Abstract
Swertia pahalgamensis (Gentianaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India is described here with photographic illustrations. The new species resembles with Swertia thomsonii in some morphological characters, but differs clearly in having basal leaves elliptic-spathulate with acute apices, petals yellowish green, ovate, sub-obtuse apices, nectar guides with prominent bluish straight lines, nectaries viscous, sub-confluent, round to cushion-shaped, number, size and orientation of fimbriae, anthers oblong, seeds oval-round with wider wings.
References
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<p>Cambessedes, J. (1841)<em> In: </em>Jacquemont, V. (Ed.) <em>Voyage dans l’Inde pendant les annees</em>, vol. 4. Firmin Didot freÌres, Paris, pp. 6.</p>
<p>Chunying, X., Tingnong, H. &Dezhu, L. (2002) Floral nectaries in <em>Swertia</em>: Anatomy and morphology. <em>Acta Botanica Yunnanica</em> 24 (3): 359–369.</p>
<p>Clarke, C.B. (1883) Gentianaceae. <em>In: </em>Hooker, J.D. (Ed.) <em>The Flora of British India</em>. vol. 4. L. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 93–132.</p>
<p>Dar, G.H & Khuroo, A.A. (2020) Biodiversity of the Himalaya: Jammu and Kashmir State (Vol. 18). Springer Nature, Singapore, pp. 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9174-4</p>
<p>de Candolle, A.P. (1830) <em>Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis</em>, vol. 4. Parisii, Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Wurtz, 131 pp.</p>
<p>Don, D. (1825) <em>Prodromus Florae Nepalensis</em>. J. Gale, London, 110, 212 pp.</p>
<p>Don, D. (1837) Descriptions of Indian Gentianeae. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society of London </em>17 (4): 503–532. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1834.tb00041.x</p>
<p>Edgeworth, M.P. (1846) Descriptions of some unpublished Species of Plants from North-Western India. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society of London</em> 20: 44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1846.tb00410.x</p>
<p>Favre, A., Matuszak, S., Sun, H., Liu, E., Yuan, Y.M. & Muellner-Riehl, A.N. (2014) Two new genera of Gentianinae (Gentianaceae): <em>Sinogentiana</em> and <em>Kuepferia</em> supported by molecular phylogenetic evidence. <em>Taxon</em> 63 (2): 342–354. https://doi.org/10.12705/632.5</p>
<p>FoC (2008) Flora of China. Available from: http://www.efloras.org/ (accessed 16 September 2021).</p>
<p>Fu, S.H. (1965) Species et Combinationes Novae Crassulacearum Sinicarum. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica </em>10 (1): 121.</p>
<p>Hagen, K.B. & Kadereit, J.W. (2002) Phylogeny and flower evolution of the Swertiinae (Gentianaceae-Gentianeae): homoplasy and the principle of variable proportions. <em>Systematic Botany</em> 27: 548–572.</p>
<p>Ho, T.N. & Liu, S.W. (1980) New taxa of <em>Swertia </em>L. from China. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em>18 (1): 75–85.</p>
<p>Ho, T.N. & Liu, S.W. (2015) <em>A worldwide monograph of Swertia and its allies</em>. Science Press, Beijing, 430 pp.</p>
<p>Ho, T.N., Xue, C.Y. & Wang, W. (1994) The origin, dispersal and formation of the distribution patterns of <em>Swertia</em> L. <em>Acta PhytoTaxonomica Sinica</em> 32: 525–537.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. & Thomson, T. (1855) <em>Flora Indica. </em>vol. 1. Pamplin<strong>, </strong>Frith Street, Soho, London, 40 pp.</p>
<p>Hooker, J.D. (1887) <em>The Flora of British India</em> vol. 5. L. Reeve & Co., London, 258 pp.</p>
<p>Joshi, K. & Joshi, A. (2008) <em>Swertia</em> L. (Gentianaceae) in Nepal Himalaya: Checklist, phytogeography, ethnobotany and conservation status. <em>Ethnobotanical Leaflets</em> 1: 43.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. (1753) <em>Species Plantarum, </em>Ray Society, London<strong>,</strong> 767 pp.</p>
<p>Nampy, S., Shahina, P.M., Haseena, T. & Ashwini, H.S. (2015) A taxonomic revision of <em>Swertia </em>L. (Gentianaceae) in South India, with one new species and seven lectotypifications. <em>Phytotaxa </em>195 (1): 31–52.</p>
<p>POWO (2022) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 14 October 2021).</p>
<p>QGIS Version 3.20.3 (2021) Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available from: http://qgis. osgeo.org/ (accessed 10 October 2021).</p>
<p>von Schrenk, A.G. (1842) Novae Plantarum Species Nuperrime in Songarica lectae. <em>Bulletin Scientifique/Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Petersbourg</em> 10: 353.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2021) <em>Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff</em>.</p>
<p>New York botanical garden’s virtual herbarium database, New York. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 19 October 2021).</p>
<p>Tropicos (2021) Facilitated by the Missouri Botanical Garden. Available from: https://www.tropicos.org/ (accessed 18 October 2021).</p>
<p>von Besser, W.S.J.G. (1836) <em>Bulletin de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou </em>vol. 9. British Museum Natural History, London, 57 pp.</p>
<p>vonHandel-Mazzetti, H.R.E.F. (1936) <em>Symbolae Sinicae</em> vol. 7. J. Springer, 916 pp.</p>
<p>Wani, B.A., Islam, T., Khuroo, A.A., Ganie, A.H. & Nawchoo, I.A. (2022) <em>Swertia kashmirensis</em>, a new species from Bangus Valley of Kashmir Himalaya, India. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 532 (1): 93–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.532.1.8</p>
<p>WFO (2021) World Flora Online. Available from: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/ (accessed 17 October 2021).</p>