Abstract
The genus Monstera is represented in Colombia by 20 species, 12 of them from the Pacific slope of the Andes. Fieldwork between 2017 and 2019 in this region and a thorough revision of the main Colombian herbaria allowed us to discover two undescribed species belonging to Monstera section Monstera. The two new species are described and illustrated using color photographs of vegetative and reproductive features from living material, and compared to Monstera oreophila, M. epipremnoides and M. dissecta from Central America.
References
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<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. (2014) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf]</p>
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<p>Thiers, B. (2018) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 4 June 2021).</p>
<p>Zotz, G. (2013) “Hemiepiphyte”: a confusing term and its history. <em>Annals of Botany</em> 111: 1015–1020. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct085</p>
<p>Zuluaga, A. (2015) <em>Monstera</em>. <em>In</em>: Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.) <em>Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia</em>. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co</p>
<p>Zuluaga, A. & Cameron, K.M. (2018) Two new species of <em>Monstera</em> (Araceae: Monsteroideae) with entire leaves from Panama and Costa Rica. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 334: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.1</p>
<p>Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., De La Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. <em>In</em>: Smith, V. & Penev, L. (eds.) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. <em>ZooKeys </em>150: 117–126. (Version BETA)* https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109</p>
<p>Bautista-Bello, A.P., Krömer, T., Acebey, A.R., Weichgrebe, L. & Zotz, G. (2021) Variación biológica en las aráceas trepadoras. <em>Acta Botanica Mexicana</em> 128: e1819. https://doi.org/10.21829/abm128.2021.1819</p>
<p>Cedeño-Fonseca, M., Karremans, A.P. & Ortiz, O.O. (2018) <em>Monstera limitaris</em> (Araceae), a new species from the border between Costa Rica and Panama. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 376: 37–42. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.376.1.4</p>
<p>Cedeño-Fonseca, M., Croat, T.B., Zuluaga, A., Mittermeier, M. & Blanco, M.A. (2020a) Two new species of <em>Monstera</em> (Araceae: Monsteroideae) from Costa Rica. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 461: 185–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.461.3.5</p>
<p>Cedeño-Fonseca, M., Grayum, M.H., Croat, T.B. & Blanco, M.A. (2020b) Three new species of <em>Monstera</em> (Araceae: Monsteroideae: Monstereae) from the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica, threatened by the expansion of coffee plantations. <em>Nordic Journal of Botany</em> 38: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02970</p>
<p>Croat, T.B. & Grayum, M.H. (1987) New combinations in Central American Araceae. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 74: 659–660. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399330</p>
<p>Croat, T.B. (1992) Species diversity of Araceae in Colombia: a preliminary survey. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 79: 17–28. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399806</p>
<p>Engler, A. (1905) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Araceae. X. Araceae novae. <em>Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie</em> 37: 110–143.</p>
<p>Grayum, M.H. (1997) Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Costa Rican Araceae. <em>Phytologia</em> 82: 30–57. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.22802</p>
<p>IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. (2014) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf]</p>
<p>Jimenez, P.D., Aguilar-Rodriguez, P.A., Cedeno-Fonseca, M., Zuluaga, A., Croat, T.B., Montano, M.A., Jimenez-Segura, M., Lopez-Mora, M., Macswiney, C.G. & Yovel, Y. (2020) <em>Monstera guzmanjacobiae</em> (Araceae), a new species from Mexico with notes on its reproductive biology. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 437: 39–46. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.1.5</p>
<p>Madison, M. (1977) A revision of <em>Monstera</em> (Araceae). <em>Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University</em> 207: 1–100.</p>
<p>Mora, M., Bernal, R., Croat, T. & Jácome, J. (2006) A phytogeographic analysis of Araceae of Cabo Corrientes (Chocó, Colombia) and comparable lowland tropical American floras. <em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em> 93: 359–366. https://doi.org/10.3417/0026-6493(2006)93[359:APAOAO]2.0.CO;2</p>
<p>Schott, H.W. (1858) Ueber Aroideen Central-America’s. <em>Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift</em> 8: 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02106075</p>
<p>Thiers, B. (2018) <em>Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff.</em> New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (accessed 4 June 2021).</p>
<p>Zotz, G. (2013) “Hemiepiphyte”: a confusing term and its history. <em>Annals of Botany</em> 111: 1015–1020. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct085</p>
<p>Zuluaga, A. (2015) <em>Monstera</em>. <em>In</em>: Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.) <em>Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia</em>. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co</p>
<p>Zuluaga, A. & Cameron, K.M. (2018) Two new species of <em>Monstera</em> (Araceae: Monsteroideae) with entire leaves from Panama and Costa Rica. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 334: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.1</p>