Abstract
After almost 30 years since the last description of a Lamourouxia species, in this paper, two new species are described, illustrated, and compared. The new species are endemic to the states of Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, and Sinaloa in western and northwestern Mexico, and as several species of the genus, these are of restricted geographic distribution and have scarce representation in biological collections. The new species belong to Lamourouxia section Hemispadon. With these new species Lamourouxia reaches a total of 30 species all occurring in the American continent.
References
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Lindley, J. (1843) Miscellaneous matter of the Botanical Register. Edward’s Botanical Register 29: 1–85.
Linnaeus, C. (1763) Species Plantarum. Vol. 2. Ed. 2. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae [Stockholm], 784 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11179
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Nelson-Sutherland, C.H. (2008) Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, Espermatofitas. Secretaría de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 1576 pp.
Nickrent, D.L. (2020) Parasitic angiosperms: How often and how many? Taxon 69: 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12195
Olmstead, R.G., DePamphilis, C.W., Wolfe, A.D., Young, N.D., Elisons, W.J. & Reeves, P.A. (2001) Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88: 348–361. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657024
Olmstead, R.G. & Reeves, P.A. (1995) Evidence for the polyphyly of the Scrophulariaceae based on chloroplast rbcL and ndhF sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82: 176–193. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399876
Oxelman, B., Kornhall, P., Olmstead, R.G. & Bremer, B. (2005) Further disintegration of Scrophulariaceae. Taxon 54: 411–425. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065369
Paray, L. (1950) El género Lamourouxia en México. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 11: 5–16. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.965
QGIS Development Team (2016) QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project.
Robinson, B.L. & Greenman, J.M. (1895) A synoptic revision of the genus Lamourouxia. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 9: 169–174.
Rzedowski, J. (2019) Los géneros de fanerógamas que, sin ser endémicos de México, dan carácter a su flora. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 90: e902946. https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2946
Sosa, V. & De-Nova, A. (2012) Endemic angiosperm lineages in Mexico: Hotspots for conservation. Acta Botanica Mexicana 100: 293–315.
Standley, P.C. & Williams, L.O. (1973) Scrophulariaceae. Flora of Guatemala Part IX No. 4. Fieldiana, Botany 24 (9): 319–415.
Thiers, B. (2021) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden´s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 28 July 2021)
Turner, B.L. (1993) Two new species of Lamourouxia (Scrophulariaceae) from Mexico. Phytologia 74: 464–467.
Young, N.D., Steiner, K.E. & DePamphilis, C.W. (1999) The evolution of parasitism in the Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: plastid gene sequences refute an evolutionary transition series. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86: 876–893. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666173
Williams, L.O. (1972) Tropical American Plants, XII. Fieldiana, Botany 34 (8): 101–132. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2599
Wolfe, A.D., Randle, C.P., Liu, L. & Steiner, K.E. (2005) Phylogeny and biogeography of Orobanchaceae. Folia Geobotanica 40: 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803229
Woodson, R.E., Schery, R.W. & D’Arcy, W.G. (1979) Flora of Panama. Part IX. Family 171. Scrophulariaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 66 (2): 173–274.
Baldini, R.M., MacVean, A.L., Cristofolini, G., Daniel, T.F., Managlia, A. & Galloni, M. (2019) Synopsis and typification of the names published by Antonio Bertoloni in Florula Guatimalensis and in preceding publications. Phytotaxa 420 (3): 199–223. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.420.3.1
Balick, M.J., Nee, M.H. & Atha, D.E. (2000) Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 85: 1–246.
Bentham, G. (1846) Lamourouxia. In: De Candolle, A. (Ed.) Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 10. Masson, Paris, pp. 539–542.
Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (2016) Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia Vol. II. Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, 1560 pp.
Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993) Catalogue of the Flowering plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: 1–1286.
Correa, M.D., Galdames, C. & Stapt, M. (2004) Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Panamá. Quebecor World Bogotá, S.A., Bogotá, 599 pp.
Cronquist, A. (1978) Once again, what is a species?. In: Knutson, L.V. (Ed.) Biosystematics in Agriculture. Allenheld Osmun, Montclair, New Jersey, pp. 3–20.
Cronquist, A. (1981) An integrated system of classification of flowering plants. Columbia University Press, New York, 1262 pp.
Ernst, W.R. (1972) Floral morphology and systematics of Lamourouxia (Scrophulariaceae: Rhinanthoideae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 6: 1–63.
Ernst, W.R. & Baad, M.F. (1970 [1971]) Two new species of Lamourouxia (Scrophulariaceae) in Mexico. Madroño 20: 342–346.
Fu, W., Liu, X., Zhang, N., Song, Z., Zhang, W., Yang, J. & Wang, Y. (2017) Testing the hypothesis of multiple origins of holoparasitism in Orobanchaceae: Phylogenetic evidence from the last two unplaced holoparasitic genera, Gleadovia and Phacellanthus. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 1380. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01380
Galán, P. (2020) Tratamiento para los géneros Castilleja y Lamourouxia (Orobanchaceae) en El Salvador, Centro América. BIOMA 54 (5): 22–35.
González-Elizondo, M.S., González-Elizondo, M., Ruacho-González, L., López-Enríquez, I.L., Retana-Rentería, F.I. & Tena-Flores, J.A. (2013) Ecosystems and Diversity of the Sierra Madre Occidental. In: Gottfried, G.J., Ffolliott, P.F., Gebow, B.S., Eskew, L.G. & Collins, L.C. (Comps.) Merging science and management in a rapidly changing world: Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipielago III. Proceedings RMRS-P-67. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO, pp. 203–211.
Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (2015) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Volumen VIII. Dicotiledóneas (Sabiaceae-Zygophyllaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 131: 1–657.
Heide-Jørgensen, H.S. (2013) Introduction: The parasitic syndrome in higher plants. In: Joel, D.M., Gressel, J. & Musselman, L.J. (Eds.) Parasitic Orobanchaceae: Parasitic Mechanisms and Control Strategies. Springer, Berlin, pp. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38146-1
Holmgren, N.H. & Molau, U. (1984) Scrophulariaceae. In: Harling, G.W. & Sparre, B.B. (Eds.) Flora of Ecuador. University of Göteborg & Swedish Museum of Natural History, Göteborg & Stockholm, 189 pp.
IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 28 July 2021).
Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (1999) Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 1–1181.
Kunth, K.S. (1817[1818]) Lamourouxia. In: Humboldt, F.W.H.A., Bonpland, A.J.A. & Kunth, K.S. (Eds.) Nova Genera et Species Plantarum. Vol 2. Quarto ed., Librairie Grecque-Latine-Allemande, Paris, pp. 335–339. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.640
Lindley, J. (1843) Miscellaneous matter of the Botanical Register. Edward’s Botanical Register 29: 1–85.
Linnaeus, C. (1763) Species Plantarum. Vol. 2. Ed. 2. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae [Stockholm], 784 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11179
McNeal, J.R., Bennett, J.R., Wolfe, A.D. & Mathews, S. (2013) Phylogeny and origins of holoparasitism in Orobanchaceae. American Journal of Botany 100: 971–983. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1200448
Nelson-Sutherland, C.H. (2008) Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, Espermatofitas. Secretaría de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 1576 pp.
Nickrent, D.L. (2020) Parasitic angiosperms: How often and how many? Taxon 69: 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12195
Olmstead, R.G., DePamphilis, C.W., Wolfe, A.D., Young, N.D., Elisons, W.J. & Reeves, P.A. (2001) Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88: 348–361. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657024
Olmstead, R.G. & Reeves, P.A. (1995) Evidence for the polyphyly of the Scrophulariaceae based on chloroplast rbcL and ndhF sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82: 176–193. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399876
Oxelman, B., Kornhall, P., Olmstead, R.G. & Bremer, B. (2005) Further disintegration of Scrophulariaceae. Taxon 54: 411–425. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065369
Paray, L. (1950) El género Lamourouxia en México. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 11: 5–16. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.965
QGIS Development Team (2016) QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project.
Robinson, B.L. & Greenman, J.M. (1895) A synoptic revision of the genus Lamourouxia. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 9: 169–174.
Rzedowski, J. (2019) Los géneros de fanerógamas que, sin ser endémicos de México, dan carácter a su flora. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 90: e902946. https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2946
Sosa, V. & De-Nova, A. (2012) Endemic angiosperm lineages in Mexico: Hotspots for conservation. Acta Botanica Mexicana 100: 293–315.
Standley, P.C. & Williams, L.O. (1973) Scrophulariaceae. Flora of Guatemala Part IX No. 4. Fieldiana, Botany 24 (9): 319–415.
Thiers, B. (2021) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden´s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 28 July 2021)
Turner, B.L. (1993) Two new species of Lamourouxia (Scrophulariaceae) from Mexico. Phytologia 74: 464–467.
Young, N.D., Steiner, K.E. & DePamphilis, C.W. (1999) The evolution of parasitism in the Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: plastid gene sequences refute an evolutionary transition series. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86: 876–893. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666173
Williams, L.O. (1972) Tropical American Plants, XII. Fieldiana, Botany 34 (8): 101–132. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2599
Wolfe, A.D., Randle, C.P., Liu, L. & Steiner, K.E. (2005) Phylogeny and biogeography of Orobanchaceae. Folia Geobotanica 40: 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803229
Woodson, R.E., Schery, R.W. & D’Arcy, W.G. (1979) Flora of Panama. Part IX. Family 171. Scrophulariaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 66 (2): 173–274.