Abstract
Acantholimon akaydinii, from Darende district of Malatya Province in eastern Anatolia (Turkey) is described as a new species based on morphological evidence. It resembles the recently described A. ibrahimii but can be readily distinguished by several morphological characters including longer, much-branched scapes and paniculate inflorescence, shorter scales, shorter spikelets, shorter calyx, and pink petals, among others. Diagnostic morphological characters, a full description, a revised key to the Turkish Acantholimon species of A. sect. Staticopsis with laxly distichous spikes, and scape much longer than leaves, as well as detailed illustrations are provided. Furthermore, the IUCN Red List category of the new species is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) due to its limited distribution and true agricultural pressure.
References
<p>Akaydın, G. (2018) <em>Acantholimon ibrahimii</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a new species of <em>A</em>. section <em>Staticopsis</em> from the Mediterranean part of Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 340: 48–54. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.340.1.2</p>
<p>Akaydın, G. & Crespo, M.B. (2018) <em>Acantholimon davisii</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a new specific name for the Turkish endemic<em> A. caryophyllaceum</em> subsp. <em>parviflorum</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 334: 80–82. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.13</p>
<p>Bağcı, Y., Doğu, S. & Akaydın, G. (2009) <em>Acantholimon doganii</em> sp. nov. (Plumbaginaceae) with persistent circinnate leaf bases, a new species from Turkey.<em> Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 27: 228–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2008.00390.x</p>
<p>Bokhari, M.H. & Edmondson, J.R. (1982) <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss.<em> In: </em>Davis, P.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands</em>, vol. 7. Edinburgh University Press, pp. 478–502.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1842) Plantae aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Botanique</em>, Sér. 2 17: 150–205.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1846) <em>Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum</em>, 2 (7–13). Apud B. Herrmann.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1879) <em>Flora Orientalis</em>, 4 (2). H. Georg, Genevae, pp. 823–854.</p>
<p>Bunge, A. (1872) Die Gattung <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss. [Mémoires de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, ser. VII, 18 (1)]. Commissionaries de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences, St.-Pétersbourg, 72 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.41374</p>
<p>Davis, P.H. (1971) Distribution patterns in Anatolia with particular reference to endemism.<em> In: </em>Davis, P.H., Harper, P.C. & Hedge, I.C. (Eds.) <em>Plant Life of South-West Asia</em>. Edinburgh: Botanical Society of Edinburgh. pp. 15–27.</p>
<p>Doğan, M. & Akaydin, G. (2007) Synopsis of Turkish <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae). <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London</em> 154: 397–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00663.x</p>
<p>Ekim, T. & Güner, A. (1986) The Anatolian diagonal: fact or fiction? <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B, Biological Sciences</em> 89: 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000008915</p>
<p>Ekşi, G. & Yıldırım, H. (2019) <em>Allium yamadagensis</em> (Amaryllidaceae) a new species from Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 400: 31–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.400.1.4</p>
<p>Gür, H. (2016) The Anatolian diagonal revisited: Testing the ecological basis of a biogeographic boundary. <em>Zoology in the Middle East</em> 62: 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2016.1226544</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria, ver. 14. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines publications-links (accessed 9 November 2021)</p>
<p>İğci, B.K., Körüklü, S.T. & Aytaç, Z. (2017) <em>Acantholimon gemicianum</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a new species from Turkey. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 54: 83–88. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.054.0312</p>
<p>Karakuş, Ş. (2016) <em>Malatya İli Florası, </em>İ<em>nönü Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü</em>. Ph. D Thesis [in Turkish], 383 pp.</p>
<p>Karakuş, Ş. & Mutlu, B. (2019) <em>Allium dönmezii</em>, a new species of <em>Allium </em>sect. Melanocrommyum (Amaryllidaceae) from Turkey: morphological and molecular evidence. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 411 (3): 194–204. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.411.3.3</p>
<p>Kültür, Ş., Bona, M. & Nath, E.Ö. (2016) A new species of <em>Centaurea</em> (Asteraceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 247: 85–91. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.247.1.6</p>
<p>Linczevski, I.A. (1952) <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss.<em> In: </em>Shishkin, B.K. & Bobrov, E.G. (Eds.) <em>Flora SSSR</em>, vol. 18. Botanicheski Institut L.V. Komarova Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskva-Leningrad, pp. 301–372 [Translated into English in 1967 by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, pp. 221–275].</p>
<p>Mobayen, S. (1964) <em>Revision taxonomique du genre </em>Acantholimon. Imprimèrie Économiste, Téhéran, 336 pp.</p>
<p>Mutlu, B. & Karakuş, Ş. (2012) A new species of <em>Ornithogalum</em> (Hyacinthaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 36: 125–133. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1404-28</p>
<p>Mutlu, B. & Karakuş, Ş. (2015) A new species of <em>Sisymbrium</em> (Brassicaceae) from Turkey: morphological and molecular evidence. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 39: 325–333. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1404-28</p>
<p>Muvaffak, A., Dogan, M. & Bilgin, C.C. (2001) A numerical taxonomic study of the genus <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) in Ankara Province (Turkey). <em>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences</em> 49: 298–300. https://doi.org/10.1560/RBTG-HDDJ-MQMU-J3LQ</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B. & Mummenhoff, K. (2020) Phylogenetic and biogeographical history confirm the Anatolian origin of <em>Bornmuellera</em> (Brassicaceae) and clade divergence between Anatolia and the Balkans in the Plio-Pleistocene transition. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 44: 593–603. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-2007-42</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B, Özgişi, K., Perktaş, U. & Gür, H. (2020) The Quaternary range dynamics of <em>Noccaea iberidea</em> (Brassicaceae) as a typical representative of subalpine/alpine steppe communities of Anatolian mountains.<em> Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 131: 986–1001. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa147</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B., Karacaoğlu, Ç., Akaydın, G., Erik, S., Mummenhoff, K. & Sağlam, İ.K. (2021) Ecological specialization promotes diversity and diversification in the Eastern Mediterranean genus <em>Ricotia</em> (Brassicaceae). <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em>. [13 pp] https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12749</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B., Yıldırım, H. (2019) <em>Heldreichia bupleurifolia</em> subsp. <em>malatyana</em> (Brassicaceae): A new Subspecies from Eastern Anatolia.<em> Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi</em> 6 (3): 1–8.</p>
<p>Rechinger, K.H. & Schiman-Czeika, H. (1974) <em>Flora Iranica: Plumbaginaceae</em>, vol. 108. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz,158 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2017) [continuously updated] <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium</em>. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 20 October 2021)</p>
<p>Yeşil, Y., Yıldırım, H. & Akalın, E. (2017) <em>Pimpinella enguezekensis</em> (Apiaceae), a new species from East Anatolia Region (Turkey). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 289 (3): 237–246. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.3</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Şenol, S.G. (2014a) <em>Campanula alisan-kilincii</em> (Campanulaceae), a new species from eastern Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 38: 22–30. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1302-17</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Şenol, S.G. (2014b) <em>Alkanna malatyana</em> (Boraginaceae), a new species from East Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 164: 124–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.164.2.6</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Şenol, S.G (2014) <em>Reseda malatyana</em> (Resedaceae), a new chasmophytic species from eastern Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 38: 1013–1021. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1311-19</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Crespo, M.B. (2014) <em>Acantholimon riyatguelii</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a threatened new unarmed species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 175: 73–84. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.175.2.2</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. (2015a) <em>Muscari atillae</em> (Asparagaceae): a new species from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 213 (3): 291–295. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.9</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. (2015b) <em>Parietaria semispeluncaria</em> (Urticaceae), a new species from eastern Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 226 (3): 281–287. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.226.3.9</p>
<p>Akaydın, G. & Crespo, M.B. (2018) <em>Acantholimon davisii</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a new specific name for the Turkish endemic<em> A. caryophyllaceum</em> subsp. <em>parviflorum</em>. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 334: 80–82. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.13</p>
<p>Bağcı, Y., Doğu, S. & Akaydın, G. (2009) <em>Acantholimon doganii</em> sp. nov. (Plumbaginaceae) with persistent circinnate leaf bases, a new species from Turkey.<em> Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 27: 228–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2008.00390.x</p>
<p>Bokhari, M.H. & Edmondson, J.R. (1982) <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss.<em> In: </em>Davis, P.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands</em>, vol. 7. Edinburgh University Press, pp. 478–502.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1842) Plantae aucherianae orientales enumeratae, cum novarum specierum descriptione. <em>Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Botanique</em>, Sér. 2 17: 150–205.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1846) <em>Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum</em>, 2 (7–13). Apud B. Herrmann.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1879) <em>Flora Orientalis</em>, 4 (2). H. Georg, Genevae, pp. 823–854.</p>
<p>Bunge, A. (1872) Die Gattung <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss. [Mémoires de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, ser. VII, 18 (1)]. Commissionaries de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences, St.-Pétersbourg, 72 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.41374</p>
<p>Davis, P.H. (1971) Distribution patterns in Anatolia with particular reference to endemism.<em> In: </em>Davis, P.H., Harper, P.C. & Hedge, I.C. (Eds.) <em>Plant Life of South-West Asia</em>. Edinburgh: Botanical Society of Edinburgh. pp. 15–27.</p>
<p>Doğan, M. & Akaydin, G. (2007) Synopsis of Turkish <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae). <em>Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London</em> 154: 397–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00663.x</p>
<p>Ekim, T. & Güner, A. (1986) The Anatolian diagonal: fact or fiction? <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B, Biological Sciences</em> 89: 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000008915</p>
<p>Ekşi, G. & Yıldırım, H. (2019) <em>Allium yamadagensis</em> (Amaryllidaceae) a new species from Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 400: 31–36. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.400.1.4</p>
<p>Gür, H. (2016) The Anatolian diagonal revisited: Testing the ecological basis of a biogeographic boundary. <em>Zoology in the Middle East</em> 62: 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2016.1226544</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria, ver. 14. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines publications-links (accessed 9 November 2021)</p>
<p>İğci, B.K., Körüklü, S.T. & Aytaç, Z. (2017) <em>Acantholimon gemicianum</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a new species from Turkey. <em>Annales Botanici Fennici</em> 54: 83–88. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.054.0312</p>
<p>Karakuş, Ş. (2016) <em>Malatya İli Florası, </em>İ<em>nönü Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü</em>. Ph. D Thesis [in Turkish], 383 pp.</p>
<p>Karakuş, Ş. & Mutlu, B. (2019) <em>Allium dönmezii</em>, a new species of <em>Allium </em>sect. Melanocrommyum (Amaryllidaceae) from Turkey: morphological and molecular evidence. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 411 (3): 194–204. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.411.3.3</p>
<p>Kültür, Ş., Bona, M. & Nath, E.Ö. (2016) A new species of <em>Centaurea</em> (Asteraceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 247: 85–91. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.247.1.6</p>
<p>Linczevski, I.A. (1952) <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss.<em> In: </em>Shishkin, B.K. & Bobrov, E.G. (Eds.) <em>Flora SSSR</em>, vol. 18. Botanicheski Institut L.V. Komarova Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskva-Leningrad, pp. 301–372 [Translated into English in 1967 by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, pp. 221–275].</p>
<p>Mobayen, S. (1964) <em>Revision taxonomique du genre </em>Acantholimon. Imprimèrie Économiste, Téhéran, 336 pp.</p>
<p>Mutlu, B. & Karakuş, Ş. (2012) A new species of <em>Ornithogalum</em> (Hyacinthaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 36: 125–133. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1404-28</p>
<p>Mutlu, B. & Karakuş, Ş. (2015) A new species of <em>Sisymbrium</em> (Brassicaceae) from Turkey: morphological and molecular evidence. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 39: 325–333. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1404-28</p>
<p>Muvaffak, A., Dogan, M. & Bilgin, C.C. (2001) A numerical taxonomic study of the genus <em>Acantholimon</em> Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) in Ankara Province (Turkey). <em>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences</em> 49: 298–300. https://doi.org/10.1560/RBTG-HDDJ-MQMU-J3LQ</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B. & Mummenhoff, K. (2020) Phylogenetic and biogeographical history confirm the Anatolian origin of <em>Bornmuellera</em> (Brassicaceae) and clade divergence between Anatolia and the Balkans in the Plio-Pleistocene transition. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 44: 593–603. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-2007-42</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B, Özgişi, K., Perktaş, U. & Gür, H. (2020) The Quaternary range dynamics of <em>Noccaea iberidea</em> (Brassicaceae) as a typical representative of subalpine/alpine steppe communities of Anatolian mountains.<em> Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</em> 131: 986–1001. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa147</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B., Karacaoğlu, Ç., Akaydın, G., Erik, S., Mummenhoff, K. & Sağlam, İ.K. (2021) Ecological specialization promotes diversity and diversification in the Eastern Mediterranean genus <em>Ricotia</em> (Brassicaceae). <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em>. [13 pp] https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12749</p>
<p>Özüdoğru, B., Yıldırım, H. (2019) <em>Heldreichia bupleurifolia</em> subsp. <em>malatyana</em> (Brassicaceae): A new Subspecies from Eastern Anatolia.<em> Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi</em> 6 (3): 1–8.</p>
<p>Rechinger, K.H. & Schiman-Czeika, H. (1974) <em>Flora Iranica: Plumbaginaceae</em>, vol. 108. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz,158 pp.</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2017) [continuously updated] <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium</em>. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 20 October 2021)</p>
<p>Yeşil, Y., Yıldırım, H. & Akalın, E. (2017) <em>Pimpinella enguezekensis</em> (Apiaceae), a new species from East Anatolia Region (Turkey). <em>Phytotaxa</em> 289 (3): 237–246. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.3.3</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Şenol, S.G. (2014a) <em>Campanula alisan-kilincii</em> (Campanulaceae), a new species from eastern Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 38: 22–30. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1302-17</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Şenol, S.G. (2014b) <em>Alkanna malatyana</em> (Boraginaceae), a new species from East Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 164: 124–132. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.164.2.6</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Şenol, S.G (2014) <em>Reseda malatyana</em> (Resedaceae), a new chasmophytic species from eastern Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Botany</em> 38: 1013–1021. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1311-19</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. & Crespo, M.B. (2014) <em>Acantholimon riyatguelii</em> (Plumbaginaceae), a threatened new unarmed species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 175: 73–84. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.175.2.2</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. (2015a) <em>Muscari atillae</em> (Asparagaceae): a new species from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 213 (3): 291–295. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.9</p>
<p>Yıldırım, H. (2015b) <em>Parietaria semispeluncaria</em> (Urticaceae), a new species from eastern Turkey. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 226 (3): 281–287. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.226.3.9</p>