Abstract
A rare species, Coprinopsis alnivora, was previously known from the type collection in Washington State, USA. Afterward, 11 additional samples were collected from five new host trees at nine localities in Europe (Austria, Croatia, and Slovakia). The species indicated a preference for growth in cavities or wounds of living deciduous trees. Its mycelium and basidiomata were successfully cultivated under laboratory conditions. A detailed morphological description of the basidiomata supplemented with colour photographs and line drawings is provided. Delimitation characters from similar species are discussed. Molecular phylogenetic relationships within the genus Coprinopsis were inferred from ITS rDNA sequences and are presented by a phylogram. Molecular genetic analyses revealed that C. alnivora represents a genetically well-delimited species with six known haplotypes.
References
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Mentrida, S., Krisai-Greilhuber, I. & Voglmayr, H. (2015) Molecular evaluation of species delimitation and barcoding of Daedaleopsis confragosa specimens in Austria. Österreichische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde 24: 173–179.
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Nagy, L.G., Házi, J., Szappanos, B., Kocsubé, S., Bálint, B., Rákhely, G., Vágvölgyi, C. & Papp, T. (2012) The evolution of defense mechanisms correlate with the explosive diversification of autodigesting Coprinellus mushrooms (Agaricales, Fungi). Systematic Biology 61 (4): 595–607. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys002
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Nagy, L.G., Vágvölgyi, C. & Papp, T. (2013b) Morphological characterization of clades of the Psathyrellaceae (Agaricales) inferred from a multigene phylogeny. Mycological Progress 12: 505–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0857-3
Nagy, L.G., Walther, G., Házi, J., Vágvölgyi, C. & Papp, T. (2011) Understanding the evolutionary processes of fungal fruiting bodies: correlated evolution and divergence times in the Psathyrellaceae. Systematic Biology 60 (3): 303–317. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syr005
Örstadius, L., Ryberg, M. & Larsson, E. (2015) Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy in Psathyrellaceae (Agaricales) with focus on psathyrelloid species: introduction of three new genera and 18 new species. Mycological Progress 14: 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-015-1047-x
Orton, P.D. (1957) Notes on British agarics 1-5 (Observations on the genus Coprinus). Transactions of the British Mycological Society 40 (2): 263–276.
Osmundson, T.W., Robert, V.A., Schoch, C.L., Baker, L.J., Smith, A., Robich, G., Mizzan, L. & Garbelotto, M.M. (2013) Filling gaps in biodiversity knowledge for macrofungi: contributions and assessment of an herbarium collection DNA barcode sequencing project. PLOS One 8 (4): e62419. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062419
Padamsee, M., Matheny, P.B., Dentinger, B.T. & McLaughlin, D.J. (2007) The mushroom family Psathyrellaceae: evidence for large-scale polyphyly of the genus Psathyrella. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 415–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.004
Patrick, W.W. Jr (1979) Comparative morphology and taxonomic disposition of ebulbosus, quadrifidus, and variegatus in the genus Coprinus (Agaricales). Mycotaxon 10 (1): 142–154.
Peck, C.H. (1873) Descriptions of new species of fungi. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 1: 41–72. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58612
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