Abstract
Polystichum gonggashanense (Dryopteridaceae: sect. Hypopeltis) is described and illustrated from Mt. Gongga (Minyar Gonkar), Sichuan, China. It can be distinguished from its most similar species, P. sinense, by the blackish brown petiole scales, the oblong-lanceolate lamina, and narrowly lanceolate rachis scales. The new species is found in four populations each with a few individuals and one of the populations has already disappeared. It is classified as CR (Critically Endangered) category based on the IUCN criteria.
References
<p>Baroni, E. & Christ, H. (1901) Filices plantaeque filicibus affines in Shan-si septentrionali, provinceae Imperii Sinensis, a Rev. Patre Josepho Giraldi collectae. <em>Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano</em>, n. ser. 10: 288–292.</p>
<p>Brackenridge, W.D. (1854) Botany. Cryptogamia. Filices, including Lycopodiaceae and Hydropterides.<em> In: </em>Wilkes, C. (Ed.) <em>United States Exploring Expedition. During the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N.</em>, vol. 16. pp. 1–357.</p>
<p>Christ, H. (1905) Les collections de fougères de la Chine au Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. <em>Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France </em>52 (Memoires 1): 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1905.10829209</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019)<em> Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (Accessed 28 December 2021).</p>
<p>Le Péchon, T., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016a) Using a multilocus phylogeny to test morphology-based classifications of one of the largest fern genera <em>Polystichum</em> (Dryopteridaceae). <em>BMC Evolutionary Biology</em> 16: 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0626-z</p>
<p>Le Péchon, T., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., He, H., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016b) A well-sampled phylogenetic analysis of the polystichoid ferns (Dryopteridaceae) suggests a complex biogeographical history involving both boreotropical migrations and recent transoceanic dispersals. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 98: 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.018</p>
<p>Liu, H.-M., Zhang, X.-C., Chen, Z.-D. & Qiu, Y.-L. (2007) Inclusion of the Eastern Asia endemic genus <em>Sorolepidium</em> in <em>Polystichum</em> (Dryopteridaceae): Evidence from the chloroplast <em>rbcL</em> gene and morphological characteristics. <em>Chinese Science Bulletin</em> 52: 631–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0115-2</p>
<p>Michaux, A. (1803) <em>Flora Boreali-Abericana</em>, sistens carcteres plantarum quas in America septentrionali collegit et detexit Andreas Michaux, vol. 2. Frs. Levrault, Paris & Strasbourg [Parisiis et Argentorati], 340 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.330</p>
<p>Moore, T. (1857–1862) <em>Index Filicum</em>. W. Pamplin, London, 396 pp.</p>
<p>Roth, A.W. (1800) <em>Tentamen Florae Germanicae</em>, vol. 3. Gleditsch, Leipzig ( Lipsiae), 578 pp.</p>
<p>Wu, C.-Y. (1983) <em>Flora Xizangica</em>, vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing, 791 pp.</p>
<p>Yang, C.-Y. (1992) <em>Flora Xinjiangensis</em>, vol. 1. Xinjiang Science & Technology & Hygiene Publishing House, Urumuqi, 337 pp.</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. (2012) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the fern genus <em>Polystichum</em> (Dryopteridaceae) from China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 60: 57–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.60.1.8</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. & Barrington, D.S. (2013) <em>Polystichum </em>Roth. <em>In: </em>Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vols. 2–3. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Presss, St. Louis, pp. 629–713.</p>
<p>Brackenridge, W.D. (1854) Botany. Cryptogamia. Filices, including Lycopodiaceae and Hydropterides.<em> In: </em>Wilkes, C. (Ed.) <em>United States Exploring Expedition. During the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N.</em>, vol. 16. pp. 1–357.</p>
<p>Christ, H. (1905) Les collections de fougères de la Chine au Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. <em>Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France </em>52 (Memoires 1): 1–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00378941.1905.10829209</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019)<em> Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (Accessed 28 December 2021).</p>
<p>Le Péchon, T., He, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016a) Using a multilocus phylogeny to test morphology-based classifications of one of the largest fern genera <em>Polystichum</em> (Dryopteridaceae). <em>BMC Evolutionary Biology</em> 16: 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0626-z</p>
<p>Le Péchon, T., Zhang, L., Zhou, X.-M., He, H., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2016b) A well-sampled phylogenetic analysis of the polystichoid ferns (Dryopteridaceae) suggests a complex biogeographical history involving both boreotropical migrations and recent transoceanic dispersals. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 98: 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.018</p>
<p>Liu, H.-M., Zhang, X.-C., Chen, Z.-D. & Qiu, Y.-L. (2007) Inclusion of the Eastern Asia endemic genus <em>Sorolepidium</em> in <em>Polystichum</em> (Dryopteridaceae): Evidence from the chloroplast <em>rbcL</em> gene and morphological characteristics. <em>Chinese Science Bulletin</em> 52: 631–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-007-0115-2</p>
<p>Michaux, A. (1803) <em>Flora Boreali-Abericana</em>, sistens carcteres plantarum quas in America septentrionali collegit et detexit Andreas Michaux, vol. 2. Frs. Levrault, Paris & Strasbourg [Parisiis et Argentorati], 340 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.330</p>
<p>Moore, T. (1857–1862) <em>Index Filicum</em>. W. Pamplin, London, 396 pp.</p>
<p>Roth, A.W. (1800) <em>Tentamen Florae Germanicae</em>, vol. 3. Gleditsch, Leipzig ( Lipsiae), 578 pp.</p>
<p>Wu, C.-Y. (1983) <em>Flora Xizangica</em>, vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing, 791 pp.</p>
<p>Yang, C.-Y. (1992) <em>Flora Xinjiangensis</em>, vol. 1. Xinjiang Science & Technology & Hygiene Publishing House, Urumuqi, 337 pp.</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. (2012) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on the fern genus <em>Polystichum</em> (Dryopteridaceae) from China. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 60: 57–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.60.1.8</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B. & Barrington, D.S. (2013) <em>Polystichum </em>Roth. <em>In: </em>Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vols. 2–3. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Presss, St. Louis, pp. 629–713.</p>