Abstract
Verbascum salicifolium is described and illustrated as a species new to science based on morphological and molecular evidence. Analysis of chloroplast genome markers indicated the inclusion of the new species within a group of morphologically dissimilar taxa, whereas the closest morphologically related species is sister to that group. Additionally, the chromosome number (2n = 36) and karyotype microphotograph of the new species are provided. The known distribution of V. salicifolium is confined to the eastern shores of Doiran Lake, where a single, threatened population exists. Thus, the appropriate conservation status for the species is recommended according to IUCN criteria.
References
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<p>Östergren, G. & Heneen, W.K. (1962) A squash technique for chromosome morphological studies. <em>Hereditas</em> 48: 332–341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1962.tb01817.x</p>
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<p>WCVP (2022) World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 2.0. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://wcvp.science.kew.org/ (Retrieved 15 February 2022)</p>
<p>Bertoloni, A. (1810) <em>Rariorum Italiae plantarum. Tomus III</em>. Raynerii Prosperi, Pisa, 125 pp.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1856) <em>Diagnoses plantarum Orientalium novarum. Series secunda, No 3</em>. B. Herrmann, Leipzig, 177 pp.</p>
<p>Bornmüller, J. (1922) Neues und Bemerkenswertes über <em>Verbascum</em>-Arten Mazedoniens. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis</em> 18: 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.4870183205</p>
<p>Bornmüller, J. (1930) Ueber einige neue <em>Verbascum</em>-Arten, Sektion <em>Lychnitis</em>, der Flora Anatoliens. <em>Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis</em> 29–32: 354–365. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.4870272905</p>
<p>Darlington, C.D. & La Cour, L. (1969) <em>The handling of chromosomes</em>. George Allen and Unwin, London, 272 pp.</p>
<p>Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, Th., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013) <em>Vascular plants of Greece: an annotated checklist</em>. Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin, & Hellenic Botanical Society, Athens, 372 pp.</p>
<p>Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. <em>Nucleic Acids Research </em>32: 1792–1797. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340</p>
<p>Felsenstein, J. (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. <em>Evolution</em> 39: 783–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x</p>
<p>Ferguson, I.K. (1971) Notes on the genus <em>Verbascum</em> (Scrophulariaceae). <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 64: 229–233.</p>
<p>Fischer, E. (2004) Scrophulariaceae. <em>In</em>: Kubitzki, K. & Kadereit, J. (Eds.) <em>The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume VII</em>. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 333–432. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18617-2_21</p>
<p>Franchet, M.A. (1874) Études sur les <em>Verbascum</em> de la France et de l’ Europe centrale. <em>Bulletin de la Société Archéologique, Scientifique et Littéraire du Vendômois</em> 13: 158–180.</p>
<p>Godron, D.A. (1853) <em>Florula junenalis</em>. Boehm, Montpellier, 48 pp.</p>
<p>Halácsy, E. von (1890) Beiträge sur Flora der Balkanhalbinsel. <em>Oesterreichische botanische Zeitschrift</em> 40: 404–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01790295</p>
<p>Healey, A., Furtado, A., Cooper, T. & Henry, R.J. (2014) Protocol: A simple method for extracting next-generation sequencing quality genomic DNA from recalcitrant plant species. <em>Plant Methods</em> 10: 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4811-10-21</p>
<p>Huber-Morath, A. (1978) <em>Verbascum L.</em> <em>In</em>: Davis, P. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol 6. </em>Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 461–603.</p>
<p>IUCN (2021) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org (Accessed 5 December 2021)</p>
<p>Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution </em>35: 1547–1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096</p>
<p>Lamarck, J.P. (1797) <em>Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique. Vol. 4.</em> Henri Agasse, Paris, 764 pp.</p>
<p>Levan, A., Fredga, K. & Sandberg, A.A. (1964) Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. <em>Hereditas</em> 52: 201–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1964.tb01953.x</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753a) <em>Species plantarum</em>. Salvius, Stockholm, 560 pp.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753b) <em>Species plantarum. Tomus II.</em> Salvius, Stockholm, 639 pp.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1759)<em> Systema naturae. Tomus II.</em> Salvius, Stockholm, 555 pp.</p>
<p>Liveri, E. (2021) <em>Phylogeny and biogeography of Campanula L. section Quinqueloculares (Boiss.) Phitos (Campanuloideae, Campanulaceae).</em> University of Patras, Patras, 246 pp.</p>
<p>Murbeck, S. (1933) <em>Monographie der Gattung Verbascum</em>. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 630 pp.</p>
<p>Murbeck, S. (1939) <em>Weitere Studien über die Gattungen Verbascum und Celsia</em>. C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 70 pp.</p>
<p>Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2000) <em>Molecular evolution and phylogenetics</em>. Oxford University Press, New York, 348 pp.</p>
<p>Östergren, G. & Heneen, W.K. (1962) A squash technique for chromosome morphological studies. <em>Hereditas</em> 48: 332–341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1962.tb01817.x</p>
<p>Rice, A., Glick, L., Abadi, S., Einhorn, M., Kopelman, N.M., Salman-Minkov, A., Mayzel, J., Chay, O. & Mayrose, I. (2015) The Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB) – a community resource of plant chromosome numbers. <em>New Phytologist</em> 206: 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13191</p>
<p>Stebbins, G.L. (1971) <em>Chromosomal evolution in higher plants</em>. Edward Arnold, London, 216 pp.</p>
<p>Tenore, M. (1826) <em>Ad florae neopolitanae prodromum. Appendix VI</em>. R. Marotta et Vanspandoch, Naples, 34 pp.</p>
<p>WCVP (2022) World Checklist of Vascular Plants, version 2.0. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://wcvp.science.kew.org/ (Retrieved 15 February 2022)</p>