses africanæ, X. [Species 418–599]. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 1897 (128–129): 243–300. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/127162#page/272/mode/1up]
Thiers, B. (2022) [continuously updated] Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 2022).
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. [Regnum Vegetabile 159], 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Van Nieuwerburgh, M., Boterdaele, D., Coppens, A., De Meyer, H., De Meyer, J., Imschoot, A., Trivier, L. & Van Hulle, M. (eds.) (No date [ca. 1990]) De Belgische sierteelt / L’horticulture Belge / Belgian horticulture / Der Belgische Zierpflanzenbau. Printing office of Het Volk N.V., Ghent, Belgium, 416 pp.
Van Voorst, A. & Arends, J.C. (1982) The origin and chromosome numbers of cultivars of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Von Poelln.: their history and evolution. Euphytica 31 (3): 573–584.
Veldkamp, J.F. (1980) The Rijksherbarium at 150 years. Taxon 29 (1): 101–104. https://doi.org/10.2307/1219603
Von Poellnitz, [J.]K.[L.A.]. (1934) XV. Kalanchoe Blossfeldiana. Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Centralblatt für Sammlung und Veröffentlichung von Einzeldiagnosen neuer Pflanzen 35: 159–160. [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=6015]
Watson, W. [as “W.W.”] (1902 [24 May]) New and interesting plants. Kalanchoe kewensis. Ornithogalum kewense. Cymbidium rhodochilum. Pitcairnea cœrulea. The Garden (London, 1871–1927) 61 (No. 1529): 338–339. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/79275#page/356/mode/1up]
Wight, R. & Walker-Arnot, G.A. (1834) Prodromus floræ peninsulæ indiæ orientalis : containing abridged descriptions of the plants found in the Peninsula of British India, arranged according to the natural system. Vol. I. Parbury, Allen, & Co., London. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3608847#page/398/mode/1up]