Abstract
Iris pseudomeda is described and illustrated as a new species of Iris section Oncocyclus from Kurdistan province in northwestern Iran. It occurs among subalpine flora of Zagros mountain range, on stony calcareous hillsides and the brink of grassland fields. A complete morphological description, conservation status, botanical illustrations, notes on habitat and distribution range are presented for the new species. Furthermore, taxonomic relationships of I. pseudomeda with other members of this rhizomatous bearded section, particularly I. meda, are also discussed.
References
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<p>Steven, C. (1817) Observationes in plantas Rossicas et descriptions speciorum novarum. <em>Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou </em>5: 334–356.</p>
<p>Trautvetter, E.R. von (1870) Observationes in plantas a Dre. G. Radde anno 1870 in Turcomania et transcaucasis lectas, nec non in alias quastam. <em>Acta Horti Petropolitani </em>1: 13–34.</p>
<p>Wendelbo, P. & Mathew, B. (1975) Iridaceae. <em>In</em>: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica </em>112. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 79 pp.</p>
<p>Wilson, C.A., Padiernos, J. & Sapir, Y. (2016) The royal irises (<em>Iris</em> subg. <em>Iris</em> sect. <em>Oncocyclus</em>): Plastid and low-copy nuclear data contribute to an understanding of their phylogenetic relationships. <em>Taxon</em> 65 (1): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/651.3</p>
<p>Zohary, M. (1973) <em>Geobotanical foundations of the Middle East</em>. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Amsterdam, 739 pp.</p>
<p>Boissier, E. (1875) <em>Flora Orientalis </em>3<em>. </em>H. Georg, Geneva & Basileae, 1033 pp.</p>
<p>Crespo, M.B., Martínez-Azorín, M. & Mavrodiev, E.V. (2015) Can a rainbow consist of a single colour? A new comprehensive generic arrangement of the ‘<em>Iris sensu latissimo</em>’ clade (Iridaceae), congruent with morphology and molecular data. <em>Phytotaxa </em>232: 1–78. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.232.1.1</p>
<p>Dykes, W.R. (1912) <em>The genus Iris</em>. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 245 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.116246</p>
<p>Guo, J. & Wilson, C.A. (2013) Molecular phylogeny of crested <em>Iris</em> based on five plastid markers (<em>Iridaceae</em>). <em>Systematic Botany</em> 38 (4): 987–995. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364413X674724</p>
<p>Hassler, M. (2021) <em>World Plants</em>: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version 2021–08–06). https://doi.org/10.48580/d4sd-3dd</p>
<p>IUCN (2019) <em>Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria</em>. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 25 November 2021)</p>
<p>Jekyll, G. & Cook, E.T. (1900) <em>Garden. </em>London, 57: 471.</p>
<p>Linnaeus, C. von (1753) <em>Species plantarum </em>1. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.</p>
<p>López-Caamal, A. & Tovar-Sánchez, E. (2014) Genetic, morphological, and chemical patterns of plant hybridization. <em>Revista Chilena de Historia Natural</em> 87 (1): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40693-014-0016-0</p>
<p>Marschall von Bieberstein, F.A. (1808) <em>Flora Taurico-Caucasica exhibens stirpes phaenogamas, in Chersoneso Taurica et regionibus caucasicis sponte crescentes </em>1. Typis academicis, Charkouiae (Charkow), 428 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10825</p>
<p>Mathew, B. (1989) <em>The Iris</em>. Batsford, London, 200 pp.</p>
<p>Mathew, B. & Zarrei, M. (2009) 653. <em>IRIS</em> <em>ZAGRICA</em>: <em>Iridaceae</em>. <em>Curtis’s Botanical Magazine</em> 26 (3): 245–252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8748.2009.01655.x</p>
<p>Mavrodiev, E.V., Martínez-Azorín, M., Dranishnikov, P. & Crespo, M.B. (2014) At least 23 genera instead of one: the case of <em>Iris </em>L. <em>s.l. </em>(Iridaceae). <em>PLOS One </em>9 (8): e106459. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106459</p>
<p>Mazhari, N. (2000) No. 31. Iridaceae. <em>In: </em>Assadi, M., Maassoumi, A.A., Khatamsaz, M. & Mozaffarin, V. (Eds.) <em>Flora of Iran</em>. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 87 pp. [In Persian]</p>
<p>Memariani, F. & Joharchi, M.R. (2017) <em>Iris</em> <em>ferdowsii</em> (<em>Iridaceae</em>), a new species of section <em>Regelia</em> from northeast of Iran. <em>Phytotaxa</em> 291 (3): 192–200. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.291.3.3</p>
<p>Meyer, C.A. (1831) <em>Verzeichniss der Pflanzen, welche wahrend der in den jahren 1829 und 1830 Unternommenen reise im Caucasus und in den provinzen am westlichen ufer des Caspischen Meeres gefunden und eingesammelt worden sind</em>. St. Petersbourg, 241 pp.</p>
<p>Noroozi, J., Akhani, H. & Breckle, S.W. (2008) Biodiversity and phytogeography of the alpine flora of Iran. <em>Biodiversity and Conservation</em> 17 (3): 493–521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9246-7</p>
<p>Noroozi, J. (Ed.) (2020) <em>Plant Biogeography and Vegetation of High Mountains of Central and South-West Asia</em>. Springer International Publishing, 360 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45212-4</p>
<p>Siemssen, C.M. (1846) Ueber eine neue Gattung der Irideen. <em>Botanische Zeitung (Berlin) </em>4: 705–710.</p>
<p>Solomon, J., Shulkina, T. & Schatz, G.E. (2014) Red List of the Endemic Plants of the Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, and Turkey. <em>Sysematic. Botany Monograph </em>125: 1–451.</p>
<p>Stapf, O. (1885) Die botanischen Ergebnisse der Polak’schen Expedition nach Persien im Jahre 1882. I. Theil. <em>Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften / Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe </em>50: 1–72.</p>
<p>Stapf, O. (1932) <em>Iris polakii protonyma</em>. <em>Curtis’s Botanical Magazine </em>155: t. 9279.</p>
<p>Steven, C. (1817) Observationes in plantas Rossicas et descriptions speciorum novarum. <em>Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou </em>5: 334–356.</p>
<p>Trautvetter, E.R. von (1870) Observationes in plantas a Dre. G. Radde anno 1870 in Turcomania et transcaucasis lectas, nec non in alias quastam. <em>Acta Horti Petropolitani </em>1: 13–34.</p>
<p>Wendelbo, P. & Mathew, B. (1975) Iridaceae. <em>In</em>: Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.) <em>Flora Iranica </em>112. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 79 pp.</p>
<p>Wilson, C.A., Padiernos, J. & Sapir, Y. (2016) The royal irises (<em>Iris</em> subg. <em>Iris</em> sect. <em>Oncocyclus</em>): Plastid and low-copy nuclear data contribute to an understanding of their phylogenetic relationships. <em>Taxon</em> 65 (1): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/651.3</p>
<p>Zohary, M. (1973) <em>Geobotanical foundations of the Middle East</em>. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Amsterdam, 739 pp.</p>