Abstract
A new species, Chloridium paucisetosum, was isolated from soil in Guizhou Province, China. The species is distinguished from other Chloridium species by its cylindrical or lageniform conidiogenous cells producing obovoid or ellipsoidal conidia without mucoid appendages, and apical branched conidiophores. Phylogenetic analysis based on combined ITS and LSU sequence data showed that C. paucisetosum formed a monophyletic clade and clearly separated from other Chloridium species. It is compared with other similar species and their phylogenetic relationships are discussed. Morphology and phylogenetic analyses support the introduction of the new species C. paucisetosum. In addition, a previously described species Phialocephala humicola is synonymized under the genus Chloridium.
References
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<p>Fernández, F.A., Miller, A.N., Huhndorf, S.M., Lutzoni, F.M. & Zoller, S. (2006) Systematics of the genus <em>Chaetosphaeria</em> and its allied genera: morphological and phylogenetic diversity in north temperate and neotropical taxa. <em>Mycologia</em> 98 (1): 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832718</p>
<p>Gams, W. & Holubova-jechova, V. (1976) <em>Chloridium</em> and some other dematiaceous hyphomycetes growing on decaying wood. <em>Studies in Mycology</em> 13: 1–99.</p>
<p>Goh, T.K., Ou, J.H. & Kuo, C.H. (2021) <em>Phaeonawawia</em>, a novel chaetosphaeriaceous anamorph from submerged wood in Malaysia. <em>Mycological Progress</em> 20 (3): 227–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-020-01662-9</p>
<p>Hughes, S.J. (1951) <em>Stachylidium</em>, <em>Gonytrichum</em>, <em>Mesobotrys</em>, <em>Chaetopsis</em> and <em>Chaetopsella</em>. <em>Transactions of British Mycological Society</em> 34 (4): 551–576. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(51)80041-X</p>
<p>Huhndorf, S.M., Miller, A.N. & Fernández, F.A. (2004) Molecular systematics of the <em>Coronophorales</em> and new species of <em>Bertia</em>, <em>Lasiobertia</em> and <em>Nitschkia</em>. <em>Mycological Research</em> 108 (12): 1384–1398. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204001273</p>
<p>Huson, D.H. & Bryant, D. (2006) Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 23 (2): 254–267. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msj030</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D., Norphanphoun, C., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Bhat, D.J., Jones, E.B.G., Bundhun, D., Chen, Y.J., Bao, D.F., Boonmee, S., Calabon, M.S., Chaiwan, N., Chethana, K.W.T., Dai, D.Q., Dayarathne, M.C., Devadatha, B., Dissanayake, A.J., Dissanayake, L.S., Doilom, M., Dong, W., Fan, X.L., Goonaselara, I.D., Hongsanan, S., Huang, S.K., Jayawardena, R.S., Jeewon, R., Karunarathna, A., Konta, S., Kumar, V., Lin, C.G., Liu, J.K., Liu, N.G., Luangsa-ard, J., Lumyong, S., Luo, Z.L., Marasinghe, D.S., McMenzie, E.H.C., Niego, A.G.T., Niranjan, M., Perera, R.H., Phukhamsakda, C., Rathnayaka, A.R., Samarakoon, M.C., Samarakoon, S.M.B.C., Sarma, V.V., Senanayake, I.C., Shang, Q.J., Stadler, M., Tibpromma, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Wei, D.P., Wijayawardene, N.N., Xiao, Y.P., Yang, J., Zeng, X.Y., Zhang, S.N. & Xiang, M.M. (2020) Refined families of <em>Sordariomycetes</em>. <em>Mycosphere</em> 11 (1): 305–1059. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/7</p>
<p>Jong, S.C. & Davis, E.E. (1972) <em>Phialocephala humicola</em>, a new hyphomycete. <em>Mycologia</em> 64 (6): 1351–1356. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1972.12019390</p>
<p>Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 35 (6): 1547–1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096</p>
<p>Lin, C.G., McKenzie, E.H.C., Liu, J.K., Jones, E.B.G. & Hyde, K.D. (2019) Hyaline-spored chaetosphaeriaceous hyphomycetes from Thailand and China, with a review of the family <em>Chaetosphaeriaceae</em>. <em>Mycosphere</em> 10 (1): 655–700. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/14</p>
<p>Link, H.F. (1809) Observationes in ordines <em>Plantarumnaturales</em>. Dissertatio I. <em>Magazin der Gesellschaft Naturforschenden Freunde Berlin</em> 3: 3–42.</p>
<p>Luo, Z.L., Hyde, K.D., Liu, J.K., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Rajesh, J., Bao, D.F., Bhat, D.J., Lin, C.G., Li, W.L., Yang, J., Liu, N.G., Lu, Y.Z., Jayawardena, R.S., Li, J.F., Su, H.Y. (2019) Freshwater <em>Sordariomycetes</em>. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 99 (1): 451–660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-019-00438-1</p>
<p>Posada, D. (2008) jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em> 25 (7): 1253–1256. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msn083</p>
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