Abstract
Microfungi associated with palm are a significant fungal group with a unique ecological niche and a broad distribution in tropical regions. Even though many fungal species have been reported from palm hosts, studies on fungi from Arenga tremula are considerably few. In this study, we isolated a saprobic Botryosphaeriaceae species on A. tremula, collected from Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), small subunit nuclear rRNA gene (SSU),part of the large subunit nuclear rRNA gene (LSU) and translation elongation factor 1−alpha gene (tef 1-α). Based on phylogenetic results and morphology we introduced Neodeightonia arengae sp. nov., with species description and illustrations. In addition, we provide a comparison of morphological characters of currently accepted Neodeightonia species. This is the first report of a Neodeightonia species associated with Arenga tremula and so represents an additional contribution to the knowledge of fungi associated with palm trees.
References
<p>Adamčík, S., Cai, L., Chakraborty, D., Chen, X.H., Cotter, H.V.T., Dai, D.Q., Dai, Y.C., Das, K., Deng, C.Y., Masoomeh, G.N., Hyde, K.D., Langer, E., Latha, K.P.D., Liu, F., Liu, S.L., Liu, T.T., Wei, L.V., Shu-Xia, LV, Machado, A.R., Pinho, D.B., Pereira, O.L., Prasher, I.B., Rosado, A.W.C., Qin, J., Qin, W.M., Verma, R.K., Wang, Q., Yang, Z.L., Yu, X.D., Zhou, L.W., Buyck, B. (2015) Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 1–10. <em>Cryptogamie, Mycologie</em> 36 (2): 121–166. https://doi.org/10.7872/crym/v36.iss2.2015.121</p>
<p>Arx, J.A.V. & Müller, E. (1975) A re-evaluation of the bitunicate Ascomycetes with keys to families and genera. <em>Studies in Mycology</em> 9: 1–159. [Baarn]</p>
<p>Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acid Symposium Series </em>41: 95–98.</p>
<p>Cai, W.Q., Wang, Z., Deng, J.Y. (2007) Occurrence status and control strategies of dangerous palm plant diseases and insect pests in Guangdong Province. <em>Hunan Forestry Science and Technology</em> 2007 (03): 48–50. [https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=HLKJ200703016&DbName=CJFQ2007]</p>
<p>Carbone, I. & Kohn, L. (1999) A method for Designing Primer Sets for Speciation Studies in Filamentous Ascomycetes. <em>Mycologia</em> 91 (3): 553–556. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761358</p>
<p>Chethana, K.W.T., Manawasinghe, I.S., Hurdeal, V.G., Bhunjun, C.S., Appadoo, M.A., Gentekaki, E., Raspé, O., Promputtha, I. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) What are fungal species and how to delineate them?. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 109: 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-021-00483-9</p>
<p>Christenhusz, M.J.M. & Byng, J.W. (2016) The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 261 (3): 201–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1</p>
<p>Dai, D.Q., Phookamsak, R., Wijayawardene, N.N., Li, W.J., Bhat, D.J., Xu, J.C., Taylor, J.E., Hyde, K.D. & Chukeatirote, E. (2016) Bambusicolous fungi. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 82 (1): 1–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0367-8</p>
<p>Fröhlich, J., Taylor, J.E. & Hyde, K.D. (2000) <em>Palm microfungi. </em>Fungal Diversity Press.</p>
<p>Gao, W., Tu, R.X., Li, H., Fang, Y.L. & Que, Q.M. (2020) In the Subtropical Monsoon Climate High-Density City, What Features of the Neighborhood Environment Matter Most for Public Health? <em>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</em> 17: 9566. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249566</p>
<p>Garcia, J.F., Lawrence, D.P., Morales-Cruz, A., Travadon, R., Minio, A., Hernandez-Martinez, R., Rolshausen, P.E., Baumgartner, K. & Cantu, D. (2021) Phylogenomics of Plant-Associated <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> Species. <em>Frontiers in microbiology</em> 12: 652802. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.652802</p>
<p>Hongsanan, S., Hyde, K.D., Phookamsak, R., Wanasinghe, D., Mckenzie, E., Sarma, V., Lücking, R., Boonmee, S., Bhat, D.J., Liu, N.G., Tennakoon, D., Pem, D., Karunarathna, A., Jiang, S.H., Jones, G., Phillips, A., Manawasinghe, I., Tibpromma, S., Jayasiri, S., Sandamali, D., Jayawardena, R.S., Wijayawardene, N.N., Ekanayaka, A.H., Jeewon, R., Lu, Y.Z., Phukhamsakda, C., Dissanayake, A.J., Zeng, X.Y., Luo, Z.L., Tian, Q., Thambugala, K.M., Dai, D.Q., Samarakoon, M.C., Chethana, K.W.T., Ertz, D., Doilom, M., Liu, J.K., Pérez Ortega, S., Suija, A., Senwanna, C., Wijesinghe, S.N., Niranjan, M., Zhang, S.N., Ariyawansa, H.A., Jiang, H.B., Zhang, J.F., Norphanphoun, C., Silva, N.I.D., Thiyagaraja, V., Zhang, H., Bezerra, J.D.P., Miranda González, R., Aptroot, A., Kashiwadani, H., Harishchandra, D., Sérusiaux, E., Abeywickrama, P.D., Bao, D.F., Devadatha, B., Wu, H.X., Moon, K.H., Gueidan, C., Schumm, F., Bundhun, D., Mapook, A., Monkai, J., Bhunjun, C.S., Chomnunti, P., Suetrong, S., Chaiwan, N., Dayarathne, M.C., Yang, J., Rathnayaka, A.R., Xu, J.C., Zheng, J.S., Liu, G., Feng, Y. & Xie, N. (2020) Refined families of Dothideomycetes: orders and families incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 104: 1–302. https ://doi.org/10.1007/s1322 5-020-00462-6</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D. (1994) Fungal from Palms. XIII. The genus Oxydothis, a revision. <em>Sydowia</em> 46: 265–314.</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D. & Cannon, P.F. (1999) Fungal Causing Tar Spots on Palms. <em>Mycological Papers</em> 175: 1–114.</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D., Taylor, J.E. & Fröhlich, J. (2000) <em>Genera of Ascomycetes from Palms.</em> Fungal Diversity Press.</p>
<p>Huelsenbeck, J.P., Ronquist, F. (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 17: 754–755. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754.</p>
<p>Jayasiri, S.C., Hyde, K.D., Ariyawansa, H.A., Bhat, J., Buyck, B., Cai, L., Dai, Y.C., AbdElsalam, K.A., Ertz, D., Hidayat, I., Jeewon, R., Jones, E.B.G., Bahkali, A.H., Karunarathna, S.C., Liu, J.K., Luangsaard, J.J., Lumbsch, H.T., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., McKenzie, E.H.C., Moncalvo, J.M., GhobadNejhad, M., Nilsson, H., Pang, K.L., Pereira, O.L., Phillips, A.J.L., Raspé, O., Rollins, A.W., Romero, A.I, Etayo, J., Selçuk, F., Stephenson, S.L., Suetrong, S., Taylor, J.E., Tsui, C.K.M., Vizzini, A., AbdelWahab, M.A., Wen, T.C., Boonmee, S., Dai, D.Q., Daranagama, D.A., Dissanayake, A.J., Ekanayaka, A.H., Fryar, S.C., Hongsanan, S., Jayawardena, R.S., Li, W.J., Perera, R.H., Phookamsak, R., de Silva, N.I., Thambugala, K.M., Tian, Q., Wijayawardene, N.N., Zhao, R.L., Zhao, Q., Kang, J.C., Promputtha, I. (2015) The Faces of Fungi database: fungal names linked with morphology, phylogeny and human impacts. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 74: 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13225-015-0351-8</p>
<p>Jayasiri, S.C., Hyde, K.D., Jones, E.B.G., McKenzie, E.H.C., Jeewon, R., Phillips, A.J.L., Bhat, D.J., Wanasinghe, D.N., Liu, J.K., Lu, Y.Z., Kang, J.C., Xu, J., Karunarathna, S.C. (2019) Diversity, morphology and molecular phylogeny of Dothideomycetes on decaying wild seed pods and fruits. <em>Mycosphere</em> 10 (1): 1–186. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/1</p>
<p>Konta, S., Hongsanan, S., Phillips, A.J.L., Jones, E.B.G., Boonmee, S., Hyde, K.D. (2016) <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> from palms in Thailand II - two new species of <em>Neodeightonia</em>, <em>N. rattanica</em> and <em>N. rattanicola</em> from Calamus (rattan palm). <em>Mycosphere</em> 7 (7): 90–961. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/6</p>
<p>Ligoxigakis, E.K., Markakis, E.A., Papaioannou, I.A., Typas, M.A. (2013) First Report of Palm Rot of <em>Phoenix</em> spp. Caused by <em>Neodeightonia phoenicum</em> in Greece. <em>Plant Disease</em> 97 (2): 286. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263040162</p>
<p>Liu, J.K., Chomnunti, P., Cai, L., Phookamsak, R., Chukeatirote, E., Jones, E.B.G., Moslem, M., Hyde, K.D. (2010) Phylogeny and morphology of <em>Neodeightonia palmicola</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> from palms. <em>Sydowia</em> 62: 261–276. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249968435]</p>
<p>Liu, J.K., Phookamsak, R., Doilom, M., Wikee, S., Li, Y.M., Ariyawansha, H., Boonmee, S., Chomnunti, P., Dai, D.Q., Bhat, J.D., Romero, A.I., Zhuang, W.Y., Monkai, J., Gareth, J.E.B., Chukeatirote, E., Thida, W.K.K, Zhao, Y.C., Wang, Y. & Hyde, K.D. (2012) Towards a natural classification of <em>Botryosphaeriales</em>. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 57 (1): 149–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0207-4</p>
<p>Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for Inference of Large Phylogenetic Trees.<em> In: Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE).</em> pp. 1–8.<em> </em>https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129</p>
<p>NSII (2017) The NSII Specimen search, version 2020, Beijing China. Available from: http://www.nsii.org.cn/2017/query.php?name=\u5e7f\u4e1c (accessed 23 May 2021).</p>
<p>Pem, D., Jeewon, R., Chethana, K.W.T. Hongsanan, S., Doilom, M., Suwannarach, N. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) Species concepts of Dothideomycetes: classification, phylogenetic inconsistencies and taxonomic standardization. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 109: 283–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-021-00485-7</p>
<p>Phillips, A.J.L., Alves, A., Pennycook, S.R., Johnston, P.R., Ramaley, A., Akulov, A. & Crous, P.W. (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em>. <em>Persoonia</em> 21: 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742</p>
<p>Phillips, A.J.L., Alves, A., Abdollahzadeh, J., Slippers, B., Wingfield, M.J., Groenewald, J.Z. & Crous, P.W. (2013) The <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em>: genera and species known from culture. <em>Studies in Mycology</em> 76 (1): 51–167. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0021</p>
<p>Pinruan, U., Rungjindamai, N., Sakayaroj, J., Lumyong, S., Hyde, K.D. & Jones, E.B.G. (2010) <em>Baipadisphaeria</em> <em>gen. nov.</em>, a freshwater ascomycete <em>Hypocreales</em>, <em>Sordariomycetes</em> from decaying palm leaves in Thailand. <em>Mycosphere </em>1 (1). [https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20198647685]</p>
<p>Punithalingam, E. (1969) <em>Studies on Sphaeropsidales in culture. </em>Commonwealth Mycological Institute.</p>
<p>Rayner RW. (1970) <em>A Mycological Colour Chart.</em> Kew, UK: Commonwealth Mycological Institute & British Mycological Society.</p>
<p>Sayan, M.S. (2001) Landscaping with Palms in the Mediterranean. <em>Palms</em> 45 (4): 171–176</p>
<p>Senanayake, I.C., Rathnayaka, A.R., Marasinghe, D.S., Calabon, M.S., Gentekaki, E., Lee, H.B., Hurdeal, V.G., Pem, D., Dissanayake, L.S., Wijesinghe, S.N., Bundhun, D., Nguyen, T.T., Goonasekara, I.D., Abeywickrama, P.D., Bhunjun, C.S., Jayawardena, R.S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Jeewon, R., Bhat, D.J., Xiang, M.M. (2020) Morphological approaches in studying fungi: collection, examination, isolation, sporulation and preservation. <em>Mycosphere</em> 11: 2678–2754. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/20</p>
<p>Slippers, B. & Wingfield, M.J. (2007) <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> as endophytes and latent pathogens of woody plants: diversity, ecology and impact. <em>Fungal Biology Reviews</em> 21 (2–3): 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2007.06.002</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. & Rougemont, J. (2008) A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 57 (5): 758–771. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802429642</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 30 (9): 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033</p>
<p>Swofford, D.L. (2003) PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony, Version 4.0 b10. Laboratory of Molecular Systematics Smithsonian Institution. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3348772 (accessed 1 September 2016)</p>
<p>Taylor, J.E. & Hyde, K.D. (2003) Microfungi of Tropical and Temperate Palms. <em>Fungal Diversity Press</em> 108 (2): 223–223. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204249668</p>
<p>Vilgalys, R. & Hester, M. (1990) Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several <em>Cryptococcus</em> species. <em>Journal of Bacteriology</em> 172: 4238–4246. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.8.4238-4246.1990</p>
<p>White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. <em>In: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. </em>Academic Press, Inc., pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</p>
<p>Wu, N., Dissanayake, A.J., Manawasinghe, I.S., Rathnayaka, A.R., Liu, J.K., Phillips, A.J.L., Promputtha, I. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) https://botryosphaeriales.org/, an online platform for up-to-date classification and account of taxa of Botryosphaeriales. Database article ID baab061. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baab06</p>
<p>Zhang, W., Groenewald, J.Z., Lombard, L., Schumacher, R.K., Phillips, A.J.L. & Crous, P.W. (2021) Evaluating species in Botryosphaeriales. <em>Persoonia</em> 46: 63–115. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.03</p>
<p>Arx, J.A.V. & Müller, E. (1975) A re-evaluation of the bitunicate Ascomycetes with keys to families and genera. <em>Studies in Mycology</em> 9: 1–159. [Baarn]</p>
<p>Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. <em>Nucleic Acid Symposium Series </em>41: 95–98.</p>
<p>Cai, W.Q., Wang, Z., Deng, J.Y. (2007) Occurrence status and control strategies of dangerous palm plant diseases and insect pests in Guangdong Province. <em>Hunan Forestry Science and Technology</em> 2007 (03): 48–50. [https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=HLKJ200703016&DbName=CJFQ2007]</p>
<p>Carbone, I. & Kohn, L. (1999) A method for Designing Primer Sets for Speciation Studies in Filamentous Ascomycetes. <em>Mycologia</em> 91 (3): 553–556. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761358</p>
<p>Chethana, K.W.T., Manawasinghe, I.S., Hurdeal, V.G., Bhunjun, C.S., Appadoo, M.A., Gentekaki, E., Raspé, O., Promputtha, I. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) What are fungal species and how to delineate them?. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 109: 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-021-00483-9</p>
<p>Christenhusz, M.J.M. & Byng, J.W. (2016) The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 261 (3): 201–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1</p>
<p>Dai, D.Q., Phookamsak, R., Wijayawardene, N.N., Li, W.J., Bhat, D.J., Xu, J.C., Taylor, J.E., Hyde, K.D. & Chukeatirote, E. (2016) Bambusicolous fungi. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 82 (1): 1–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0367-8</p>
<p>Fröhlich, J., Taylor, J.E. & Hyde, K.D. (2000) <em>Palm microfungi. </em>Fungal Diversity Press.</p>
<p>Gao, W., Tu, R.X., Li, H., Fang, Y.L. & Que, Q.M. (2020) In the Subtropical Monsoon Climate High-Density City, What Features of the Neighborhood Environment Matter Most for Public Health? <em>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</em> 17: 9566. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249566</p>
<p>Garcia, J.F., Lawrence, D.P., Morales-Cruz, A., Travadon, R., Minio, A., Hernandez-Martinez, R., Rolshausen, P.E., Baumgartner, K. & Cantu, D. (2021) Phylogenomics of Plant-Associated <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> Species. <em>Frontiers in microbiology</em> 12: 652802. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.652802</p>
<p>Hongsanan, S., Hyde, K.D., Phookamsak, R., Wanasinghe, D., Mckenzie, E., Sarma, V., Lücking, R., Boonmee, S., Bhat, D.J., Liu, N.G., Tennakoon, D., Pem, D., Karunarathna, A., Jiang, S.H., Jones, G., Phillips, A., Manawasinghe, I., Tibpromma, S., Jayasiri, S., Sandamali, D., Jayawardena, R.S., Wijayawardene, N.N., Ekanayaka, A.H., Jeewon, R., Lu, Y.Z., Phukhamsakda, C., Dissanayake, A.J., Zeng, X.Y., Luo, Z.L., Tian, Q., Thambugala, K.M., Dai, D.Q., Samarakoon, M.C., Chethana, K.W.T., Ertz, D., Doilom, M., Liu, J.K., Pérez Ortega, S., Suija, A., Senwanna, C., Wijesinghe, S.N., Niranjan, M., Zhang, S.N., Ariyawansa, H.A., Jiang, H.B., Zhang, J.F., Norphanphoun, C., Silva, N.I.D., Thiyagaraja, V., Zhang, H., Bezerra, J.D.P., Miranda González, R., Aptroot, A., Kashiwadani, H., Harishchandra, D., Sérusiaux, E., Abeywickrama, P.D., Bao, D.F., Devadatha, B., Wu, H.X., Moon, K.H., Gueidan, C., Schumm, F., Bundhun, D., Mapook, A., Monkai, J., Bhunjun, C.S., Chomnunti, P., Suetrong, S., Chaiwan, N., Dayarathne, M.C., Yang, J., Rathnayaka, A.R., Xu, J.C., Zheng, J.S., Liu, G., Feng, Y. & Xie, N. (2020) Refined families of Dothideomycetes: orders and families incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 104: 1–302. https ://doi.org/10.1007/s1322 5-020-00462-6</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D. (1994) Fungal from Palms. XIII. The genus Oxydothis, a revision. <em>Sydowia</em> 46: 265–314.</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D. & Cannon, P.F. (1999) Fungal Causing Tar Spots on Palms. <em>Mycological Papers</em> 175: 1–114.</p>
<p>Hyde, K.D., Taylor, J.E. & Fröhlich, J. (2000) <em>Genera of Ascomycetes from Palms.</em> Fungal Diversity Press.</p>
<p>Huelsenbeck, J.P., Ronquist, F. (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 17: 754–755. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754.</p>
<p>Jayasiri, S.C., Hyde, K.D., Ariyawansa, H.A., Bhat, J., Buyck, B., Cai, L., Dai, Y.C., AbdElsalam, K.A., Ertz, D., Hidayat, I., Jeewon, R., Jones, E.B.G., Bahkali, A.H., Karunarathna, S.C., Liu, J.K., Luangsaard, J.J., Lumbsch, H.T., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., McKenzie, E.H.C., Moncalvo, J.M., GhobadNejhad, M., Nilsson, H., Pang, K.L., Pereira, O.L., Phillips, A.J.L., Raspé, O., Rollins, A.W., Romero, A.I, Etayo, J., Selçuk, F., Stephenson, S.L., Suetrong, S., Taylor, J.E., Tsui, C.K.M., Vizzini, A., AbdelWahab, M.A., Wen, T.C., Boonmee, S., Dai, D.Q., Daranagama, D.A., Dissanayake, A.J., Ekanayaka, A.H., Fryar, S.C., Hongsanan, S., Jayawardena, R.S., Li, W.J., Perera, R.H., Phookamsak, R., de Silva, N.I., Thambugala, K.M., Tian, Q., Wijayawardene, N.N., Zhao, R.L., Zhao, Q., Kang, J.C., Promputtha, I. (2015) The Faces of Fungi database: fungal names linked with morphology, phylogeny and human impacts. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 74: 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13225-015-0351-8</p>
<p>Jayasiri, S.C., Hyde, K.D., Jones, E.B.G., McKenzie, E.H.C., Jeewon, R., Phillips, A.J.L., Bhat, D.J., Wanasinghe, D.N., Liu, J.K., Lu, Y.Z., Kang, J.C., Xu, J., Karunarathna, S.C. (2019) Diversity, morphology and molecular phylogeny of Dothideomycetes on decaying wild seed pods and fruits. <em>Mycosphere</em> 10 (1): 1–186. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/1</p>
<p>Konta, S., Hongsanan, S., Phillips, A.J.L., Jones, E.B.G., Boonmee, S., Hyde, K.D. (2016) <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> from palms in Thailand II - two new species of <em>Neodeightonia</em>, <em>N. rattanica</em> and <em>N. rattanicola</em> from Calamus (rattan palm). <em>Mycosphere</em> 7 (7): 90–961. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/6</p>
<p>Ligoxigakis, E.K., Markakis, E.A., Papaioannou, I.A., Typas, M.A. (2013) First Report of Palm Rot of <em>Phoenix</em> spp. Caused by <em>Neodeightonia phoenicum</em> in Greece. <em>Plant Disease</em> 97 (2): 286. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263040162</p>
<p>Liu, J.K., Chomnunti, P., Cai, L., Phookamsak, R., Chukeatirote, E., Jones, E.B.G., Moslem, M., Hyde, K.D. (2010) Phylogeny and morphology of <em>Neodeightonia palmicola</em> <em>sp. nov.</em> from palms. <em>Sydowia</em> 62: 261–276. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249968435]</p>
<p>Liu, J.K., Phookamsak, R., Doilom, M., Wikee, S., Li, Y.M., Ariyawansha, H., Boonmee, S., Chomnunti, P., Dai, D.Q., Bhat, J.D., Romero, A.I., Zhuang, W.Y., Monkai, J., Gareth, J.E.B., Chukeatirote, E., Thida, W.K.K, Zhao, Y.C., Wang, Y. & Hyde, K.D. (2012) Towards a natural classification of <em>Botryosphaeriales</em>. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 57 (1): 149–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0207-4</p>
<p>Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for Inference of Large Phylogenetic Trees.<em> In: Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE).</em> pp. 1–8.<em> </em>https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129</p>
<p>NSII (2017) The NSII Specimen search, version 2020, Beijing China. Available from: http://www.nsii.org.cn/2017/query.php?name=\u5e7f\u4e1c (accessed 23 May 2021).</p>
<p>Pem, D., Jeewon, R., Chethana, K.W.T. Hongsanan, S., Doilom, M., Suwannarach, N. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) Species concepts of Dothideomycetes: classification, phylogenetic inconsistencies and taxonomic standardization. <em>Fungal Diversity</em> 109: 283–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-021-00485-7</p>
<p>Phillips, A.J.L., Alves, A., Pennycook, S.R., Johnston, P.R., Ramaley, A., Akulov, A. & Crous, P.W. (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em>. <em>Persoonia</em> 21: 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742</p>
<p>Phillips, A.J.L., Alves, A., Abdollahzadeh, J., Slippers, B., Wingfield, M.J., Groenewald, J.Z. & Crous, P.W. (2013) The <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em>: genera and species known from culture. <em>Studies in Mycology</em> 76 (1): 51–167. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0021</p>
<p>Pinruan, U., Rungjindamai, N., Sakayaroj, J., Lumyong, S., Hyde, K.D. & Jones, E.B.G. (2010) <em>Baipadisphaeria</em> <em>gen. nov.</em>, a freshwater ascomycete <em>Hypocreales</em>, <em>Sordariomycetes</em> from decaying palm leaves in Thailand. <em>Mycosphere </em>1 (1). [https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20198647685]</p>
<p>Punithalingam, E. (1969) <em>Studies on Sphaeropsidales in culture. </em>Commonwealth Mycological Institute.</p>
<p>Rayner RW. (1970) <em>A Mycological Colour Chart.</em> Kew, UK: Commonwealth Mycological Institute & British Mycological Society.</p>
<p>Sayan, M.S. (2001) Landscaping with Palms in the Mediterranean. <em>Palms</em> 45 (4): 171–176</p>
<p>Senanayake, I.C., Rathnayaka, A.R., Marasinghe, D.S., Calabon, M.S., Gentekaki, E., Lee, H.B., Hurdeal, V.G., Pem, D., Dissanayake, L.S., Wijesinghe, S.N., Bundhun, D., Nguyen, T.T., Goonasekara, I.D., Abeywickrama, P.D., Bhunjun, C.S., Jayawardena, R.S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Jeewon, R., Bhat, D.J., Xiang, M.M. (2020) Morphological approaches in studying fungi: collection, examination, isolation, sporulation and preservation. <em>Mycosphere</em> 11: 2678–2754. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/20</p>
<p>Slippers, B. & Wingfield, M.J. (2007) <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> as endophytes and latent pathogens of woody plants: diversity, ecology and impact. <em>Fungal Biology Reviews</em> 21 (2–3): 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2007.06.002</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. & Rougemont, J. (2008) A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers. <em>Systematic Biology</em> 57 (5): 758–771. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150802429642</p>
<p>Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. <em>Bioinformatics</em> 30 (9): 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033</p>
<p>Swofford, D.L. (2003) PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony, Version 4.0 b10. Laboratory of Molecular Systematics Smithsonian Institution. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3348772 (accessed 1 September 2016)</p>
<p>Taylor, J.E. & Hyde, K.D. (2003) Microfungi of Tropical and Temperate Palms. <em>Fungal Diversity Press</em> 108 (2): 223–223. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204249668</p>
<p>Vilgalys, R. & Hester, M. (1990) Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several <em>Cryptococcus</em> species. <em>Journal of Bacteriology</em> 172: 4238–4246. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.8.4238-4246.1990</p>
<p>White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. <em>In: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. </em>Academic Press, Inc., pp. 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1</p>
<p>Wu, N., Dissanayake, A.J., Manawasinghe, I.S., Rathnayaka, A.R., Liu, J.K., Phillips, A.J.L., Promputtha, I. & Hyde, K.D. (2021) https://botryosphaeriales.org/, an online platform for up-to-date classification and account of taxa of Botryosphaeriales. Database article ID baab061. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baab06</p>
<p>Zhang, W., Groenewald, J.Z., Lombard, L., Schumacher, R.K., Phillips, A.J.L. & Crous, P.W. (2021) Evaluating species in Botryosphaeriales. <em>Persoonia</em> 46: 63–115. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.03</p>