Abstract
A new saprotrophic species in Amanita sect. Lepidella, A. orientisororia, was discovered on lawn and sand dunes in Northeast China. This species was macroscopically characterized by a small white pileus, conical to subconical to pyramidal volval remnants on pileal surface, large broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 9–13×7–9.5 μm, and the common presence of clamps in all parts of basidiomata. It was described and compared with related species in the genus, based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic evidence inferred from sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal region (nrLSU).
References
Bas, C. (1969) Morphology and subdivision of Amanita and a monograph of its section Lepidella. Persoonia 5: 285–579.
Beeli, M., Goossens-Fontana, M. & Robyns, W. (1935) Flore iconographique des champignons du Congo, Fasc. I., Office de Publicité, Bruxelles, 28 pp.
Berkeley, M.J. & Broome, C.E. (1870) [1871] On some species of the genus Agaricus from Ceylon. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 27: 149–152. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1870.tb00206.x
Bertault, R. (1955) Une espèce à réhabiliter: Amanita (Aspidella) codinae (R. Maire) Bertault comb. nov = Lepidella codinae R. Maire. Bulletin Trimestriel De La Société Mycologique De France 71 (1): 27–32.
Cai, Q., Cui, Y.Y. & Yang, Z.L. (2016) Lethal Amanita species in China. Mycologia 108 (5): 993–1009. https://doi.org/10.3852/16-008
Corner, E.J.H. & Bas, C. (1962) The genus Amanita in Singapore and Malaya. Persoonia 2 (3): 241–304
Cui, Y.Y., Cai, Q., Tang, L., Liu, J.W. & Yang, Z.L. (2018) The family Amanitaceae: molecular phylogeny, higher-rank taxonomy and the species in China. Fungal Diversity 91: 5–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0405-9
Cui, Y.Y., Cai, Q. & Yang, Z.L. (2021) Amanita chuformis, a new Amanita species with a marginate basal bulb. Mycoscience 62: 29–35. https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2020.08.003
Davison, E.M., Giustiniano, D., Busetti, F., Gates, G.M. & Syme, K. (2017) Death cap mushrooms from southern Australia: additions to Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) section Phalloideae Clade IX. Australian Systematic Botany 30: 371–389.
Deng, W.Q., Li, T.H., Li, P. & Yang, Z.L. (2014) A new species of Amanita section Lepidella from South China. Mycological Progress 13 (2): 211–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0906-6
Deng, W.Q., Li, T.H. & Hosen, M.I. (2016) Amanita rufobrunnescens, a new species of Amanita section Amidella from South China. Phytotaxa 243 (2): 147–154. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.2.4
Don, R.H., Cox, P.T., Wainwright, B.J., Baker, K. & Mattick, J.S. (1991) ‘Touchdown’ PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucleic Acids Research 19 (14): 4008. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.14.4008
Earle, F.S. (1909) The genera of the North American gill fungi. Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden 5: 373–451.
Franco-Malano, A.E. (1991) Catatrama (Tricholomataceae), a new genus from Costa Rica. Mycologia 83: 501–505. https://doi.org/10.2307/3760361
Hopple, J.S. Jr. & Vilgalys, R. (1999) Phylogenetic relationships in the mushroom genus Coprinus and dark spored allies based on sequence data from the nuclear gene coding for the large ribosomal subunit RNA: divergent domains, outgroups, and monophyly. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 13: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1999.0634
Kornerup, A. & Wanscher, J.H. (1978) Methuen handbook of colour, 3rd edn. Methuen, London, 252 pp.
Kühuer, R. (1926) Contribution à l’étude des Hyménomycètes et spécialement des Agaricacées. Le Botaniste 17: 5–218.
Liu, J.W., Cai, Q., Cui, Y.Y., Yang, Z.L. (2017) Amanita cingulata, a new annulate species of Amanita sect. Vaginatae from subtropical China. Phytotaxa 326 (1): 41–53. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.326.1.3
Miller, O.K., Trueblood, Jr.E. & Jenkins, D.T. (1990) Three new species of Amanita from Southwestern Idaho and Southeastern Oregon. Mycologia 82: 120–128. https://doi.org/10.2307/3759971
Moretti, G. (1826) Il botanico Italiano ossia discussioni sulla Flora Italica. Giornale di fisica, chimica, storia naturale, medicini ed arti, Pavia, Decade 2 9 (1): 65–85. [No plates.]
Nylander, J.A.A. (2004) MrModeltest v2.2 Program distributed by the author. In: Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University.
Peck, C.H. (1897) New species of fungi. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 24 (3): 137–147. https://doi.org/10.2307/2477879
Pegler, D.N. (1986) Agaric Flora of Sri Lanka. Kew Bulletin Addit. Series 12: i–vi, 1–519.
Pegler, D.N. & Shah-Smith, D. (1997) The genus Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) in Zambia. Mycotaxon 61: 389–417.
Persoon, C.H. (1797) Tentamen dispositionis methodicae Fungorum in classes, ordines genera et familias. Cum supplemento adjecto. Petrum Philippum Wolf, Leipzig, 76 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.42674
Rambaut, A. (2016) FigTree v1.4.3. Available from: http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/ (accessed 7 December 2021)
Reid, D.A. (1966) Coloured icones of rare and interesting fungi. 1. Beih. Nova Hedwigia suppl. 11. 32 pp. + 8 pl.
Reid, D.A. (1980) A monograph of the Australian species of Amanita Pers. ex Hook. (Fungi). Australian Journal of Biological Sciences Ser 10 (8): 1–96.
Redhead, S.A., Vizzini, A., Drehemel, D.C. & Contu, M. (2016) Saproamanita, a new name for both Lepidella E.-J. Gilbert and Aspidella E.-J. Gilbert (Amaniteae, Amanitaceae). IMA Fungus 7 (1): 119–129. https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.01.07
Redhead, S.A. (2019) Nomenclatural novelties. Index Fungorum 385 (1).
Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572–1574. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180
Schmidle, W. (1901) Beiträge zur Algenflora Afrikas. I. Algen aus Ost-Affrika. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 30: 246.
Silvestro, D. & Michalak, I. (2012) RaxmlGUI: a graphical front-end for RAxML. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 12: 335–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0056-0
Singer, R. (1941) De nonnullis Basidiomycetibus. II. Botanicheskie Materialy Otdela Sporovykh Rastenii Botanicheskogo Instituta imeni V. L. Komarova Akademii Nauk S S S R 5: 84–86.
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2011) MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution 28 (10): 2731–2739. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msr121
Tompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewnlak, F., Jianmougin, F. & Higgins, D.G. (1997) The Clustal X windows interfaces: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research 24: 4876–4882. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
Tulloss, R.E., Lindgren, J.E., Arora, D., Wolfe, B.E. & Rodríguez-Caycedo, C. (2014) Amanita pruittii—a new, apparently saprotrophic species from US Pacific coastal states. Amanitaceae 1 (1): 1–9.
Tulloss, R.E., Kuyper, T.W., Vellinga, E.C., Yang, Z.L., Halling, R.E., Geml, J., Sánchez–Ramírez, S., Gonçalves, S.C., Hess, J. & Pringle, A. (2016) The genus Amanita should not be split. Amanitaceae 1 (3): 1–16.
Vizzini, A., Angelini, C. & Bizzi, A. (2016) Saproamanita manicata in Repubblica Dominicana. Rivista micologica romana. Bollettino dell’Associazione Micologica Ecologica Romana 28 (2): 33–44.
Vizzini, A., Redhead, S.A. & Dovana, F. (2017) Epitypification of Agaricus vittadinii (Basidiomycota, Amanitaceae). Phytotaxa 326 (3): 230–234. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.326.3.8
Wakefield, E.M. (1918) New and rare British fungi. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens, Kew) 1918 (7): 229–233. https://doi.org/10.2307/4118675
White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and directsequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (eds.) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, California, pp. 315–322 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
Wood, A. (1997) Studies in the genus Amanita (Agaricales) in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 10: 723–854. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB95049
Wolfe, B.E., Tulloss, R.E. & Pringle, A. (2012) The irreversible loss of a decomposition pathway marks the single origin of an ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. PLoS ONE 7 (7): e39597. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039597
Yang, Z.L. (1997) Die Amanita—Arten von Südwestchina. Bibliotheca Mycologica 170: 1–240.
Yang, Z.L. (2005) Flora fungorum sinicorum. Vol. 27. Amanitaceae. Science Press, Beijing, 258 pp.
Yang, Z.L. (2015) Atlas of the Chinese species of Amanitaceae. Science Press, Beijing, 213 pp.
Yang, Z.L., Cai, Q. & Cui, Y.Y. (2018) Phylogeny, diversity and morphological evolution of Amanitaceae. Biosystematics and Ecology 34: 359–380.
Zhang, K.P., Zhang, Y.Z., Sun, C.Y., Zhang, H.S., Lu, J.J., Si, J. & Li, H.J. (2020) Amanita lacerosquamosa, a new species of Amanita sect. Validae from southwestern China. Phytotaxa 456 (1): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.456.1.7
Zhong, J., Li, G.W., Pu, J.B., Pu, J.B., Chen, Z.H. & Zhang, P. (2021) Two new species of Amanita section Roanokenses with a radicating basal bulb. Mycological Progress 20 (8): 967–979. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01713-9
Beeli, M., Goossens-Fontana, M. & Robyns, W. (1935) Flore iconographique des champignons du Congo, Fasc. I., Office de Publicité, Bruxelles, 28 pp.
Berkeley, M.J. & Broome, C.E. (1870) [1871] On some species of the genus Agaricus from Ceylon. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 27: 149–152. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1870.tb00206.x
Bertault, R. (1955) Une espèce à réhabiliter: Amanita (Aspidella) codinae (R. Maire) Bertault comb. nov = Lepidella codinae R. Maire. Bulletin Trimestriel De La Société Mycologique De France 71 (1): 27–32.
Cai, Q., Cui, Y.Y. & Yang, Z.L. (2016) Lethal Amanita species in China. Mycologia 108 (5): 993–1009. https://doi.org/10.3852/16-008
Corner, E.J.H. & Bas, C. (1962) The genus Amanita in Singapore and Malaya. Persoonia 2 (3): 241–304
Cui, Y.Y., Cai, Q., Tang, L., Liu, J.W. & Yang, Z.L. (2018) The family Amanitaceae: molecular phylogeny, higher-rank taxonomy and the species in China. Fungal Diversity 91: 5–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0405-9
Cui, Y.Y., Cai, Q. & Yang, Z.L. (2021) Amanita chuformis, a new Amanita species with a marginate basal bulb. Mycoscience 62: 29–35. https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2020.08.003
Davison, E.M., Giustiniano, D., Busetti, F., Gates, G.M. & Syme, K. (2017) Death cap mushrooms from southern Australia: additions to Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) section Phalloideae Clade IX. Australian Systematic Botany 30: 371–389.
Deng, W.Q., Li, T.H., Li, P. & Yang, Z.L. (2014) A new species of Amanita section Lepidella from South China. Mycological Progress 13 (2): 211–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0906-6
Deng, W.Q., Li, T.H. & Hosen, M.I. (2016) Amanita rufobrunnescens, a new species of Amanita section Amidella from South China. Phytotaxa 243 (2): 147–154. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.2.4
Don, R.H., Cox, P.T., Wainwright, B.J., Baker, K. & Mattick, J.S. (1991) ‘Touchdown’ PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucleic Acids Research 19 (14): 4008. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.14.4008
Earle, F.S. (1909) The genera of the North American gill fungi. Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden 5: 373–451.
Franco-Malano, A.E. (1991) Catatrama (Tricholomataceae), a new genus from Costa Rica. Mycologia 83: 501–505. https://doi.org/10.2307/3760361
Hopple, J.S. Jr. & Vilgalys, R. (1999) Phylogenetic relationships in the mushroom genus Coprinus and dark spored allies based on sequence data from the nuclear gene coding for the large ribosomal subunit RNA: divergent domains, outgroups, and monophyly. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 13: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1999.0634
Kornerup, A. & Wanscher, J.H. (1978) Methuen handbook of colour, 3rd edn. Methuen, London, 252 pp.
Kühuer, R. (1926) Contribution à l’étude des Hyménomycètes et spécialement des Agaricacées. Le Botaniste 17: 5–218.
Liu, J.W., Cai, Q., Cui, Y.Y., Yang, Z.L. (2017) Amanita cingulata, a new annulate species of Amanita sect. Vaginatae from subtropical China. Phytotaxa 326 (1): 41–53. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.326.1.3
Miller, O.K., Trueblood, Jr.E. & Jenkins, D.T. (1990) Three new species of Amanita from Southwestern Idaho and Southeastern Oregon. Mycologia 82: 120–128. https://doi.org/10.2307/3759971
Moretti, G. (1826) Il botanico Italiano ossia discussioni sulla Flora Italica. Giornale di fisica, chimica, storia naturale, medicini ed arti, Pavia, Decade 2 9 (1): 65–85. [No plates.]
Nylander, J.A.A. (2004) MrModeltest v2.2 Program distributed by the author. In: Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University.
Peck, C.H. (1897) New species of fungi. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 24 (3): 137–147. https://doi.org/10.2307/2477879
Pegler, D.N. (1986) Agaric Flora of Sri Lanka. Kew Bulletin Addit. Series 12: i–vi, 1–519.
Pegler, D.N. & Shah-Smith, D. (1997) The genus Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) in Zambia. Mycotaxon 61: 389–417.
Persoon, C.H. (1797) Tentamen dispositionis methodicae Fungorum in classes, ordines genera et familias. Cum supplemento adjecto. Petrum Philippum Wolf, Leipzig, 76 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.42674
Rambaut, A. (2016) FigTree v1.4.3. Available from: http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/ (accessed 7 December 2021)
Reid, D.A. (1966) Coloured icones of rare and interesting fungi. 1. Beih. Nova Hedwigia suppl. 11. 32 pp. + 8 pl.
Reid, D.A. (1980) A monograph of the Australian species of Amanita Pers. ex Hook. (Fungi). Australian Journal of Biological Sciences Ser 10 (8): 1–96.
Redhead, S.A., Vizzini, A., Drehemel, D.C. & Contu, M. (2016) Saproamanita, a new name for both Lepidella E.-J. Gilbert and Aspidella E.-J. Gilbert (Amaniteae, Amanitaceae). IMA Fungus 7 (1): 119–129. https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.01.07
Redhead, S.A. (2019) Nomenclatural novelties. Index Fungorum 385 (1).
Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572–1574. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180
Schmidle, W. (1901) Beiträge zur Algenflora Afrikas. I. Algen aus Ost-Affrika. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 30: 246.
Silvestro, D. & Michalak, I. (2012) RaxmlGUI: a graphical front-end for RAxML. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 12: 335–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0056-0
Singer, R. (1941) De nonnullis Basidiomycetibus. II. Botanicheskie Materialy Otdela Sporovykh Rastenii Botanicheskogo Instituta imeni V. L. Komarova Akademii Nauk S S S R 5: 84–86.
Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2011) MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution 28 (10): 2731–2739. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msr121
Tompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewnlak, F., Jianmougin, F. & Higgins, D.G. (1997) The Clustal X windows interfaces: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research 24: 4876–4882. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
Tulloss, R.E., Lindgren, J.E., Arora, D., Wolfe, B.E. & Rodríguez-Caycedo, C. (2014) Amanita pruittii—a new, apparently saprotrophic species from US Pacific coastal states. Amanitaceae 1 (1): 1–9.
Tulloss, R.E., Kuyper, T.W., Vellinga, E.C., Yang, Z.L., Halling, R.E., Geml, J., Sánchez–Ramírez, S., Gonçalves, S.C., Hess, J. & Pringle, A. (2016) The genus Amanita should not be split. Amanitaceae 1 (3): 1–16.
Vizzini, A., Angelini, C. & Bizzi, A. (2016) Saproamanita manicata in Repubblica Dominicana. Rivista micologica romana. Bollettino dell’Associazione Micologica Ecologica Romana 28 (2): 33–44.
Vizzini, A., Redhead, S.A. & Dovana, F. (2017) Epitypification of Agaricus vittadinii (Basidiomycota, Amanitaceae). Phytotaxa 326 (3): 230–234. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.326.3.8
Wakefield, E.M. (1918) New and rare British fungi. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens, Kew) 1918 (7): 229–233. https://doi.org/10.2307/4118675
White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and directsequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (eds.) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, California, pp. 315–322 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
Wood, A. (1997) Studies in the genus Amanita (Agaricales) in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 10: 723–854. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB95049
Wolfe, B.E., Tulloss, R.E. & Pringle, A. (2012) The irreversible loss of a decomposition pathway marks the single origin of an ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. PLoS ONE 7 (7): e39597. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039597
Yang, Z.L. (1997) Die Amanita—Arten von Südwestchina. Bibliotheca Mycologica 170: 1–240.
Yang, Z.L. (2005) Flora fungorum sinicorum. Vol. 27. Amanitaceae. Science Press, Beijing, 258 pp.
Yang, Z.L. (2015) Atlas of the Chinese species of Amanitaceae. Science Press, Beijing, 213 pp.
Yang, Z.L., Cai, Q. & Cui, Y.Y. (2018) Phylogeny, diversity and morphological evolution of Amanitaceae. Biosystematics and Ecology 34: 359–380.
Zhang, K.P., Zhang, Y.Z., Sun, C.Y., Zhang, H.S., Lu, J.J., Si, J. & Li, H.J. (2020) Amanita lacerosquamosa, a new species of Amanita sect. Validae from southwestern China. Phytotaxa 456 (1): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.456.1.7
Zhong, J., Li, G.W., Pu, J.B., Pu, J.B., Chen, Z.H. & Zhang, P. (2021) Two new species of Amanita section Roanokenses with a radicating basal bulb. Mycological Progress 20 (8): 967–979. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01713-9