Abstract
Croton bacupariensis, an endemic species from the coastal plain of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species shares morphological features with Croton gnaphalii, but differs mainly by the habit, indumentum of leaves and morphology of pistillate flowers. In addition; C. gnaphalii occurs all over the Pampa’s grasslands of Argentina, Uruguay and Rio Grande do Sul.
References
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Van Ee, B.W., Forster, P.I.& Berry, P.E. (2015) Phylogenetic relationships and a new sectional classification of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 28: 219–233. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB15016
Van Ee, B.W., Riina, R. & Berry, P.E. (2011) A revised infrageneric classification and molecular phylogeny of New World Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 60: 791–823. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.603013
Veloso, H.P. (1992) Manual técnico da vegetação brasileira. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 93 pp.
Vitarelli, N.C., Riina, R., Caruzo, M.B.R., Cordeiro, I., Fuertes-Aguilar, J. & Meira, R.M.S. (2015) Foliar secretory structures in Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae): diversity, anatomy and evolutionary significance. American Journal of Botany 102: 833–847. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500017
Webster, G.L., Del Arco Aguilar, M.J. & Smith, B.A. (1996) Systematic distribution of foliar trichome types in Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 121: 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00744.x
Baillon, H.E. (1864) Species Euphorbiacearum. Euphorbiacées Américaines. Première partie: Amérique austro-orientale. Adansonia 4: 257–377.
Berry, P.E., Hipp, A.L., Wurdack, K.J., Van Ee, B.W. & Riina, R. (2005) Molecular phylogenetics of the giant genus Croton and tribe Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae sensu stricto) using ITS and trnL-trnF DNA sequence data. American Journal of Botany 92: 1520–1534. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.9.1520
Burger, W. & Huft, M. (1995) Flora Costaricensis. Family No. 113 Euphorbiaceae. Fieldiana Botany, New Series 36: 1–169.
Croizat, L. (1942) Las especies sudamericanas del genero Croton, I–II. Comunicaciones Botanicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo 1: 1–4.
Falkenberg, D.B. (1999) Aspectos da flora e da vegetação secundária da restinga de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Insula 28: 1–30.
Fiaschi, P. & Pirani, J.R. (2009) Review of plant biogeographic studies in Brazil. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 47: 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2009.00046.x
Frodin, D.G. (2004) History and concepts of big plant genera. Taxon 53: 753–776. https://doi.org/10.2307/4135449
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000) World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1661 pp.
IUCN (2017) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge. Available from: http://cmsdocs. s3.amazonaws.com/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed March 2021).
Klein, R.M. (1984) Aspectos dinâmicos da vegetação do Sul do Brasil. Sellowia 36: 5–54.
Lamarck, J.B.A.P.M. de (1786) Encyclopédie Méthodique, Botanique 2 (1). Panckoucke, Paris & Plomteux, Liege, pp. 1–400.
Leite, P. & Klein, R.M. (1990) Vegetação. In: IBGE [Instituto Nacional de Geografia e Estatística] Geografia do Brasil: Região Sul 2. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 113–150.
Lima, L.R. de & Pirani, J.R. (2008) Revisão taxonômica de Croton sect. Lamprocroton (Müll.Arg.) Pax (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Biota Neotropica 8: 177–231. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032008000200018
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.
Linnaeus, C. (1759) Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, pp. 825–1384.
Müller Argoviensis, J. (1873) Euphorbiaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P. von & Eichler, A.W. (eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 11 (2). Fleischer, München, 752 pp.
Pax, F. (1890) Euphorbiaceae. In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 3 (5). Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1–119.
Radford, A.E., W.C.Dickson, R. Massey & Bell, C.R. (1974) Vascular plant systematics. Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., New York, 211 pp.
Rambo, B. (1954) História da flora do litoral Riograndense. Sellowia 6: 113–172.
Rizzini, C.T. (1992) Tratado de Fitogeografia do Brasil. Âmbito Cultural, Rio de Janeiro. 747 pp.
Seeliger, U. (1998) A flora das dunas costeiras. In: Seeliger, U., Odebrecht, C. & Castello, J.P. (eds.) Os ecossistemas costeiro e marinho do extremo sul do Brasil. Ecoscientia, Rio Grande, pp. 109–113.
Silva, O.L.M., Secco, R.S., Cordeiro, I., Caruzo, M.B.R., Külkamp, J., Orlandini, P., Medeiros, D., Martins, M.L.L., Torres, D.S.C., Farias, S.Q., Riina, R., Cordeiro, W.P.F.S., Bigio, N.C., Pereira-Silva, R.A., Santos, R.F.D., Sousa, A.A.C., Mendoza, F., J.M., Pereira, A.P.N., Carrión, J.F., Oliveira, L.S.D., Melo, A.L., Esser, H.-J., Rossine, Y., Pscheidt, A.C., Lima, L.R., Maya-Lastra., C.A., Muniz Filho, E., Valduga, E., Athiê-Souza, S.M., Oliveira, J.C.P., Mendes, J.C.R., Gama, B.R.A., Silva, D.F., Iganci, J.R.V., Leal, B.A., Sales, M.F., Hall, C.F., Moreira, A.S., Rosário, A.S., Hurbath, F., Silveira, T.C. & Chagas, E.C.O. (2020) Euphorbiaceae. In: Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB113 (accessed 19 November 2021)
Silva, S.M. (1999) Diagnósticos das restingas do Brasil. In: Workshop de avaliação e ações prioritárias para conservação da biodiversidade da zona costeira e marinha (Anais eletrônicos). Fundação Bio-Rio, Porto Seguro, pp. 30.
Thiers, B. (2021 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed March 2021)
Valduga, E., Molz, M., Cordeiro, I. & Iganci, J. (2021) Novelties in Croton (Euphorbiaceae) from southern South America. Phytotaxa 496: 189–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.496.2.8
Van Ee, B.W. & Berry, P.E. (2011) Croton section Pedicellati (Euphorbiaceae), a novel New World group, and a new subsectional classification of Croton section Lamprocroton. Systematic Botany 36: 88–98. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X553162
Van Ee, B.W., Forster, P.I.& Berry, P.E. (2015) Phylogenetic relationships and a new sectional classification of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 28: 219–233. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB15016
Van Ee, B.W., Riina, R. & Berry, P.E. (2011) A revised infrageneric classification and molecular phylogeny of New World Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 60: 791–823. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.603013
Veloso, H.P. (1992) Manual técnico da vegetação brasileira. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 93 pp.
Vitarelli, N.C., Riina, R., Caruzo, M.B.R., Cordeiro, I., Fuertes-Aguilar, J. & Meira, R.M.S. (2015) Foliar secretory structures in Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae): diversity, anatomy and evolutionary significance. American Journal of Botany 102: 833–847. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1500017
Webster, G.L., Del Arco Aguilar, M.J. & Smith, B.A. (1996) Systematic distribution of foliar trichome types in Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 121: 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00744.x