Abstract
Taraxacum sect. Arctica (Asteraceae, Crepidinae) is a circumpolar and alpidic group, relatively satisfactorily explored and studied. It is comprised of more than 55 species, five of them having sexual reproduction (mostly confined to NE Russia and the Aleutians), the majority with agamospermous reproduction. We examined representative material, including types, of almost all taxa formally recognized in the literature, compiled a synoptic survey of T. sect. Arctica in Russia (46 taxa) and a nomenclatural checklist (55 names), and evaluated new collections from Kamchatka. A new species was revealed in the material from northern Kamchatka, distinct in blackish purple to black-violet achenes with sparse and short spinulosity and a very gradual body/cone transition, a short cone, the absence of pollen, and tubular florets. It is newly described as T. atropurpureum.
References
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Dahlstedt, H. (1926) Taraxaca from Kamtchatka chiefly collected by Mr. E. Hultén in the years 1920–1922. Arkiv för Botanik 20A (1): 1–15.
Elven, R. (ed.) (2007–2022) Annotated Checklist of the Panarctic Flora (PAF). Vascular plants. University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Available from: http://panarcticflora.org/ (accessed 15 December 2021)
Gürdal, B., Št?pánek, J., Zeisek, V., Kirschner, J. & Özhatay, N. (2018) What is and what is not Taraxacum bithynicum (Compositae, Crepidinae). Phytotaxa 373 (3): 197–210. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.3.3
Haglund, G.E. (1957) Two new Taraxaca from Novaya Zemlya. Nytt Magasin för Botanikk 5: 7–11.
Hämet-Ahti, L. (1970) A. K. Cajander’s vascular plant collection from the Lena River, Siberia, with his ecological and floristic notes. Annales Botanici Fennici 7: 255–324.
Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1907) Monographie der Gattung Taraxacum. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig & Wien, x + 175 pp. + 7 plates. [https:// bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/10236]
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Kharkevich, S.S. & Tzvelev, N.N. (1978) Novye vidy oduvanchika (Taraxacum Wigg.) iz severnoi chasti Kamchatskoi oblasti [New species of Taraxacum from the northern part of the Kamchatka Region]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 63 (6): 837–843.
Kirschner, J. & Št?pánek, J. (1983) On the homonyms in the genus Taraxacum (Studies in Taraxacum 2.). Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 18: 443–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857271
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Kozhevnikov, Yu.P. (1993) Taraxacum byrrangicum (Asteraceae) – novyy vid oduvanchika s poluostrova Taimyr [Taraxacum byrrangicum (Asteraceae), a new species from Taimyr Peninsula]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 78: 116–118.
Krasnikov, A.A. (1997) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Krasnoborov, I.M. (Ed.) Flora Sibiri, vol. 13. Nauka, Novosibirsk, pp. 263–295.
Ledebour, C.F. (1833) Flora altaica, vol. 4. G. Reimer, Berolini, 336 pp.
Ledebour, C.F. (1834) Icones plantarum novarum vel imperfecte cognitarum floram Rossicam, imprimis Altaicam, illustrantes, centuria V. I. Deubner, Rigae, pp. 1–28, plates 401–500.
Lundevall, C.-F. & Øllgaard, H. (1999) The genus Taraxacum in the Nordic and Baltic countries: Types of all specific, subspecific and varietal taxa, including type locations and sectional belongings. Preslia 71: 43–171.
Malyshev, L.I. & Petrochenko, Yu.N. (1966) Novye i redkie rasteniya so Stanovogo nagor’ya [New and rare plants from the Stanovoe nagorye Mts.]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 3: 249–256.
Nelson, A. (1945) Rocky Mountain herbarium studies VI. American Journal of Botany 32: 284–290. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1945.tb05120.x
Rydberg, P.A. (1901) Studies on the Rocky Mountain flora. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 28 (9): 499–513. https://doi.org/10.2307/2478562
Schischkin, B.K. (1949a) Novye altaiskie vidy oduvanchika [New Taraxacum species from the Altai]. Sistematicheskie zametki po materialam gerbaria im. P. N. Krylova pri Tomskom Gosudarstvennom Universitete 19 (1–2): 5–8.
Schischkin, B.K. (1949b) Taraxacum L. In: Krylov, P., Schischkin, B.K., Sergievskaya, L.P., Steinberg, E.I. & Krascheninnikov, I.M. (Eds.) Flora Zapadnoi Sibiri, vol. 11. TGU & Botanical Section of Tomsk Society of Naturalists, Tomsk, pp. 2995–3009.
Schischkin, B.K. [& Tzvelev, N.N., ed.] (1964) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Komarov, V.L. (Ed.) Flora SSSR, vol. 29. Nauka, Moskva & Leningrad, pp. 405–560, 728–754.
Steffen, H. (1938) Nachträge zur Flora von Nowaja Semlja. Beihefte zum botanischen Centralblatt 58: 105.
Thiers, B. (2022) Index Herbariorum: A Global Directory of Public Herbaria and Associated Staff. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed December 2021)
Tikhomirov, B.A., Petrovskiy, V.V. & Jurtzev, B.A. (1966) Flora okresnostei bukhty Tiksi (Arkticheskaya Yakutia) [Flora of the surroundings of Tiksi Bay (Arctic Yakutia)]. In: Tikhomirov, B.A. (Ed.) Rastitelnost’ Krainego Severa SSSR i ee osvoenie, vol. 6. Nauka, Moskva & Leningrad, pp. 7–40.
Trautvetter, E.R. (1871) Conspectus florae insularum Nowaja-Semlja. Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botanicheskago Sada 1: 43–88. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50794#page/1/mode/1up]
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159] Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Tzvelev, N.N. (1966) Dva novykh vida roda Taraxacum Wigg. flory SSSR [Two new species of Taraxacum in the flora of the USSR]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 3: 232–235.
Tzvelev, N.N. (1992) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Kharkevich, S.S. (Ed.) Sosudistye rasteniya sovetskogo Dal’nego Vostoka, vol. 6. Nauka, Sankt-Peterburg, pp. 356–409.
Tzvelev, N.N. & Yurtzev, B.A. (1984) Novye vidi oduvanchikov (Taraxacum Wigg., Asteraceae) flory SSSR [New species of dandelions of the flora of the USSR]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 21: 187–202.
Tzvelev, N.N. & Jurtzev, B.A. (1987) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Tolmachev, A.I. (Ed.) Arkticheskaya flora SSSR [The Arctic flora of the USSR], vol. 10. Leningrad, Nauka, pp. 264–319.
Uhlemann, I., Kirschner, J. & Št?pánek, J. (2004) The genus Taraxacum (Asteraceae) in the Southern Hemisphere. I. The section Antarctica Handel-Mazzetti and notes on dandelions of Australasia. Folia Geobotanica 39: 205–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02805246
Vahl, J. (1840) Icones plantarum sponte nascentium in regnis Daniae et Norvegiae ... Florae Danicae nomine inscriptum, vol. 13, fasc. 39. Kongl. Majests. Hof-Bogtrykker Nicolaus Møller, Kobenhavn, pp. 1–16, plates 2281–2340.
Vodop’yanova, N.S., Ivanova, M.M., Malyshev, L.I. & Petrochenko, Yu.N. (1971) Novye i redkie rasteniya so Stanovogo nagorya [New and rare plants from the Stanovoe Nagor’ye Mts.] Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 7: 294–303.
Voroshilov, V.N. (1967) Tri novykh vida oduvanchika iz okresnostei Ayana [Three new dandelion species from the vicinity of Ayan]. Sistematicheskie zametki po materialam gerbaria im. P. N. Krylova pri Tomskom Gosudarstvennom Universitete 26 (84): 6–10.
Voroshilov, V.N. (1984) Novye taksony dal’nevostochnoi flory [New taxa of the flora of the Far East]. Byulleten’ Glavnogo Botanicheskogo Sada 130: 35–40.
Voroshilov, V.N. & Shaga, V.S. (1968) Novyy vid oduvanchika s reki Burei [A new dandelion species from Bureya River]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 5: 230–232.
Candolle, A.P. de (1838) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 7 (1). Treuttel & Würtz, 330 pp.
Dahlstedt, H. (1905) Studier öfver arktiska Taraxaca. Arkiv för Botanik 4 (8): 1–41. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91288#page/7/mode/1up]
Dahlstedt, H. (1921) De svenska arterna av släktet Taraxacum. I. Erythrosperma, II. Obliqua. Acta Florae Sueciae 1: 1–160.
Dahlstedt, H. (1926) Taraxaca from Kamtchatka chiefly collected by Mr. E. Hultén in the years 1920–1922. Arkiv för Botanik 20A (1): 1–15.
Elven, R. (ed.) (2007–2022) Annotated Checklist of the Panarctic Flora (PAF). Vascular plants. University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Available from: http://panarcticflora.org/ (accessed 15 December 2021)
Gürdal, B., Št?pánek, J., Zeisek, V., Kirschner, J. & Özhatay, N. (2018) What is and what is not Taraxacum bithynicum (Compositae, Crepidinae). Phytotaxa 373 (3): 197–210. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.3.3
Haglund, G.E. (1957) Two new Taraxaca from Novaya Zemlya. Nytt Magasin för Botanikk 5: 7–11.
Hämet-Ahti, L. (1970) A. K. Cajander’s vascular plant collection from the Lena River, Siberia, with his ecological and floristic notes. Annales Botanici Fennici 7: 255–324.
Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1907) Monographie der Gattung Taraxacum. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig & Wien, x + 175 pp. + 7 plates. [https:// bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/10236]
Holmboe, J. (1923) Taraxacum Haller. In: Lynge, B., Vascular plants from Novaya Zemlya. A. W. Brøggers Boktrikkeri, Kristiania, pp. 85–89, 2 plates.
Jurtzev, B.A. (1997) Novye taksony roda Taraxacum (sektsiya Arctica, Asteraceae) [New taxa of Taraxacum sect. Arctica]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 82: 112–116.
Kharkevich, S.S. & Tzvelev, N.N. (1978) Novye vidy oduvanchika (Taraxacum Wigg.) iz severnoi chasti Kamchatskoi oblasti [New species of Taraxacum from the northern part of the Kamchatka Region]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 63 (6): 837–843.
Kirschner, J. & Št?pánek, J. (1983) On the homonyms in the genus Taraxacum (Studies in Taraxacum 2.). Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 18: 443–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857271
Kirschner, J., Št?pánek, J. & Klimeš, L. (2006) Dandelions in Central Asia: A revision of Taraxacum section Leucantha. Preslia 78: 27–65. [http://www.preslia.cz/P061CKir.pdf]
Kirschner, J., Št?pánek, J., Klimeš, L., Dvorský, M., Br?na, J., Macek, M. & Kopecký, M. (2020) The Taraxacum flora of Ladakh, with notes on the adjacent regions of the West Himalaya. Phytotaxa 457 (1): 1–409. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.457.1.1
Kirschner, J., Št?pánek, J., Efimov, P.G. & Buryj, V.V. (2022) Taraxacum sect. Borealia in Siberia and the continental Far East. Phytotaxa [in prep.]
Kirschner, J., Záveská Drábková, L., Št?pánek, J. & Uhlemann, I. (2015) Towards a better understanding of the Taraxacum evolution (Compositae-Cichorieae) on the basis of nrDNA of sexually reproducing species. Plant Systematics and Evolution 301: 1135–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1139-0
Kjellman, F.R. (1883) Die Phanerogamenflora an der asiatischen Küste der Berings-Strasse. In: Nordenskiöld, A.E. (Ed.) Die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse der Vega-Expedition. F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, pp. 294–380.
Khokhryakov, A.P. (1983) Novye vidy rasteniy s severo-vostoka Aziatskogo materika [New plant species from the northeastern Asia]. Byulleten’ Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 88 (5): 95–97.
Kozhevnikov, Yu.P. (1993) Taraxacum byrrangicum (Asteraceae) – novyy vid oduvanchika s poluostrova Taimyr [Taraxacum byrrangicum (Asteraceae), a new species from Taimyr Peninsula]. Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 78: 116–118.
Krasnikov, A.A. (1997) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Krasnoborov, I.M. (Ed.) Flora Sibiri, vol. 13. Nauka, Novosibirsk, pp. 263–295.
Ledebour, C.F. (1833) Flora altaica, vol. 4. G. Reimer, Berolini, 336 pp.
Ledebour, C.F. (1834) Icones plantarum novarum vel imperfecte cognitarum floram Rossicam, imprimis Altaicam, illustrantes, centuria V. I. Deubner, Rigae, pp. 1–28, plates 401–500.
Lundevall, C.-F. & Øllgaard, H. (1999) The genus Taraxacum in the Nordic and Baltic countries: Types of all specific, subspecific and varietal taxa, including type locations and sectional belongings. Preslia 71: 43–171.
Malyshev, L.I. & Petrochenko, Yu.N. (1966) Novye i redkie rasteniya so Stanovogo nagor’ya [New and rare plants from the Stanovoe nagorye Mts.]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 3: 249–256.
Nelson, A. (1945) Rocky Mountain herbarium studies VI. American Journal of Botany 32: 284–290. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1945.tb05120.x
Rydberg, P.A. (1901) Studies on the Rocky Mountain flora. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 28 (9): 499–513. https://doi.org/10.2307/2478562
Schischkin, B.K. (1949a) Novye altaiskie vidy oduvanchika [New Taraxacum species from the Altai]. Sistematicheskie zametki po materialam gerbaria im. P. N. Krylova pri Tomskom Gosudarstvennom Universitete 19 (1–2): 5–8.
Schischkin, B.K. (1949b) Taraxacum L. In: Krylov, P., Schischkin, B.K., Sergievskaya, L.P., Steinberg, E.I. & Krascheninnikov, I.M. (Eds.) Flora Zapadnoi Sibiri, vol. 11. TGU & Botanical Section of Tomsk Society of Naturalists, Tomsk, pp. 2995–3009.
Schischkin, B.K. [& Tzvelev, N.N., ed.] (1964) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Komarov, V.L. (Ed.) Flora SSSR, vol. 29. Nauka, Moskva & Leningrad, pp. 405–560, 728–754.
Steffen, H. (1938) Nachträge zur Flora von Nowaja Semlja. Beihefte zum botanischen Centralblatt 58: 105.
Thiers, B. (2022) Index Herbariorum: A Global Directory of Public Herbaria and Associated Staff. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed December 2021)
Tikhomirov, B.A., Petrovskiy, V.V. & Jurtzev, B.A. (1966) Flora okresnostei bukhty Tiksi (Arkticheskaya Yakutia) [Flora of the surroundings of Tiksi Bay (Arctic Yakutia)]. In: Tikhomirov, B.A. (Ed.) Rastitelnost’ Krainego Severa SSSR i ee osvoenie, vol. 6. Nauka, Moskva & Leningrad, pp. 7–40.
Trautvetter, E.R. (1871) Conspectus florae insularum Nowaja-Semlja. Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botanicheskago Sada 1: 43–88. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50794#page/1/mode/1up]
Turland, N.J., Wiersema, J.H., Barrie, F.R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W.-H., Li, D.-Z., Marhold, K., May, T.W., McNeill, J., Monro, A.M., Prado, J., Price, M.J. & Smith, G.F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159] Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten, 254 pp. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018
Tzvelev, N.N. (1966) Dva novykh vida roda Taraxacum Wigg. flory SSSR [Two new species of Taraxacum in the flora of the USSR]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 3: 232–235.
Tzvelev, N.N. (1992) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Kharkevich, S.S. (Ed.) Sosudistye rasteniya sovetskogo Dal’nego Vostoka, vol. 6. Nauka, Sankt-Peterburg, pp. 356–409.
Tzvelev, N.N. & Yurtzev, B.A. (1984) Novye vidi oduvanchikov (Taraxacum Wigg., Asteraceae) flory SSSR [New species of dandelions of the flora of the USSR]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 21: 187–202.
Tzvelev, N.N. & Jurtzev, B.A. (1987) Taraxacum Wigg. In: Tolmachev, A.I. (Ed.) Arkticheskaya flora SSSR [The Arctic flora of the USSR], vol. 10. Leningrad, Nauka, pp. 264–319.
Uhlemann, I., Kirschner, J. & Št?pánek, J. (2004) The genus Taraxacum (Asteraceae) in the Southern Hemisphere. I. The section Antarctica Handel-Mazzetti and notes on dandelions of Australasia. Folia Geobotanica 39: 205–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02805246
Vahl, J. (1840) Icones plantarum sponte nascentium in regnis Daniae et Norvegiae ... Florae Danicae nomine inscriptum, vol. 13, fasc. 39. Kongl. Majests. Hof-Bogtrykker Nicolaus Møller, Kobenhavn, pp. 1–16, plates 2281–2340.
Vodop’yanova, N.S., Ivanova, M.M., Malyshev, L.I. & Petrochenko, Yu.N. (1971) Novye i redkie rasteniya so Stanovogo nagorya [New and rare plants from the Stanovoe Nagor’ye Mts.] Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 7: 294–303.
Voroshilov, V.N. (1967) Tri novykh vida oduvanchika iz okresnostei Ayana [Three new dandelion species from the vicinity of Ayan]. Sistematicheskie zametki po materialam gerbaria im. P. N. Krylova pri Tomskom Gosudarstvennom Universitete 26 (84): 6–10.
Voroshilov, V.N. (1984) Novye taksony dal’nevostochnoi flory [New taxa of the flora of the Far East]. Byulleten’ Glavnogo Botanicheskogo Sada 130: 35–40.
Voroshilov, V.N. & Shaga, V.S. (1968) Novyy vid oduvanchika s reki Burei [A new dandelion species from Bureya River]. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rasteniy 5: 230–232.