Abstract
Justicia pusilla, a new species of Acanthaceae from Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is one of the smallest plants in the genus. It is morphologically allied with Justicia laevilinguis and “Justicia indespecta”, but differs from both by a set of characters related to habit, leaves, spikes, bracts, bracteoles, calyx, corolla and seeds. It is considered endangered due to its restricted geographic distribution and low population density.
References
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Braz, D.M. (2015) Justicia paracambi, a new Brazilian species of Acanthaceae. Phytotaxa 236: 184–190. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.236.2.7
Braz, D.M. & Azevedo, I.H.F. (2016) Acanthaceae da Marambaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Hoehnea 43: 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-12/2016
Braz, D.M., Carvalho-Okano, R.M. & Kameyama, C. (2002) Acanthaceae da Reserva Florestal Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Revista Brasileira de Botânica 25: 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84042002012000013
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Daniel, T.F. (2016) Vascular plants of Arizona: Acanthaceae acanthus or shrimp-plant family. Canotia 12: 22–54.
Ezcurra, C. (2002) El género Justicia (Acanthaeeae) en Sudamética Austral. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 89: 225–280. https://doi.org/10.2307/3298565
Graham, V.A.W. (1988) Delimitation and infra-generic classification of Justicia (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin 43: 551–624. https://doi.org/10.2307/4129957
Hochstetter, C.F.F. (1843) Nova Genera Plantarum Africae. Flora 26: 69–83.
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Kameyama, C. (2003) Flora de Grão Mogol, Minas Gerais: Acanthaceae. Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo 21: 51–53. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v21i1p51-53
Kameyama, C. (2006) Flora da Reserva Ducke, Amazonas, Brasil: Acanthaceae. Rodriguésia 57: 149–154. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860200657201
Kiel, C.A., Daniel, T.F., Darbyshire, I. & McDade, L.A. (2017) Unraveling relationships in the morphologically diverse and taxonomically challenging ‘justicioid’ lineage (Acanthaceae, Justicieae). Taxon 66: 645–674. https://doi.org/10.12705/663.8
Kiel, C.A., Daniel, T.F. & McDade, L.A. (2018) Phylogenetics of New World ‘justicioids” (Justicieae: Acanthaceae): Major lineages, morphological patterns, and widespread incongruence with classification. Systematic Botany 43: 459–484. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X697201
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Lindau, G. (1900) Acanthaceae. In: Urban, I. (ed.) Symbolae Antillanae seu Fundamenta Florae Indiae Occidentalis 2: 170–254.
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum 1. Laurentii Salvius, Stockolm, 560 pp.
Nees Von Esenbeck, C.G. (1832) Acanthaceae Indiae Orientalis. In: Wallich, N. (Ed.) Plantae Asiaticae Rariores, Treuttel, Würtz & Ritter, London, pp.70–117.
Nees Von Esenbeck, C.G. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: von Martins, K.F.P. & Eicliler, A.G. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 9. F. Fleischer, Lipsiae, pp. 1–164.
QGIS Development Team (2016) QGIS 2.14.19 Brighton software. Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available at: http://doc.qgis.org (accessed 15 June 2021)
Reis, A.S., Gil, A.S.B. & Kameyama, C. (2017) Flora das Cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Acanthaceae. Rodriguésia 68: 887–903.
Sartin, R.D. (2015) O gênero Justicia L. (Acanthaceae) no estado de Goiás. Master’s dissertation. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 132 pp.
Silva, F.A. (2019) O gênero Justicia L. (Acanthaceae) no estado do Pará, Brasil. Master’s dissertation. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Pará, 165pp.
Silva, F.A., Gil, A.S.B. & Kameyama, C. (2019a) Justicia carajensis, a new species of Acanthaceae from the Serra dos Carajás, Pará. Phytotaxa 388: 266–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.388.4.2
Silva, F.A., Gil, A.S.B., Reis, A.S., Fernandes-Júnior, A.J., Luz, C.F.P. & Kameyama, C. (2019b) Three new species of Justicia L. (Acanthaceae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany 44: 697–707. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364419X15620114943855
Solms-Laubach, H.M.C.L.F. (1867) Acanthaceae. In: Schweinfurth, G. (Ed.) Beitragzur flora Aethiopiens. Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin, pp. 102–114.
Thiers B (2021 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 1 September 2021)
Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. & Seott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. In: Smith, V. & Penev, L. (Eds.) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 50: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109
Bentham, G. (1876) Acanthaceae. In: Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. (Eds.) Genera Plantarum 2. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 1066–1122.
Braz, D.M. (2015) Justicia paracambi, a new Brazilian species of Acanthaceae. Phytotaxa 236: 184–190. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.236.2.7
Braz, D.M. & Azevedo, I.H.F. (2016) Acanthaceae da Marambaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Hoehnea 43: 497–516. https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-12/2016
Braz, D.M., Carvalho-Okano, R.M. & Kameyama, C. (2002) Acanthaceae da Reserva Florestal Mata do Paraíso, Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Revista Brasileira de Botânica 25: 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84042002012000013
Chagas, E.C.O. & Costa-Lima, J.L. (2020) Justicia in Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB4137 (accessed 18 June 2021)
Côrtes, A.L.A. & Rapini, A. (2011) Four new species of Justicia (Acanthaceae) from the Caatinga biome of Bahia, Brazil. Kew Bulletin 66: 453–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-011-9295-7
Côrtes, A.L.A. & Rapini, A. (2013) Justicieae (Acanthaceae) do Semiárido do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Hoehnea 40: 253–292. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2236-89062013000200003
Daniel, T.F. (2016) Vascular plants of Arizona: Acanthaceae acanthus or shrimp-plant family. Canotia 12: 22–54.
Ezcurra, C. (2002) El género Justicia (Acanthaeeae) en Sudamética Austral. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 89: 225–280. https://doi.org/10.2307/3298565
Graham, V.A.W. (1988) Delimitation and infra-generic classification of Justicia (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin 43: 551–624. https://doi.org/10.2307/4129957
Hochstetter, C.F.F. (1843) Nova Genera Plantarum Africae. Flora 26: 69–83.
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. IUCN Species Survival Commission, 38 pp. Available at: http://cmsdocs.s3.amazonaws.com/RedListGuidelines.pdf (accessed 10 June 2021)
JSTOR Global Plants (2021) JSTOR Global Plants. Available at: http://plants.jstor.org/ (accessed 11 June 2021)
Kameyama, C. (1995) Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Acanthaceae. Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo 14: 181–206. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v14i0p181-206
Kameyama, C. (2003) Flora de Grão Mogol, Minas Gerais: Acanthaceae. Boletim de Botânica da Universidade de São Paulo 21: 51–53. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9052.v21i1p51-53
Kameyama, C. (2006) Flora da Reserva Ducke, Amazonas, Brasil: Acanthaceae. Rodriguésia 57: 149–154. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860200657201
Kiel, C.A., Daniel, T.F., Darbyshire, I. & McDade, L.A. (2017) Unraveling relationships in the morphologically diverse and taxonomically challenging ‘justicioid’ lineage (Acanthaceae, Justicieae). Taxon 66: 645–674. https://doi.org/10.12705/663.8
Kiel, C.A., Daniel, T.F. & McDade, L.A. (2018) Phylogenetics of New World ‘justicioids” (Justicieae: Acanthaceae): Major lineages, morphological patterns, and widespread incongruence with classification. Systematic Botany 43: 459–484. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X697201
Lindau, G. (1895) Acanthaceae. In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.) Die Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Vol. 4 (3b). Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 274–354.
Lindau, G. (1900) Acanthaceae. In: Urban, I. (ed.) Symbolae Antillanae seu Fundamenta Florae Indiae Occidentalis 2: 170–254.
Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum 1. Laurentii Salvius, Stockolm, 560 pp.
Nees Von Esenbeck, C.G. (1832) Acanthaceae Indiae Orientalis. In: Wallich, N. (Ed.) Plantae Asiaticae Rariores, Treuttel, Würtz & Ritter, London, pp.70–117.
Nees Von Esenbeck, C.G. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: von Martins, K.F.P. & Eicliler, A.G. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 9. F. Fleischer, Lipsiae, pp. 1–164.
QGIS Development Team (2016) QGIS 2.14.19 Brighton software. Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available at: http://doc.qgis.org (accessed 15 June 2021)
Reis, A.S., Gil, A.S.B. & Kameyama, C. (2017) Flora das Cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Acanthaceae. Rodriguésia 68: 887–903.
Sartin, R.D. (2015) O gênero Justicia L. (Acanthaceae) no estado de Goiás. Master’s dissertation. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 132 pp.
Silva, F.A. (2019) O gênero Justicia L. (Acanthaceae) no estado do Pará, Brasil. Master’s dissertation. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Pará, 165pp.
Silva, F.A., Gil, A.S.B. & Kameyama, C. (2019a) Justicia carajensis, a new species of Acanthaceae from the Serra dos Carajás, Pará. Phytotaxa 388: 266–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.388.4.2
Silva, F.A., Gil, A.S.B., Reis, A.S., Fernandes-Júnior, A.J., Luz, C.F.P. & Kameyama, C. (2019b) Three new species of Justicia L. (Acanthaceae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany 44: 697–707. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364419X15620114943855
Solms-Laubach, H.M.C.L.F. (1867) Acanthaceae. In: Schweinfurth, G. (Ed.) Beitragzur flora Aethiopiens. Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin, pp. 102–114.
Thiers B (2021 [continuously updated]) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (accessed 1 September 2021)