Abstract
Lychnocephalus, as circumscribed here, contains eight species that occur in the campos rupestres of the Espinhaço mountain range in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The following species are revised in the current treatment, L. cipoensis, L. grazielae, L. humillimus, L. mellobarretoi, L. jolyanus, L. sellovii, L. tomentosus, and a new species, L. canus, is described and discussed. Taxonomic comments, preliminary conservation status, distribution maps, illustrations and an identification key of all described species are provided.
References
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Candolle, A.P. de (1836) Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, vol. 5. Treutel & Würtz, Paris, 706 pp.
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Coile, N.C. & Jones Jr., S.B. (1981) Lychnophora (Compositae: Vernonieae), a genus endemic to the Brazilian Planalto. Brittonia 33: 528–542. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806758
Costa, F.N., Trovo, M. & Sano, P.T. (2008) Eriocaulaceae na Cadeia do Espinhaço: riqueza, endemismo e ameaças. Megadiversidade 4: 77–85.
Fernandes, G.W. & Barbosa, N.P.U. (2013) Como um dos patrimônios ambientais mais ricos do país, Minas Gerais, se ressente da negligência e irresponsabilidade pela introdução de espécies invasoras. Scientific American Brasil 135: 60.
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Fernandez, E., Martinelli, G. & Loeuille, B.F.P. (2020) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T175708979A176125596. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T175708979A176125596.pt
Gomes, F.M.B. & Loeuille, B. (2021) Three New Species of Lychnocephalus (Asteraceae: Vernonieae) from the Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Systematic Botany, 46: 476–485. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364421X16231782047587
Gontijo, B.M. (2003) A ilusão do ecoturismo na Serra do Cipó / MG: O caso de Lapinha. Brasília: Unpublished Ph. D thesis. Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 297 pp.
Goulart, M.F., Pereira, J.A. & Rocha, A.S. (2013) Fenologia de uma comunidade arbustiva em campo rupestre. 64º Congresso Nacional de Botânica, Belo Horizonte Available from: https://dtihost.sfo2.digitaloceanspaces.com/sbotanicab/64CNBot/resumo-ins18712-id4498.pdf (accessed 14 april 2022)
Harris, E.M. (1995) Inflorescence and floral ontogeny in Asteraceae: a synthesis of historical and current concepts. Botanical Review 61: 93–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02887192
Harris, E.M. (1999) Capitula in the Asteridae: a widespread and varied phenomenon. Botanical Review 65: 348–369. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857754
Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (2001) Plant Identification Terminology. An Illustrated Glossary, ed. 2. Spring Lake, Utah: Spring Lake Publishing.
Hickey, L.J. (1979) [1980]. A revised classification of the architecture of dicotyledonous leaves. In: Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L. (Eds.) Anatomy of Dicotyledons, 2nd edition, vol. 1. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 25–39.
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red list Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available from: https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/10315 (accessed 18 May 2022)
Krascheninnikov, I.M. (1922) Compositae austro-americanae novae I. Botanicheskie Materialy Gerbariya Glavnogo Botanicheskogo Sada R S F S R. Petrograd. 3: 157–162.
Leal, C.R.O., Souza, A.P., Silva-Brandão, K.L. & Lewinsohn, T.M. (2021) Host specialization, genetic variability, and differentiation in three species of Tomoplagia from Brazilian rupestrian grasslands. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 170: 32–47.
Loeuille, B., Keeley, S.C. & Pirani, J.R. (2015a) Systematics and Evolution of Syncephaly in American Vernonieae (Asteraceae) with Emphasis on the Brazilian Subtribe Lychnophorinae. Systematic Botany 40: 286–298. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X686576
Loeuille, B., Semir, J., Lohmann, L.G. & Pirani, J.R. (2015b) A Phylogenetic Analysis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae) Based on Molecular and Morphological Data. Systematic Botany 40: 299–315. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X686585
Loeuille, B. & Roque, N. (2017) Maschalostachys, a new genus of Vernonieae (Asteraceae) from Brazil. Phytotaxa 295: 35–048. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.295.1.3
Loeuille, B., Semir, J. & Pirani, J.R. (2019) A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae), Phytotaxa 398: 1–139. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.398.1.1
Loeuille, B., Bringel Jr., J.B., Faria Jr. & Valls, J.F.M. (2022) Three new species of Lychnophorinae from the Brazilian Central Plateau (Asteraceae: Vernonieae). Phytotaxa 531: 249–266. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.5
Lopes, S.A. (2021) Transferência de pólen heteroespecífico e limitação polínica em plantas polinizadas por beija-flores no campo rupestre. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 100 pp.
Lusa, M.G., Costa, F.B. & Appezzato-da-Gloria, B. (2016a) Histolocalization of chemotaxonomic markers in Brazilian Vernonieae (Asteraceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182: 581–593. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12481
Lusa, M.G., Martucci, M.E., Loeuille, B.F., Gobbo-Neto, L., Appezzato-da-Glória, B. & Da Costa, F.B. (2016b) Characterization and evolution of secondary metabolites in Brazilian Vernonieae (Asteraceae) assessed by LC-MS fingerprinting. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182: 594–611. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12480
Luque, R., Menenzes, N.L. & Semir, J. (1999) Anatomía foliar de Lychnophora Mart. (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Plantula 2: 141–152.
Mansanares, M.E., Forni-Martins, E.R. & Semir, J. (2002) Chromosome numbers in the genus Lychnophora Mart. (Lychnophorinae, Vernonieae, Asteraceae). Caryologia 55: 367–374. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2002.10797889
Mansanares, M.E., Forni-Martins, E.R. & Semir, J. (2007) Cytotaxonomy of Lychnophora Mart. (Asteraceae: Vernonieae: Lychnophorinae) species. Caryologia 60: 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2007.10589543
Marques, D., Cândido, J.B., Loeuille, B. & Marzinek, J. (2022) Comparative morphology and anatomy of cypselae in Piptolepis (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) with emphasis on the pappus systematic significance. Flora 287: 151988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151988
Prado, P.I, Norrbom, A. & Lewinsohn, T.M. (2004) New Species of Tomoplagia Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Capitula of Asteraceae in Brazil. Neotropical Entomology 33: 189–211.
QGIS Development Team (2015) QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available from: http://qgis.osgeo.org (accessed 4 June 2020).
Queiroz, S.N.P (2018) Dinâmica temporal e funcional da rede de interações entre plantas e beija-flores no campo rupestre da Serra do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 128 pp.
Schultz-Bipontinus, C.H. (1863) [1864] Lychnophora Martius und einige benachbarte Gattungen. Jahresbericht der Pollichia, eines Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins der bayerischen Pfalz 20/21: 321–439.
Semir, J. (1991) Revisão taxonômica de Lychnophora Mart. (Vernonieae: Compositae). Unpublished Ph. D thesis. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, 515 pp.
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