Abstract
Loxogramme yigongensis, so far known only from the type specimens collected in 1965 and treated as a synonym of L. grammitoides, is reinstated. Morphologically, these two species are closely related but L. yigongensis differs in having succulent lamina, becoming rugose when dry, lamina lanceolate with acute apex, widest near middle of lamina, and costa not or slightly raised on lower surface. Molecular analyses based on five plastid loci resolved these two species as sister to each other with distinct divergence. In addition, the ploidy level of the two species are reported for the first time.
References
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<p>Zhang, L.-B., Comes, H.P. & Kadereit, J.W. (2001) Phylogeny and quaternary history of the European montane/alpine endemic <em>Soldanella </em>(Primulaceae) based on <em>ITS </em>and <em>AFLP </em>variation. <em>American Journal of Botany </em>88: 2331–2345. https://doi.org/10.2307/3558393</p>
<p>Zhang, X.-C. & Gilbert, G. M. (2013) <em>Loxogramme</em>.<em> In: </em>Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H., Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.) Flora of China. Vols. 2–3: Lycopodiaceae through Polypodiaceae. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis, pp. 761–764.</p>
<p>Zhou, X.-L., Yan, Y.-H., Zhao, G.-H. & Liu, H.-M. (2016) Spore morphology of <em>Loxogramme </em>(Blume) C.Presl and Its taxonomic significance. <em>Plant Science Journal </em>34: 669–679.</p>
<p>Blume, C. (1828) <em>Enumeratio plantarum Javae et insularum adjacentium</em>, vol. 2. J.W. van Leeuwen, Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden].</p>
<p>Chang, Y.-L. (1963) Studies in the spore morphology of <em>Loxogramme </em>Presl. <em>Journal of Integrative Plant Biology </em>11: 27–37.</p>
<p>Ching, R.-C. (1929) Some new species of ferns from Kwangsi, China. <em>Sinensia </em>1: 1–14.</p>
<p>Christensen, C. (1917) <em>Index Filicum, supplement préliminaire pour les annés 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916</em>. H. Hagerup, Hafniae [Copenhagen].</p>
<p>Christensen, C. (1934) <em>Index Filicum–Supplementum tertium (1917–1933)</em>. H. Hagerup, Hafniae [Copenhagen].</p>
<p>Fraser-Jenkins, C., Gandhi, K., Kholia, B. & Kandel, D. (2021) <em>An annotated checklist of Indian pteridophytes Part-3 (Lomariopsidaceae to Salviniaceae). </em>Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.</p>
<p>Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acids Symposium Series </em>41: 95–98.</p>
<p>Hassler, M (2022) World Ferns. Synonymic checklist and distribution of ferns and lycophytes of the World. Version 12.11. Available from: www.worldplants.de/ferns/ (accessed 22 April 2022)</p>
<p>IUCN. (2021) <em>The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</em>, version 2021-3. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge U.K. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/categories-and-criteria (accessed 25 March 2022)</p>
<p>Kato, M., Nakato, N., Cheng, X. & Iwatsuki, K. (1992) Cytotaxonomic study of ferns of Yunnan, southwestern China. <em>Journal of Plant Research </em>105: 105–124.</p>
<p>Katoh, K. & Standley, D.M. (2013) MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution </em>30: 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010</p>
<p>Kreier, H. & Schneider, H. (2006) Reinstatement of <em>Loxogramme</em> <em>dictyopteris</em> for a New Zealand endemic fern known as <em>Anarthropteris lanceolata</em> based on phylogenetic evidence. <em>Australian Systematic Botany </em>19: 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB05033</p>
<p>Liang, Z.-L., Zhang, L., Gao, X.-F. & Zhang, L.-B. (2021) Chromosome study of 38 fern species in Dryopteridaceae, Hypodematiaceae, Polypodiaceae, and Pteridaceae from China. <em>Indian Fern Journal</em> 38: 198–218.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum</em>, vol. 2. Imprensis Laurentiii Salvii, Stockholm.</p>
<p>Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees.<em> In: Proceedings of the Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), 14 November 2010. </em>New Orleans, LA, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129</p>
<p>Park, S.H., Kim, J.S. & Kim, H.T. (2020) Study of the independent gametophytes found on Jeju Island in South Korea and the first record of the obligate independent gametophyte of <em>Antrophyum obovatum</em> Baker. <em>Ecology and</em> <em>Evolution</em> 10: 7826–7838. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6510</p>
<p>PPG I. (2016) A community – derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution </em>54: 563–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12229</p>
<p>Presl, C.B. (1836) <em>Tentamen Pteridographiae</em>. T. Haase, Prague.</p>
<p>Rambaut, A. & Drummond, A.J. (2007) Tracer 1.4. Available from: http:// beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer (accessed 18 July 2022)</p>
<p>Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 19: 1572–1574.</p>
<p>Rosenstock, E. (1917) Filices palaeotropicae novae herbarii Lugduno-Batavi. <em>Mededeelingen van’s Rijks Herbarium, Leiden </em>31: 1–8.</p>
<p>Smith, J. (1846) An enumeration of ferns cultivated in the royal gardens at Kew, in December 1845: with characters and observations on some of the genera and species. <em>Curtis’s Botanical Magazine </em>72: 7–39.</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. & Rougemont, J. (2008) A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML Web servers. <em>Systematic Biology </em>57: 758–771. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802429642</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2020) <em>Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. </em>New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium.</p>
<p>Wu, Z.-Y. (1983) <em>Flora Xizangica </em>vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing.</p>
<p>Zhang, L.-B., Comes, H.P. & Kadereit, J.W. (2001) Phylogeny and quaternary history of the European montane/alpine endemic <em>Soldanella </em>(Primulaceae) based on <em>ITS </em>and <em>AFLP </em>variation. <em>American Journal of Botany </em>88: 2331–2345. https://doi.org/10.2307/3558393</p>
<p>Zhang, X.-C. & Gilbert, G. M. (2013) <em>Loxogramme</em>.<em> In: </em>Wu, Z.-Y., Raven, P.H., Hong, D.-Y. (Eds.) Flora of China. Vols. 2–3: Lycopodiaceae through Polypodiaceae. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis, pp. 761–764.</p>
<p>Zhou, X.-L., Yan, Y.-H., Zhao, G.-H. & Liu, H.-M. (2016) Spore morphology of <em>Loxogramme </em>(Blume) C.Presl and Its taxonomic significance. <em>Plant Science Journal </em>34: 669–679.</p>