Abstract
A new species of Scutellaria (Lamiaceae), Scutellaria jishouensis G. X. Chen, L. Tan & X. M. Xiang, sp. nov from Dehang Scenic Spot, Hunan Province of China, is described and illustrated. Scutellaria jishouensis is morphologically similar to S. indica and S. calcarata, but can be easily distinguished by its creeping, spreading to erect or ascending-erect, stem with forked adventitious roots; leaves membranous, sparsely crenate or entire; racemes 1-10 cm, corolla sparsely pilose or glabrous on adaxial, glabrous inside, and flowering and fruiting in late April-June. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the nuclear ribosomal internal and external transcribed spacers, showed that S. jishouensis and S. calcarata were sister species with good support. The results of both morphological data and the phylogenetic analysis support the specific rank of S. jishouensis.
References
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<p>Zhang, D.G., Liu, Y. & Yang, Q.E. (2008) <em>Sinosenecio jishouensis </em>(Compositae), a new species from north-west Hunan, China. <em>BotanicalStudies</em> 49: 287–294. https://doi.org/1817406X-200807-49-3-287-294-a</p>
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<p>Císarová, M., Hleba, L., Tančinová, D., Florková, M. & Klouček, P. (2018) Inhibitory effect of essential oils from some Lamiaceae species on growth of Eurotium spp. isolated from bread. <em>Journal of Microbioloy, Biotechnology and Food Sciences</em> 8: 857–862 https:// doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2018.8.2.857-862</p>
<p>Deng, T., Zhang, D.G., Cheng, G.X., Zhu, G.Y. & He, H.S. (2010) Supplemental description and karyotype of <em>Aspidistra fenghuangensis</em> (Convallariaceae). <em>Guihaia </em>30: 166–169+214.</p>
<p>Du, T.T., Xiao, Y., Cheng, G.X. & Liu, Y.D. (2013) A new species of <em>Dryopteris </em>(Dryopteridaceae) from Hunan, China. <em>Life Science Research </em>17: 412–414.</p>
<p>Hall, T. A . (1999) BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment program for Windows. <em>Nucleic Acids Symposium Series</em> 41: 95–98.</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) <em>Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 14</em>. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, Cambridge U.K. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines (accessed 8 January 2022).</p>
<p>Li, D.Z., Chen, Z.R. & Wang, H. (2020) Lamiaceae Martinov (1820), nom. cons. <em>Genera and families of vascular plants from China</em>. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 2010–2055.</p>
<p>Li, S.Y. & Li, C.Y. (2016) Developmental plasticity of plant roots. <em>China Basic Science </em>18: 14–21.</p>
<p>Li, W.P. & Liu, S.X. (2002) <em>Aster jishouensis </em>(Asteraceae), a new species from Hunan, China. <em>Journal of Systematics and Evolution</em> 40: 455–457.</p>
<p>Mehalaine, S. & Chenchouni, H. (2021) New insights for the production of medicinal plant materials: ex vitro and in vitro propagation of valuable lamiaceae species from northern africa. <em>Current Plant Biology</em> 27: 100216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2021.100216</p>
<p>Paton, A. (1990) A global taxonomic investigation of Scutellaria (Labiatae). <em>Kew Bulletin</em> 45: 399–450 https://doi.org/10.2307/4110512.</p>
<p>Perrino, E.V., Valerio, F., Jallali, S., Trani, A. & Mezzapesa, G.N. (2021) Ecological and Biological Properties of <em>Satureja cuneifolia</em> Ten. and <em>Thymus spinulosus</em> Ten.: Two Wild Officinal Species of Conservation Concern in Apulia (Italy). A Preliminary Survey. <em>Plants</em> 10: 1952. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10091952</p>
<p>Rédei, G.P. (2008) CLUSTAL W (improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrixchoice). <em>Springer Netherlands</em> 4673–4680.</p>
<p>Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D.L., Darling, A., Hohna, S. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2012) MrBayes 3.2: Efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice acrossa large model space. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 61: 539–542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029</p>
<p>Seyedipour, S., Salmaki, Y. & Xiang, C.L. (2020) Molecular phylogeny of <em>Scutellaria</em> (Lamiaceae; Scutellarioideae) in Iranian highlands inferred from nrITS and trnL-F sequences.<em> Progress in Biological Sciences</em> 7: 169–181.</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies.<em> Bioinformatics</em> 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2022) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium.</em> Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 8 January 2022).</p>
<p>Vaidya, G., Lohman, D.J. & Meier, R. (2011) Sequence matrix: concatenation software for the fast assembly of multi-gene datasets with character set and codon information. <em>Cladistics </em>27: 171–180. https://doi.org / 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00329.x</p>
<p>Valerio, F., Mezzapesa, G.N., Ghannouchi, A., Mondelli, D., Logrieco, A.F. & Perrino, E.V. (2021) Characterization and antimicrobial properties of essential oils from four wild taxa of Lamiaceae family growing in Apulia. <em>Agronomy</em> 11: 1431. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071431</p>
<p>Wang, X.W. & Xue, Z.W. (1984) A new species of <em>Scutellaria</em> from Anwei province. <em>Guihaia</em> 4: 201–202.</p>
<p>Xiang, X.M., Tan, L., Liu, B. & Cheng, G.X. (2020a) Study and prospect of plant diversity in Dehang Scenic area of Hunan province. <em>Journal of Jishou University (Natural Sciences Edition)</em> 41: 45–51.</p>
<p>Xiang, X.M., Wang, B.Z., Zhang, J.Y., Zhang, D.G. & Cheng, G.X. (2020b) <em>Quercus dehangensis</em> : a new species of <em>Quercus</em> (Fagaceae) from Hunan Province, China. <em>Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica </em>40: 1778–1783. https:// doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.182.71063</p>
<p>Xu, L.L., Wang, H., Gao, P.P., Wu, S.Q. & Yang, Z.L. (2020) Effects of environmental stress on plant root morphology. <em>Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences </em>48: 16–19.</p>
<p>Zhang, D.G., Liu, Y. & Yang, Q.E. (2008) <em>Sinosenecio jishouensis </em>(Compositae), a new species from north-west Hunan, China. <em>BotanicalStudies</em> 49: 287–294. https://doi.org/1817406X-200807-49-3-287-294-a</p>
<p>Zhao, F., Liu, E.D., Peng, H. & Xiang, C.L. (2017) A new species of <em>Scutellaria </em>(Scutellarioideae, Lamiaceae) from Sichuan Province in southwest China. <em>PeerJ</em> 5: e3624. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3624</p>