Abstract
In this study, Pseudolagarobasidium pallens sp. nov. is proposed based on morphological and phylogenetic studies. Specimens were collected in Brazil and used for DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer and the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene. The basidiomes of P. pallens are characterized by a pale cream coloration when fresh, hydnoid hymenophore with long teeth and thin whitish context. Microscopically, it differs from other related species by the larger basidiospores (4.6–)4.9–6.4(–6.8) × 3.2–4.5 µm. Phylogenetically, it is closely related to P. belizense. We also provide sequences of the Brazilian species Cerrena cystidiata for the first time and confirm that is closely related to the generic type C. unicolor. A taxonomic key to all species currently accepted in Pseudolagarobasidium and a brief discussion on the family Cerrenaceae as well as a comparison table of all its genera are also presented.
References
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Tomšovský, M. (2012) Delimitation of an almost forgotten species Spongipellis litschaueri (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) and its taxonomic position within the genus. Mycological Progress 11 (2): 415–424.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-011-0756-z
Westphalen, M.C., Tomšovský, M., Gugliotta, A.M. & Rajchenberg, M. (2019) An overview of Antrodiella and related genera of Polyporales from the Neotropics. Mycologia 111 (5): 813–831.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2019.1633895
Wood, A.R. & Ginns, J. (2006) A new dieback disease of Acacia cyclops in South Africa caused by Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola sp. nov. Canadian Journal of Botany 84: 750–758.
https://doi.org/10.1139/b06-032
Wu, S.H. (1990) The Corticiaceae (Basidiomycetes) subfamilies Phlebioideae, Phanerochaetoideae and Hyphodermoideae in Taiwan. Acta Botanica Fennica 142: 1–123.
Yuan, H.S. (2013) Molecular phylogenetic evaluation of Antrodiella and morphologically allied genera in China. Mycological Progress 13 (2): 353–364.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0921-7
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1873.tb00301.x
Binder, M., Justo, A., Riley, R., Salamov, A., Lopez-Giraldez, F., Sjökvist, E., Copeland, A., Foster, B., Sun, H., Larsson, E., Larsson, K.H., Townsend, J., Grigoriev, I.V. & Hibbett, D.S. (2013) Phylogenetic and phylogenomic overview of the Polyporales. Mycologia 105: 1350–1373.
https://doi.org/10.3852/13-003
Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R. & Posada, D. (2012) jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nature Methods 9: 772–772.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109
Doyle, J.J. (1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem Bulletin 19: 11–15.
Dupérré, N. (2020) Old and new challenges in taxonomy: what are taxonomists up against? Megataxa 1 (1): 59–62.
https://doi.org/10.11646/megataxa.1.1.12
Fries, E.M. (1836) Corpus Florarum provincialium suecicae I. Floram Scanicam: 1–349.
https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.47083
Gray, S.F. (1821) A natural arrangement of British plants 1: 1–824.
Hall, T.A. (1999) Bioedit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41: 95–98.
Hallenberg, N., Ryberg, M., Nilsson, R.H., Wood, A.R. & Wu, S.H. (2008) Pseudolagarobasidium (Basidiomycota): on the reinstatement of a genus of parasitic, saprophytic, and endophytic resupinate fungi. Botany 86: 1319–1325.
https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-088
Han, M.L., Bian, L.S., Zhang, Y.X., Zhu, M.C. & An, Q. (2021) Pseudolagarobasidium baiyunshanense sp. nov. from China inferred from morphological and sequence analyses. Phytotaxa 483 (2): 169–176.
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.483.2.9
Jang, J.C. & Chen, T. (1985) Pseudolagarobasidium leguminicola gen. et sp. nov. on Leucaena in Taiwan. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 85 (2): 374–377.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(85)80209-6
Justo, A., Miettinen, O., Floudas, D., Ortiz-Santana, B., Sjökvist, E., Lindner, D., Nakasone, K., Niemelä, T., Larsson, K.H., Ryvarden, L. & Hibbett, D.S. (2017) A revised family-level classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota). Fungal Biology 121: 798–824.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.010
Katoh, K. & Standley, D.M. (2013) MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30 (4): 772–780.
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010
Lohwag, H. (1931) Mykologische Studien VI. Spongipellis litschaueri (= Polyporus schulzeri Fr. sensu Bresadola). Arch Protistenk 75: 297–314.
Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2011) The CIPRES Science Gateway: a community resource for phylogenetic analyses. Proceedings of the 2011 TeraGrid Conference: Extreme Digital Discovery. Article 41. ACM Digital Library, New York, pp. 1–8.
https://doi.org/10.1145/2016741.2016785
Murrill, W.A. (1903) A historical review of the genera of the Polyporaceae. Journal of Mycology 9 (2): 87–102.
https://doi.org/10.2307/3752511
Murrill, W.A. (1905) The Polyporaceae of North America: XII. A synopsis of the white and bright-colored pileate species. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 32 (9): 469–493.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2478463
Murrill, W.A. (1907) Polyporaceae, Part 1. North American Flora 9 (1): 1–72.
Nakasone, K.K. & Lindner, D.L. (2012) Taxonomy of Pseudolagarobasidium (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). Fungal Diversity 55 (1): 155–169.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0161-1
Nakasone, K.K. (2015) Taxonomic studies in Chrysoderma, Corneromyces, Dendrophysellum, Hyphoradulum, and Mycobonia. Mycotaxon 130: 369–397.
https://doi.org/10.5248/130.369
Nikolcheva, L.G. & Bärlocher, F. (2004) Taxon-specific primers reveal unexpectedly high diversity during leaf decomposition in a stream. Mycological Progress 3: 41–49.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-006-0075-y
Oghenekaro, A.O., Miettinen, O., Omorusi, V.I., Evueh, G.A., Farid, M.A., Gazis, R. & Asiegbu, F.O. (2014) Molecular phylogeny of Rigidoporus microporus isolates associated with white rot disease of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis). Fungal Biology 118 (5): 495–506.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2014.04.001
Patouillard, N. (1887) Les Hyménomycètes d’Europe: 1–166.
Rajchenberg, M. (2011) Nuclear behavior of the mycelium and the phylogeny of Polypores (Basidiomycota). Mycologia 103 (4): 677–702.
https://doi.org/10.3852/10-310
Rajchenberg, M. & de Meijer, A.A.R. (1990) New and noteworthy polypores from Paraná and São Paulo States, Brazil. Mycotaxon 38: 173–185.
Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Largent, B.L., Suchard, M.A. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61: 539–542.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
Ryvarden, L. (1972) Radulodon, a new genus in the Corticiaceae (Basidiomycetes). Canadian Journal of Botany 50 (10): 2073–2076.
https://doi.org/10.1139/b72-266
Seifert, K.A. & Rossman, A.Y. (2010) How to describe a new fungal species. IMA Fungus 1 (2): 109–116.
https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2010.01.02.02
Stalpers, J.A. (1998) On the genera Sarcodontia, Radulodon and Pseudolagarobasidium. Folia Cryptog Estonica 33: 133–138.
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML Version 8: A tool for Phylogenetic Analysis and Post-Analysis of Large Phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313.
https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 30 June 2021)
Tomšovský, M. (2012) Delimitation of an almost forgotten species Spongipellis litschaueri (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) and its taxonomic position within the genus. Mycological Progress 11 (2): 415–424.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-011-0756-z
Westphalen, M.C., Tomšovský, M., Gugliotta, A.M. & Rajchenberg, M. (2019) An overview of Antrodiella and related genera of Polyporales from the Neotropics. Mycologia 111 (5): 813–831.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2019.1633895
Wood, A.R. & Ginns, J. (2006) A new dieback disease of Acacia cyclops in South Africa caused by Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola sp. nov. Canadian Journal of Botany 84: 750–758.
https://doi.org/10.1139/b06-032
Wu, S.H. (1990) The Corticiaceae (Basidiomycetes) subfamilies Phlebioideae, Phanerochaetoideae and Hyphodermoideae in Taiwan. Acta Botanica Fennica 142: 1–123.
Yuan, H.S. (2013) Molecular phylogenetic evaluation of Antrodiella and morphologically allied genera in China. Mycological Progress 13 (2): 353–364.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0921-7