Abstract
Based on evidence from morphology, micromorphology of the abaxial leaf epidermis and phylogenetic analysis by using complete chloroplast genome data, it was found that Indocalamus chongzhouensis is conspecific with I. emeiensis, and should be synonymized with the latter. An updated description, illustrations, and a distribution map are also provided.
References
<p>Attigala, L., Wysocki, W.P., Duvall, M.R., Clark, L.G. (2016) Phylogenetic estimation and morphological evolution of Arundinarieae (Bambusoideae: Poaceae) based on plastome phylogenomic analysis. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 101: 111–121. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.008</p>
<p>Bankevich, A., Nurk, S., Antipov, D., Gurevich, A.A., Dvorkin, M., Kulikov, A.S., Lesin, V.M., Nikolenko, S.I., Pham, S. & Prjibelski, A.D. (2012) SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing.<em> Journal of Computational Biology</em> 19 (5): 455–477. https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2012.0021</p>
<p>Chao, Q.S. & Chu, Z.D. (1981) New taxa and combinations of Bambusoideae in China.<em> Journal of Nanjing Technological College of Forest Products</em> 3: 33–44.</p>
<p>Chao, Q.S., Chu, Z.D. & Hsiung, W.Y. (1980) A revision of some genera and species of Chinese bamboos. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 18 (1): 24–26.</p>
<p>Chen, X.Y., Hu, C.H., Yu, F.G. & Ruan, J.P. (1993) Micromorphology of leaf epidermis of <em>Chimonobambusa</em> (Bambusoideae, Gramineae). <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 31 (3): 227–235.</p>
<p>Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R. & Posada, D. (2012) jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing <em>Nature Methods</em> 9: 772. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109</p>
<p>Ellis, R.P. (1979) A procedure for standardizing comparative leaf anatomy in the Poaceae. II The epidermis as seen in surface view. <em>Bothalia</em> 12: 641–671. https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v12i4.1441</p>
<p>Franchet, M.A. (1893) <em>Fargesia</em>, nouveau genre de Bambuseés de la Chine. <em>Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris </em>2: 1067–1069.</p>
<p>Gao, L.Q., Li, Y.L., Zhang, W.G. & Yang, G.Y. (2021) The complete chloroplast genome of <em>Phyllostachys edulis</em> f. <em>curviculmis</em> (Bambusoideae): a newly ornamental bamboo endemic to China. <em>Mitochondrial DNA Part B</em> 6 (3): 941–942. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2021.1888663</p>
<p>Guo, C., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2019) Phylogenomic analyses reveal intractable evolutionary history of a temperate bamboo genus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). <em>Plant Diversit</em>y 41: 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2019.05.003</p>
<p>Guo, C., Ma, P.F., Yang, G.Q., Ye, X.Y., Guo, Y., Liu, J.X., Liu, Y.L., Deren, A.R., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2021) Parallel ddRAD and Genome Skimming Analyses Reveal a Radiative and Reticulate Evolutionary History of the Temperate Bamboos. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 70 (4): 756–773. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa076</p>
<p>Hatusima, S. (1967) A new bamboo from southern Kyûsyû. <em>The Journal of Geobotany</em> 15 (4): 86–87.</p>
<p>Chia, L.Z. & Fung, X.L. (1980) On the validity of the genera <em>Sinocalamus</em> McClure and <em>Lingnania</em> McClure. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica </em>18 (2): 211–216.</p>
<p>Keng, P.C. (1957) One new genus and two new species of Chinese bamboos. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 6 (4): 355–360.</p>
<p>Keng, P.C. & Hsueh, J.R. (1982) <em>Ferrocalamus</em> Hsueh & Keng f., a new bamboo genus in China. <em>Journal of Bamboo Research</em> 2 (1): 1–5.</p>
<p>Keng, Y.L. (1959) <em>Flora Illustrata Plantarum Primarum Sinicarum</em> (<em>Gramineae</em>), Version 1. Beijing: Science Press, pp. 13–21. [In Chinese]</p>
<p>Leandro, T.D., Scatena, V.L. & Clark, L.G. (2019) Comparative leaf blade anatomy and micromorphology in the systematics and phylogeny of Bambusoideae (Poaceae: Poales). <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society </em>192 (1): 165–183. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz074</p>
<p>Ma, P.F., Vorontsova, M.S., Nanjarisoa, O.P., Razanatsoa, J., Guo, Z.H., Haevermans, T. & Li, D.Z. (2017) Negative correlation between rates of molecular evolution and flowering cycles in temperate woody bamboos revealed by plastid phylogenomics. <em>BMC Plant Biology</em> 17 (1): 260–275. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-017-1199-8</p>
<p>Ma, P.F., Zhang, Y.X., Zeng, C.X., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2014) Chloroplast phylogenomic analyses resolve deep-level relationships of an intractable bamboo tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae). <em>Systematic Biology</em> 63: 933–950. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syu054</p>
<p>McClure, F.A. (1941) On some new and imperfectly known species of Chinese bamboos. <em>Sunyatsenia</em> 6: 32–35.</p>
<p>Munro, W. (1868) A monograph of the Bambusaceae, including descriptions of all the species. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society of London</em> 26 (1): 152–153.</p>
<p>Murray, M.G. & Thompson, W.F. (1980) Rapid isolation of high weight plant DNA. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 19 (8): 4321–4326. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321</p>
<p>Nakai, T. (1925) Two new genera of Bambusaceae, with special remarks on the related genera growing in eastern Asia. <em>Journal of the Arnold Arboretum</em> 6: 145–153.</p>
<p>Nguyen, L.T, Schmidt, H.A, Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2014) IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. <em>Molecular Biology Evolution </em>32 (1): 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300</p>
<p>Qin, Q.M., Tong, Y.H., Zheng, X.R., Ni, J.B. & Xia, N.H. (2020) <em>Sinosasa</em> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new genus from China. <em>Taxon</em> 70 (1): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12422</p>
<p>Rendle, A.B. (1904) Gramineae. <em>Journal of the Linnean Society</em>. <em>Botany</em> 36: 437–438.</p>
<p>Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 19 (12): 1572–1574. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180</p>
<p>Shi, L.C., Chen, H.M., Jiang, M., Wang, L.J., Wu, X., Huang, L.F. & Liu, C. (2019) CPGAVAS2, an integrated plastome sequence annotator and analyzer. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 47 (W1): W65–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz345</p>
<p>Siebold, P.F. & Zuccarini, J.G. (1843) Plantarum quas in Japonia Collegit Dr. Ph. Fr. de Siebold Genera Nova, notis characteristicis delinaeationibusque illustrata proponunt. <em>Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften</em> 3 (3): 745–746.</p>
<p>Soderstrom, T.R. & Calderón, Cleofé E. (1978) The species of <em>Chusquea</em> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) with verticillate buds. <em>Brittonia</em> 30 (2): 156–158.</p>
<p>Stapleton, C.M.A. (2004) <em>Sarocalamus</em>, a new Sino-Himalayan bamboo genus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). <em>Novon</em> 14 (3): 346–347.</p>
<p>Stapleton, C.M.A. (2006) New taxa and combinations in cultivated bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) <em>Sida</em> 22 (1): 332.</p>
<p>Wang, Z.P. & Stapleton, C. (2006) <em>Indocalamus</em>.<em> In: </em>Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vol. 22. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, pp. 135–143.</p>
<p>Wen, T.H. (1982) A new genus and some new species of Bambusoideae from China. <em>Journal of Bamboo Research</em> 1 (1): 20–45.</p>
<p>Yang, B.M. (1981) A new species of <em>Indocalamus</em> from Hunan. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 19 (2): 259–260.</p>
<p>Yang, Y.L. (1987) A revision of the genus<em> Indocalamus</em> of Bambusoideae from the world (Ⅰ). <em>Journal of Nanjing University</em> (<em>Natural Sciences Edition</em>) 23 (3): 453–462.</p>
<p>Yang, Y.L. (1993) The endemic genus of China: geographical distribution of <em>Indocalamus</em> Nakai. <em>Journal of Plant Resources and Environment</em> 2 (1): 41–44.</p>
<p>Yi, T.P., Shi, J.Y., Ma, L.S., Yang, L. & Wang, H.T. (2007) <em>Indocalamus jingpingensis </em>T. P. Yi & J. Y. Shi, a new species of the Gramineae from South Yunnan, China. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomic Sinica </em>45 (5): 693–695.</p>
<p>Yi, T.P., Shi, J.Y., Ma, L.S., Wang, H.T. & Yang, L. (2008) <em>Iconogra phia Bambusoidearum Sinicarum</em>. Beijing: Science Press.</p>
<p>Yi, T.P. & Yang, L. (2004) A new species of <em>Indocalamus</em> Nakai from western Sichuan of China. <em>Journal of Bamboo Research</em> 23: 13–15.</p>
<p>Zhang, X.Z., Zeng, C.X., Ma, P.F., Haevermans, T., Zhang, Y.X., Zhang, L.N., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2016) Multi-locus plastid phylogenetic biogeography supports the Asian hypothesis of the temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 96: 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.11.025</p>
<p>Zhou, Y., Zhang, Y.Q., Hou, X.Q., Huang, L., Kang, J.Q., Zhang, J.Q. & Ren, Y. (2019) Phylogeny of <em>Fargesia</em> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and infrageneric adaptive divergence inferred from three cpDNA and nrITS sequence data. <em>Plant Systematics and Evolution</em> 305: 61–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-018-1551-y</p>
<p>Zhang, Y.X., Guo, C. & Li, D.Z. (2020) A new subtribal classification of Arundinarieae (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) with the description of a new genus. <em>Plant Diversity </em>42 (3): 127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2020.03.004</p>
<p>Zhang, Y.X., Zeng, C.X. & Li, D.Z. (2014) Scanning electron microscopy of the leaf epidermis in Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae): evolutionary implications of selected micromorphological features. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 176 (1): 46–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12192</p>
<p>Zhao, H.R. & Yang, Y.L. (1996) Bambusoideae.<em> In: </em>Keng, P.C. & Wang, Z.P. (Eds.) <em>Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae</em>, vol. 9 (1). Beijing: Science Press, pp. 676–704.</p>
<p>Bankevich, A., Nurk, S., Antipov, D., Gurevich, A.A., Dvorkin, M., Kulikov, A.S., Lesin, V.M., Nikolenko, S.I., Pham, S. & Prjibelski, A.D. (2012) SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing.<em> Journal of Computational Biology</em> 19 (5): 455–477. https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2012.0021</p>
<p>Chao, Q.S. & Chu, Z.D. (1981) New taxa and combinations of Bambusoideae in China.<em> Journal of Nanjing Technological College of Forest Products</em> 3: 33–44.</p>
<p>Chao, Q.S., Chu, Z.D. & Hsiung, W.Y. (1980) A revision of some genera and species of Chinese bamboos. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 18 (1): 24–26.</p>
<p>Chen, X.Y., Hu, C.H., Yu, F.G. & Ruan, J.P. (1993) Micromorphology of leaf epidermis of <em>Chimonobambusa</em> (Bambusoideae, Gramineae). <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 31 (3): 227–235.</p>
<p>Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R. & Posada, D. (2012) jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing <em>Nature Methods</em> 9: 772. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109</p>
<p>Ellis, R.P. (1979) A procedure for standardizing comparative leaf anatomy in the Poaceae. II The epidermis as seen in surface view. <em>Bothalia</em> 12: 641–671. https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v12i4.1441</p>
<p>Franchet, M.A. (1893) <em>Fargesia</em>, nouveau genre de Bambuseés de la Chine. <em>Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris </em>2: 1067–1069.</p>
<p>Gao, L.Q., Li, Y.L., Zhang, W.G. & Yang, G.Y. (2021) The complete chloroplast genome of <em>Phyllostachys edulis</em> f. <em>curviculmis</em> (Bambusoideae): a newly ornamental bamboo endemic to China. <em>Mitochondrial DNA Part B</em> 6 (3): 941–942. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2021.1888663</p>
<p>Guo, C., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2019) Phylogenomic analyses reveal intractable evolutionary history of a temperate bamboo genus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). <em>Plant Diversit</em>y 41: 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2019.05.003</p>
<p>Guo, C., Ma, P.F., Yang, G.Q., Ye, X.Y., Guo, Y., Liu, J.X., Liu, Y.L., Deren, A.R., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2021) Parallel ddRAD and Genome Skimming Analyses Reveal a Radiative and Reticulate Evolutionary History of the Temperate Bamboos. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 70 (4): 756–773. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa076</p>
<p>Hatusima, S. (1967) A new bamboo from southern Kyûsyû. <em>The Journal of Geobotany</em> 15 (4): 86–87.</p>
<p>Chia, L.Z. & Fung, X.L. (1980) On the validity of the genera <em>Sinocalamus</em> McClure and <em>Lingnania</em> McClure. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica </em>18 (2): 211–216.</p>
<p>Keng, P.C. (1957) One new genus and two new species of Chinese bamboos. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 6 (4): 355–360.</p>
<p>Keng, P.C. & Hsueh, J.R. (1982) <em>Ferrocalamus</em> Hsueh & Keng f., a new bamboo genus in China. <em>Journal of Bamboo Research</em> 2 (1): 1–5.</p>
<p>Keng, Y.L. (1959) <em>Flora Illustrata Plantarum Primarum Sinicarum</em> (<em>Gramineae</em>), Version 1. Beijing: Science Press, pp. 13–21. [In Chinese]</p>
<p>Leandro, T.D., Scatena, V.L. & Clark, L.G. (2019) Comparative leaf blade anatomy and micromorphology in the systematics and phylogeny of Bambusoideae (Poaceae: Poales). <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society </em>192 (1): 165–183. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz074</p>
<p>Ma, P.F., Vorontsova, M.S., Nanjarisoa, O.P., Razanatsoa, J., Guo, Z.H., Haevermans, T. & Li, D.Z. (2017) Negative correlation between rates of molecular evolution and flowering cycles in temperate woody bamboos revealed by plastid phylogenomics. <em>BMC Plant Biology</em> 17 (1): 260–275. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-017-1199-8</p>
<p>Ma, P.F., Zhang, Y.X., Zeng, C.X., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2014) Chloroplast phylogenomic analyses resolve deep-level relationships of an intractable bamboo tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae). <em>Systematic Biology</em> 63: 933–950. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syu054</p>
<p>McClure, F.A. (1941) On some new and imperfectly known species of Chinese bamboos. <em>Sunyatsenia</em> 6: 32–35.</p>
<p>Munro, W. (1868) A monograph of the Bambusaceae, including descriptions of all the species. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society of London</em> 26 (1): 152–153.</p>
<p>Murray, M.G. & Thompson, W.F. (1980) Rapid isolation of high weight plant DNA. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 19 (8): 4321–4326. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321</p>
<p>Nakai, T. (1925) Two new genera of Bambusaceae, with special remarks on the related genera growing in eastern Asia. <em>Journal of the Arnold Arboretum</em> 6: 145–153.</p>
<p>Nguyen, L.T, Schmidt, H.A, Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2014) IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. <em>Molecular Biology Evolution </em>32 (1): 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300</p>
<p>Qin, Q.M., Tong, Y.H., Zheng, X.R., Ni, J.B. & Xia, N.H. (2020) <em>Sinosasa</em> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new genus from China. <em>Taxon</em> 70 (1): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12422</p>
<p>Rendle, A.B. (1904) Gramineae. <em>Journal of the Linnean Society</em>. <em>Botany</em> 36: 437–438.</p>
<p>Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 19 (12): 1572–1574. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180</p>
<p>Shi, L.C., Chen, H.M., Jiang, M., Wang, L.J., Wu, X., Huang, L.F. & Liu, C. (2019) CPGAVAS2, an integrated plastome sequence annotator and analyzer. <em>Nucleic Acids Research</em> 47 (W1): W65–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz345</p>
<p>Siebold, P.F. & Zuccarini, J.G. (1843) Plantarum quas in Japonia Collegit Dr. Ph. Fr. de Siebold Genera Nova, notis characteristicis delinaeationibusque illustrata proponunt. <em>Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften</em> 3 (3): 745–746.</p>
<p>Soderstrom, T.R. & Calderón, Cleofé E. (1978) The species of <em>Chusquea</em> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) with verticillate buds. <em>Brittonia</em> 30 (2): 156–158.</p>
<p>Stapleton, C.M.A. (2004) <em>Sarocalamus</em>, a new Sino-Himalayan bamboo genus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). <em>Novon</em> 14 (3): 346–347.</p>
<p>Stapleton, C.M.A. (2006) New taxa and combinations in cultivated bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) <em>Sida</em> 22 (1): 332.</p>
<p>Wang, Z.P. & Stapleton, C. (2006) <em>Indocalamus</em>.<em> In: </em>Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (Eds.) <em>Flora of China</em>, vol. 22. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, pp. 135–143.</p>
<p>Wen, T.H. (1982) A new genus and some new species of Bambusoideae from China. <em>Journal of Bamboo Research</em> 1 (1): 20–45.</p>
<p>Yang, B.M. (1981) A new species of <em>Indocalamus</em> from Hunan. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica</em> 19 (2): 259–260.</p>
<p>Yang, Y.L. (1987) A revision of the genus<em> Indocalamus</em> of Bambusoideae from the world (Ⅰ). <em>Journal of Nanjing University</em> (<em>Natural Sciences Edition</em>) 23 (3): 453–462.</p>
<p>Yang, Y.L. (1993) The endemic genus of China: geographical distribution of <em>Indocalamus</em> Nakai. <em>Journal of Plant Resources and Environment</em> 2 (1): 41–44.</p>
<p>Yi, T.P., Shi, J.Y., Ma, L.S., Yang, L. & Wang, H.T. (2007) <em>Indocalamus jingpingensis </em>T. P. Yi & J. Y. Shi, a new species of the Gramineae from South Yunnan, China. <em>Acta Phytotaxonomic Sinica </em>45 (5): 693–695.</p>
<p>Yi, T.P., Shi, J.Y., Ma, L.S., Wang, H.T. & Yang, L. (2008) <em>Iconogra phia Bambusoidearum Sinicarum</em>. Beijing: Science Press.</p>
<p>Yi, T.P. & Yang, L. (2004) A new species of <em>Indocalamus</em> Nakai from western Sichuan of China. <em>Journal of Bamboo Research</em> 23: 13–15.</p>
<p>Zhang, X.Z., Zeng, C.X., Ma, P.F., Haevermans, T., Zhang, Y.X., Zhang, L.N., Guo, Z.H. & Li, D.Z. (2016) Multi-locus plastid phylogenetic biogeography supports the Asian hypothesis of the temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</em> 96: 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.11.025</p>
<p>Zhou, Y., Zhang, Y.Q., Hou, X.Q., Huang, L., Kang, J.Q., Zhang, J.Q. & Ren, Y. (2019) Phylogeny of <em>Fargesia</em> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and infrageneric adaptive divergence inferred from three cpDNA and nrITS sequence data. <em>Plant Systematics and Evolution</em> 305: 61–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-018-1551-y</p>
<p>Zhang, Y.X., Guo, C. & Li, D.Z. (2020) A new subtribal classification of Arundinarieae (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) with the description of a new genus. <em>Plant Diversity </em>42 (3): 127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2020.03.004</p>
<p>Zhang, Y.X., Zeng, C.X. & Li, D.Z. (2014) Scanning electron microscopy of the leaf epidermis in Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae): evolutionary implications of selected micromorphological features. <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 176 (1): 46–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12192</p>
<p>Zhao, H.R. & Yang, Y.L. (1996) Bambusoideae.<em> In: </em>Keng, P.C. & Wang, Z.P. (Eds.) <em>Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae</em>, vol. 9 (1). Beijing: Science Press, pp. 676–704.</p>